Theresien-Gymnasium Munich

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Theresien-Gymnasium Munich
Theresien-Gymnasium Muenchen 1.JPG
type of school Humanistic and modern language grammar school
founding 1896/1897
address

Kaiser-Ludwig-Platz 3
80336 Munich

place Munich
country Bavaria
Country Germany
Coordinates 48 ° 7 '55 "  N , 11 ° 33' 23"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 7 '55 "  N , 11 ° 33' 23"  E
carrier state
student 615 As of the 2016/2017 school year
Teachers 51
management Gabriele Jahreiß-Walther
Website www.thg.musin.de

The State (formerly: Royal) Theresien-Gymnasium Munich (short: ThG ) is a humanistic and modern-language high school in Munich . The school is located on Kaiser-Ludwig-Platz in the Ludwigsvorstadt district (2nd district).

history

The foundation

Seal of the Royal Bavarian Rectorate of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich

The Theresien-Gymnasium was founded by Prinzregent Luitpold as the fifth gymnasium after the Luitpold-Gymnasium , the Ludwigsgymnasium , the Maximiliansgymnasium and the Wilhelms-Gymnasium and built in the years 1895 to 1897 because the four schools mentioned could no longer cope with the increase in the number of pupils . Munich already had 350,000 inhabitants in 1890 and the Luitpold-Gymnasium, which was closest to the school at the time, had to look after 1,100 pupils, "a unique case in Germany", according to the 1897 annual report. The architect was Emanuel von Seidl . Like the already existing high schools in Munich, the school was also given the name of a member of the ruling house. Prince Regent Luitpold named it in honor of his mother Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen , who also owes its name to the festival meadow in the immediate vicinity of the school .

At that time, the property on which the building was built was still "in a beautiful natural location" (opening address by the first Rector Nicklas) on the outskirts. The square in front of the building, named after the only emperor of the Wittelsbach family ( Ludwig the Bavarian ), was designed later. In 1900 the brewing entrepreneur Matthias Pschorr junior had the emperor's monument erected on the square in front of the school. The school opened for almost the entire first school year of 1896/1897: On September 1, 1896, Rector Johannes Nicklas, high school professor for German and ancient languages, took up his duties on the "orders of His Royal Highness the Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria". On September 18, 1896, the opening ceremony took place in the vestibule (staircase), as the gymnasium and festival hall was not completed until December 22nd. On the same day, lessons began for 668 students in 17 classes. On May 11, 1897, the Prince Regent visited the school, showing "particular interest" in the oil painting made by Prof. Rudolf Wimmer for His Highness. Today this painting hangs on the wall between the staff room and the office. Only on May 16 and 17, after the completion of the courtyard and garden, did the actual inauguration ceremonies take place with a festival in which the representatives of the four Munich high schools that already existed included the Theresien-Gymnasium in their circle.

Early school years

There was not a single girl among the 600 students; they were not allowed to attend higher educational establishments. For the first time in 1917 there were a few courageous young women who passed their Abitur at school, admittedly without having attended classes beforehand. So it happened that the 17 classes with which the school was opened were also taught exclusively by men, by high school teachers and high school professors, who had their husbands in front of classes with up to 47 students and that in school hours of 60 minutes, six days a week, mornings and afternoons. Nevertheless, the school operation was not dominated by stubborn drumming, which you could already see from the fact that the school had other attractions on offer in addition to all sorts of excursions, parties, exhibitions, etc. The school yard should create a botanical garden and that the respective products of the season will be displayed in the vestibule of the institution ”, it said in the first annual report. In winter the yard was converted into an ice rink“ for ice skating and curling ”with the help of a hydrant. The pupils of the higher grades “could use the tennis courts in the exhibition area on the Theresienhöhe for two hours on working days free of charge”. Later the school got its own tennis court in the rectorate garden.

In the first World War

World War I broke out two years after the founder's death . For many students from the upper classes, their school days came to an abrupt end. A memorial plaque on the first floor of the stairwell commemorates those students who did not return from the war. The students and teachers who remained at the school were severely impaired. It took years after the war until the school was able to fulfill its educational mandate undisturbed by the political turmoil of the post-war period, even if - in the "capital of the movement" - not for a long time.

