Systematics of minerals according to Strunz (8th edition)

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The systematics of minerals according to Strunz (8th edition) is a systematic list (including the corresponding system numbering) developed by Hugo Strunz of all minerals currently or previously recognized by the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) . The basis is the 8th edition of the Mineralogical Tables, last edited in 1982 together with Christel Tennyson , whereby this edition corresponds to a subsequent edition of the 7th, unchanged from 1978 or 6th, corrected edition from 1977.

Since then, this form of systematics has only been continued by Stefan Weiß in the Lapis mineral directory , which, out of consideration for private collectors and institutional collections, refers to the classic form of Strunz's systematics.

The new and largely revised system of minerals according to Strunz (9th edition) with changed system numbering has been in effect since 2001 .

Specially marked status deviating from recognition as an independent mineral: (H) = Hypothetical mineral ( synthetic , anthropogenic , etc.), (N) = Published without recognition by the IMA / CNMNC, (Q) = Questionable

I elements

They include the chemical elements , which in nature dignified , that is in free, unbound form occur. This also includes their natural alloys or intermetallic compounds as well as carbides , nitrides , phosphides and silicides .

I / A. Metals and intermetallic alloys (excluding semimetals)

I / B. Semi-metals and non-metals

II sulphides and sulphosalts

In addition to the compounds of metals with sulfur , the mineral class of sulfides and sulfosalts also includes all related compounds of metal with selenium , tellurium , arsenic , antimony and bismuth . In particular these are the selenides , tellurides , arsenides , antimonides and bismuthides .

II / A '. Alloys (and alloy-like compounds) of metals with the semi-metals As, Sb, Bi

II / A. Sulphides etc. with M: S> 1: 1

II / B. Sulphides with M: S = 1: 1

ZnS type and relatives
NiAs type and relatives
PbS type and relatives
Further structure types

II / C. Sulphides with M: S <1: 1

M: S = 1: 2
M: S <1: 2

II / D. Complex sulfides (sulfosalts)

Appendix: Sulphides of semi-metals

III halides

The mineral class of halides includes all compounds with the halogens of the 7th main group of the periodic table of the elements, namely the fluorides , chlorides , bromides and iodides (outdated iodides ).

III / A. Simple halides

Metal: halogen = 1: 1
Metal: halogen = 1: 2
Simple halides with H 2 O

III / B. Double halides

III / C. Oxide halides

IV Oxides and Hydroxides

Oxides and hydroxides are compounds with oxygen , except for salts of acids with the typical acid residue ions (e.g. X- [SO 4 ] as the salt of sulfuric acid). This class also includes the vanadates with the oxidation level V 4 + / 5 + , arsenites , sulfites , selenites , tellurites and iodates .

IV / A. Connections with M 2 O and MO

IV / B. Compounds with M 3 O 4 - and related compounds

IV / C. M 2 O 3 and related compounds

IV / D. MO 2 and related compounds

Brookite-wolframite-columbite family

IV / E. M x O y compounds with M: O <1: 2

IV / F. Hydroxides

Vanadium hydroxide family
Uranyl hydroxide family

IV / G. Arsenites, selenites, tellurites and iodates

V carbonates, nitrates and borates

The carbonates include the salts of carbonic acid , the nitrates the salts of nitric acid and the borates the salts boric acid .

Va. Nitrates

Vb Carbonates

Vb / A. Anhydrous carbonates without foreign anions

Vb / B. Anhydrous carbonates with foreign anions

With medium-sized cations
With medium-sized and very large cations
With very large cations

Vb / C. Hydrous carbonates without foreign anions

With medium-sized cations
With very large cations

Vb / D. Hydrous carbonates with foreign anions

Vc. Borates

Vc / A. Island borates (nesoborates)

Planar BO 3 complexes without foreign anions
  • Vc / A.01: Jeremejewit-Kotoit group
  • Vc / A.02: InBO 3 -CaSn [BO 3 ] 2 -LaBO 3 group
    • Vc / A.02a: InBO 3 series: unoccupied
    • Vc / A.02b: Nordenskiöldin: Nordenskiöldin
    • Vc / A.02c: LaBO 3 row: unoccupied
Planar BO 3 complexes with foreign anions

Vc / B. Group borates (soroborates)

Linking planar B (O, OH) 3 complexes
Linking planar B (O, OH) 3 and tetrahedral B (O, OH) 4 complexes
Linking tetrahedral B (O, OH) 4 complexes

Vc / C. Chain borates (inoborates)

Chains of planar BO 3 complexes
Chains of planar B (O, OH) 3 and tetrahedral B (O, OH) 4 complexes
Chains of tetrahedral B (O, OH) 4 complexes:
Nifontovite , pentahydroborite , ural borite , vimsite

Vc / D. Layer borates (phylloborates)

Layers of planar B (O, OH) 3 and tetrahedral B (O, OH) 4 complexes
Layers of tetrahedral B (O, OH) 4 complexes
Korzhinskit ( Korschinskit )

Vc / E. Framework borates (tectoborates)

Three-dimensionally linked BO 3 and BO 4 complexes

VI Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates, Wolframates

In addition to the salts of sulfuric acid , the class of sulfates also includes the salts chromic acid , molybdic acid and tungstic acid and thus the chromates , molybdates and tungstates . Some selenates and tellurates are also assigned to this class , provided their divalent complex ions [SO 4 ], [CrO 4 ], [MoO 4 ], [WO 4 ], [SeO 4 ] and [TeO 4 ] are tetrahedrally coordinated .

Minerals in which the complex ions mentioned are not coordinated tetrahedrally such. B. wolframite are found in the class of oxides.

VIA. Anhydrous sulfates with no foreign anions

With medium-sized cations
With very large and medium-sized cations
With very large cations

VI / B. Anhydrous sulfates with foreign anions

With medium-sized cations
With very large and medium-sized cations
With very large cations

VI / C. Water-containing sulfates without foreign anions

With medium-sized cations
With very large and medium-sized cations
With very large cations

VI / D. Water-containing sulphates with foreign anions

With medium-sized cations
With very large and medium-sized cations

VI / E. Chromates

VI / F. Molybdates and tungstates

VII phosphates, arsenates, vanadates

The class of phosphates , arsenates , and vanadates includes all minerals with the anion complex [PO 4 ] 3− , [AsO 4 ] 3− or [VO 4 ] 3- .

The uranyl phosphates and vanadates are also sorted into this class .

VII / A. Anhydrous phosphates, arsenates and vanadates without foreign anions

Small cations (and others)
Medium-sized cations (and others)
Large cations (and others)

VII / B. Anhydrous phosphates, arsenates and vanadates with foreign anions

Small cations (and others)
Medium sized cations
Large cations (and others)

VII / C. Water-containing phosphates, arsenates and vanadates without foreign anions

VII / D. Hydrous phosphates, arsenates and vanadates with foreign anions

Family of uranyl phosphates, arsenates and vanadates

VII / E. Connections that differ from the island tetrahedron type

  • VII / E.01: Chervetit: Chervetit
  • VII / E.02: Kehoeit: Kehoeit (discredited as a mixture)

VIII Silicates and Germanates

The basic building block of the silicates are the [SiO 4 ] 4− tetrahedra, which are divided into corresponding departments according to their structurally characteristic type of linkage. The structurally similar germanates with the basic building block [GeO 4 ] 4− also belong to this class .

The class of silicates is further subdivided according to the degree of polymerization of the [SiO 4 ] tetrahedra into island silicates , group silicates , ring silicates , chain and band silicates , sheet silicates and tectosilicates .

VIII / A. Island silicates (nesosilicates)

With cations in tetrahedral coordination
With cations in octahedral coordination
With cations in octahedral and hexahedral coordination (etc.)
Zr-, Ti-, Nb-, Bi-silicates

VIII / A '. Neso-Subsilicates

With cations in tetrahedral coordination (etc.)
With cations in octahedral coordination (etc.)
Nesosilicates with BO 3 triangles or BO 4 tetrahedra etc.
Family of uranyl silicates

VIII / B. Group silicates (sorosilicates)

With Si 2 O 7 groups without anions foreign to the tetrahedron
With non-tetrahedral anions
With SiO 4 islands and Si 2 O 7 groups
With linear Si 3 O 10 groups

VIII / C. Ring silicates (cyclosilicates)

With rings of three [Si 3 O 9 ] 6−
With rings of four [Si 4 O 12 ] 8−
With double rings of four [Si 8 O 20 ] 8−
With rings of six [Si 6 O 18 ] 12−
With double six-rings [Si 12 O 30 ] 12−

VIII / D. Chain silicates and band silicates (inosilicates)

With chains of two [Si 2 O 6 ] 4− ∞
With double chains of two (bands) [Si 4 O 11 ] 6− ∞
With chains of three [Si 3 O 9 ] 6− ∞
With double triple chains [Si 6 O 17 ] 10− ∞ or ribbons [Si 6 O 15 ] 6− ∞
With chains of five [Si 5 O 15 ] 10− ∞
With seven chains [Si 7 O 21 ] 14− ∞
Heterogeneous chain types with different periodicity

VIII / D *. Transition structures to sheet silicates (phyllosilicates)

VIII / E. Layered silicates (phyllosilicates)

With tetragonal or pseudotetragonal layer structures
With pseudo-hexagonal and hexagonal layer structures
With tetrahedral double layers

VIII / F. Framework silicates (tectosilicates)

Without foreign anions
With foreign anions
Zeolite family

IX Organic Compounds

The class of organic compounds contains naturally formed salts of organic acids , aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons , nitrogen-containing compounds ( amides of organic acids or heterocycles ) and resins .

IX / A. Organic acid salts

IX / B. Hydrocarbons

IX / C. Resins

See also

Portal: Minerals  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the subject of minerals

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see also information on the scope and layout in the data records of the German National Library for the 6th ( DNB 780041399 ), 7th ( DNB 790196697 ) and 8th edition ( DNB 821074342 )
  2. ↑ Stefan Weiß: The large Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties. Status 03/2018 . 7th, completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-921656-83-9 .
  3. ↑ Mineral Atlas: Mineral classes according to Lapis
  4. ^ Hugo Strunz , Ernest H. Nickel : Strunz Mineralogical Tables. Chemical-structural Mineral Classification System . 9th edition. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagbuchhandlung (Nägele and Obermiller), Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-510-65188-X , p. 824 .
  5. ↑ a b c d e Stefan Weiss: The great Lapis mineral directory. All minerals from A - Z and their properties. Status 03/2018 . 7th, completely revised and supplemented edition. Weise, Munich 2018, ISBN 978-3-921656-83-9 .
  6. ^ Richmondite (of Kenngott). In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed April 8, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Bořickýite. In: mindat.org. Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, accessed April 10, 2019 .