1933 to 1945

The building survived the Second World War without any major bomb hits. But as in the First World War, many high school students did not come home this time either. If at the end of the school year 1910 9% of the students were Jews, in 1933 it was only 3%; In the first half of 1939, the last Jew, Bilski, left the grammar school.

Post-war until today

Theresien-Gymnasium Munich

After the war there was a great shortage of classrooms in Munich. Therefore, the undestroyed building of the Theresien-Gymnasium had to share two more schools in shift lessons : the Ludwigsgymnasium until 1953 and the Klenzegymnasium until 1961. As new, separate rooms are needed for music, chemistry and biology halls as well as for the rapidly growing proportion of girls in the school 1962–1964 the old gymnasium and its connecting wing to the main building (with the drawing room) were demolished and replaced by a functional new building. In January 1964 the new double gymnasium was opened for use and the special class wing was completed in February 1966. In spring 2006, construction work began on the new cafeteria in the break hall, which opened at the end of 2006.

principal

  • Johannes Nicklas (1896-1919)
  • Karl Hammerschmidt (1919-28)
  • Friedrich Weber (1928–36)
  • Franz Schalk (1936)
  • Paul Schulz (1937-45)
  • Anton Weiher (1945–51)
  • Albert Rupprecht (1951-67)
  • Paul Etzel (1967-74)
  • Erich Happ (1974-81)
  • Ludwig Thamm (1981-86)
  • Georg Schmidl (1986-92)
  • Hans Hötzl (1992-2001)
  • Rainer Baumgärtel (2001-2013)
  • Gabriele Jahreiß-Walther (since 2013)

History of the study seminars

The Theresien-Gymnasium Munich can look back on a long tradition as a training school for aspiring high school teachers. In 1904, a pedagogical and didactic seminar for candidate teachers was set up for the first time, at that time for the subjects of mathematics and physics (until 1928). This tradition of training was only interrupted during the First World War and in the period from 1936 to 1938. In the 1920s a seminar was set up for future gymnastics teachers , and in 1930/31 one for the classical languages ​​Latin and Greek, German and history. Probably the best-known seminar participant was Franz Josef Strauss in 1940/41 . After the Second World War, the number of subjects was briefly expanded to include music, art education, geography and biology (1946–49). After a consolidation phase, the following seminars were regularly trained at the school:

  • Sports male (1925–1961)
  • Latin (since 1930)
  • Greek (1930-2000)
  • German (since 1930)
  • History (1930–1986)
  • Music (since 1946)
  • Protestant religious teaching (1968–72)
  • English (1974–1986; established again since 2008)
  • Sport female (since 1978)
  • School Psychology (since 2008)

Personalities (former students, trainee teachers and teachers)

Former students of the Theresien-Gymnasium who achieved fame are not marked separately; Trainees and teachers, however, do.

  • Rudolf Buttmann (1855–1927), historian, politician (Liberal Association), teacher at the Theresien-Gymnasium
  • Karl Dyroff (1862–1938), orientalist and teacher at the Theresien-Gymnasium
  • Karl Hammerschmidt (1862-1932), politician and headmaster of the Theresien-Gymnasium (1919-1928)
  • Heinrich Ludwig Urlichs (1864–1935), classical archaeologist, classical philologist and teacher at the Theresien-Gymnasium (since 1902)
  • Ernst Bodensteiner (1869–1936), classical philologist, teacher at the Theresien-Gymnasium from 1908 to 1919
  • Ernst Wüst (1875–1959), classical philologist and teacher at the Theresien-Gymnasium (1906–1940)
  • Wilhelm Prandtl (1878–1956), important chemist (researcher of rare earths), professor at the University of Munich, impeachment and persecution of the family in 1937 because he was married to a Jewish woman
  • Franz Paul Wimmer (1878–1966), founder of the first German scout group, trainee lawyer at Theresien-Gymnasium
  • Alfred Einstein (1880–1952), music critic, Mozart biographer, Köchel directory editor (1937)
  • Rudolf Hackl (1881–1912), classical archaeologist
  • Kurt Riezler (1882–1955), diplomat, politician, philosopher
  • Franz Halder (1884–1972), Chief of the General Staff of the Army; since 1938 in the resistance against Hitler, witness for the prosecution at the Nuremberg trials
  • Otto Hipp (1885–1952) Mayor of Regensburg, deposed by the Nazis in 1933, 1st Bavarian Minister of Education after the Second World War
  • Franz von Hoeßlin (1885–1946), conductor, composer, opponent of the Nazis (conducting in Bayreuth and with the Berlin Philharmonic)
  • August Geislhöringer (1886–1963), politician of the Bavarian Party and Bavarian Interior Minister, involved in the casino affair from 1955–1959
  • Eberhard Hanfstaengl (1886–1973), art historian, General Director of the Bavarian State Painting Collections (1945–1953)
  • Anton Weiher (1886–1961), classical philologist, teacher, Rector of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich (1945–1951)
  • Hermann Finsterlin (1887–1973) painter, poet, essayist, game designer and composer; his utopian architectural visions influenced the art generation after the First World War
  • Ferdinand Wagenseil (1887–1967), anatomist, anthropologist (staunch opponent of the racial theory of the Third Reich)
  • Norbert von Hellingrath (1888–1916), classical philologist, Germanist, rediscoverer and publisher of Hölderlin
  • Alfred Jodl (1890–1946), Chief of the Wehrmacht Command Staff in the Wehrmacht High Command. Sentenced to death and executed in the Nuremberg Trials
  • Ernst Buchner (1892–1962), art historian
  • Otto Gademann (1892–1971), lawyer
  • Hugo Lang (1892–1967), Roman Catholic theologian, monk and abbot in the monastery of St. Boniface
  • Justin Thannhauser (1892–1976) son of the Munich gallery owner Heinrich Thannhauser, art collector and gallery owner. In exile he donated his famous collection to the Guggenheim Museum in New York
  • Friedrich Weber (1892–1955) veterinarian. Member of the Freikorps Oberland, participant in the Hitler putsch of 1923. 1934 "Reichsführer der Deutschen Tierärzte"
  • Siegfried Rosengart (1894–1985), nephew of H. Thannhauser; Art dealers and collectors; Founder of the Rosengart Collection
  • Eugen Roth (1895–1976), humorous poet
  • Ernst Udet (1896–1941), fighter pilot in World War I, Colonel General during the Nazi era, role model for General Harras in Zuckmayer's Des Teufels General
  • Karl Löwith (1897–1973), philosopher of history
  • Max Riederer von Paar (1897–1964), lawyer, landowner and politician (CSU)
  • Peter Hecker (1899–1989), politician (CSU), district administrator of the Munich district
  • Hermann Heimpel (1901–1988), historian, director of the Max Planck Institute in Göttingen, chairman of the German Rectors' Conference
  • Albrecht Haushofer (1903–1945), geographer, diplomat, resistance fighter (Moabiter sonnets)
  • Josef Schormüller (1903–1974), food chemist
  • Oscar Fritz Schuh (1904–1984), dramaturge, director, artistic director
  • Wolfgang Graeser (1906–1928), violinist, music researcher and mathematician
  • Ernst Müller-Meiningen (1908-2006), journalist
  • Hans Erwin von Spreti-Weilbach (1908–1934), politician (NSDAP)
  • Hans Hotter (1909–2003), bass-baritone (Munich, Vienna, Bayreuth)
  • Peter Friedrich Matzen (1909–1986), surgeon and orthopedist
  • Rudolf Oldenbourg (1910–1986), head of the Oldenbourg publishing house
  • Hans Sauerbruch (1910–1996), painter and illustrator, son of the surgeon Ferdinand Sauerbruch
  • Leonhard Goppel (1911–1973), Protestant theologian
  • Hans-Joachim Kißling (1912–1985), orientalist and Turkologist
  • Rudolf Aschenauer (1913–1983), lawyer
  • Franz Josef Strauss (1915–1988), politician, trainee lawyer at Theresien-Gymnasium (1940–1941)
  • Franz Wipplinger (1915–1944), candidate for priesthood in the Archdiocese of Munich and Freising, soldier in World War II; Sentenced to death for his critical stance on National Socialism ("Wehrkraftzersetzung") and executed on October 24, 1944
  • Adolf Hartmut Gärtner (1916–2017), music teacher and choir director
  • Walter Oldenbourg (1916–2000), head of the Oldenbourg publishing house
  • Heinz Gollwitzer (1917–1999), historian
  • Hermann Linde (1917–2015), physicist and manager
  • Ernst Otto Fischer (1918–2007), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1973)
  • Wolf von Ausin (1925–2010), lawyer
  • Theo Brand (1925–2016), composer, music teacher and organist
  • Wolfgang Unzicker (1925–2006), chess grandmaster, seven-time German chess master
  • Josef Werner Bauer (1926–2013), politician (CSU), district administrator of the Neumarkt district in the Upper Palatinate
  • Richard Schaeffler (1926–2019), philosopher
  • Willibald Glas (* 1927), pastor, forced to retire because of his book The Pastor of Arget
  • Otto Meitinger (1927–2017), architect, reconstructor of the Munich Residence, President of the Technical University of Munich
  • Reinhold Kreile (* 1929), lawyer and politician (CSU)
  • Walter Habdank (1930–2001), painter
  • Heinz Pichlmaier (1930–2019), surgeon, recipient of the Paracelsus Medal
  • Elmar Gruber (1931–2011), Catholic pastor and spiritual writer
  • Karl Daumer (* 1932), biologist, teacher at Theresien-Gymnasium (until 1995)
  • Gerhard Sterr (1933–2011), band leader of the Dixieland jazz band Hot Dogs and painter of surrealistic images
  • Winfried Zehetmeier (1933–2019), artist, politician (CSU), 2nd Mayor of Munich
  • Conrad Schroeder (1933–2006), politician (CDU), high school diploma in 1955
  • Karlheinz Summerer (1934–2013), Roman Catholic pastor
  • Joachim Gruber (* 1937) classical philologist, trainee lawyer at Theresien-Gymnasium
  • Hans Kolo (* 1937), politician (SPD)
  • Helmut Zöpfl (* 1937), dialect poet, teacher and university professor
  • Dieter Oesterhelt (* 1940), chemist
  • Eugen Graber (* 1944), politician (CSU)
  • Rainer Werner Fassbinder (1945–1982), director, film producer, actor and author
  • Reinhard Wieczorek (* 1945), lawyer, politician (SPD), economic advisor for the city of Munich
  • Karl Betz (* 1947), musician
  • Konstantin Wecker (* 1947), composer, songwriter
  • Florian Hufnagl (1948–2019), Director of the New Collection, State Museum for Applied Arts Munich; Professor at the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich
  • Hans Well (* 1953), member of the Bavarian music and cabaret group Biermösl Blosn
  • Volkher Häusler (* 1958), conductor and church musician
  • Franz Pienßel (1959-2016), politician (CSU)
  • Aribert Wolf (* 1959), politician (CSU)
  • Hermann Brem (* 1961), politician (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
  • Christine Strobl (* 1961), politician (SPD)

Worth mentioning

A large part of the vocal ensemble Nostalphoniker , which is popular in Munich, attended the Theresien-Gymnasium and also played an active part in the school choir there.

literature

  • Insight prospects 100 years Theresien-Gymnasium Munich 1896–1996.
  • Max Bucher: The Theresien-Gymnasium and its famous students . In: Annual report of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich 2008/2009.
  • Hermann Heimpel: Half the violin. A youth in the royal seat of Munich . Stuttgart 1949. (Chapter 11 of the autobiographical novel describes in detail the "Königliche Theresien-Gymnasium" and its teachers.)
  • Oscar Fritz Schuh: It was like that - was it like that? Notes and memories of a theater man . Berlin / Frankfurt / M. / Vienna 1980, pp. 11–13, 19–20, 22. (The author goes into detail about his experiences at the Theresien-Gymnasium.)
  • Max Bucher: History of the study seminars at the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich. Part I. Munich 2010.
  • Max Bucher: Queen Therese of Bavaria and the Theresien-Gymnasium. The story of a non-relationship (and its happy ending). In: Annual report of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich 2009/10.
  • Max Bucher: Image interpretation of the painting "Therese von Bayern. 1812" by JP Langer. In: Annual report of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich 2010/11.
  • Max Bucher: "The coin collection of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich. A foundation from the school years 1897/98 and 1898/99". In: "Annual report of the Theresien-Gymnasium Munich 2012/13", pp. 94–114.

Web links

Commons : Theresien-Gymnasium  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Bavarian State Ministry for Education and Culture, Science and Art. Retrieved March 7, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Schroeder, Conrad. In: leo-bw.de. Retrieved December 20, 2017 .