Kelsterbach substation
| Kelsterbach substation | ||
|---|---|---|
 View of the old substation before the construction of the northwest runway (2006) |
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| Data | ||
| place | Kelsterbach | |
| Client | Rheinisch-Westfälisches Elektrizitätswerk | |
| Construction year | 1926, 2007 | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 2 '52.6 " N , 8 ° 31' 54.1" E | |
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The Kelsterbach substation (also called Kelsterbach substation or Kelsterbach station ) is a substation and switchgear in the German state of Hesse . It comprises the voltage levels 380 and 110 kV and is therefore part of the German extra-high voltage network.
Due to its location on the site of the new northwest runway in the immediate vicinity of Frankfurt Airport , the plant, originally built as a 220/110 kV open-air system, had to be completely demolished and rebuilt slightly offset outside the airport site. The previously used voltage level of 220 kV was replaced by 380 kV and a space-saving indoor switchgear was built instead of an open-air system.
location
The substation is located in the urban area of Kelsterbach in the Hessian district of Groß-Gerau . The city center of Frankfurt am Main is located about 10 km to the northeast . The area of the north-west runway at Frankfurt Airport, which went into operation in 2011, borders directly on the facility, the fencing of which also forms the southern boundary of the facility area. Due to the resulting height restrictions, all incoming 380 and 110 kV lines are laid as underground cables . The cable transfer station for two 380 kV circuits is located about 900 m north-west of the plant.
history
planning
The construction of the Kelsterbach substation is related to the network planning of the Rheinisch-Westfälische Elektrizitätswerk (RWE) in the 1920s. It was supposed to connect the coal-fired power plants in the Rhineland with various power plants in southern Germany and the reservoirs in the Alps. This project was based on the idea of technical director Arthur Koepchen that a long-term, secure power supply could only develop within the framework of a supra-regional network with a large number of regional power plants.
As a first step, RWE took over the majority in Elektrizitäts-AG, formerly W. Lahmeyer & Co., and thereby acquired stakes in some energy supply companies in southern Germany, including Main-Kraftwerke AG in Höchst am Main . Since 1911, it has operated a thermal power station on the banks of the Main in Höchst and subsequently developed into the region's most important electricity supplier. Initially, a total of 28 communities in the area were supplied with electricity from the power plant. After commissioning another machine in 1913, the output of the power plant was increased to a total of 9 MW.
When the plans were being drawn up to connect the individual energy suppliers and their power grids to the RWE interconnector to be built, a connection at Kelsterbach to the Main power plant and its supply network was planned as early as 1923, at the very beginning of planning. The planning carried out later included a two-circuit overhead line from Brauweiler near Cologne via Koblenz , Kelsterbach, Mannheim - Rheinau , Ludwigsburg - Hoheneck and Herbertingen to Bludenz . A branch from Herbertingen to Tiengen represents the connection to the hydropower plants in Switzerland , on the Upper Rhine and in the southern Black Forest .
Establishment
From 1924, after extensive test runs, construction of the interconnector began. Right from the start, the masts of this line were dimensioned for possible operation with the previously unused voltage level of 380 kV. At the same time, a total of six transformer stations for 220 kV were built, as it was initially planned to operate the line with this voltage, with which RWE had already gained experience on a test track set up the previous year . As a result, a switchgear and transformer station for the voltage levels 220 and 110 kV was built in the Kelsterbach Forest.
Like the other substations on the line, the Kelsterbach plant was built according to a uniform switching scheme. The executing company was Siemens-Schuckertwerke , which at the time had enough production capacity and financial strength for this order. The power transformers had a total output of 60,000 kVA. Display and control instruments were also supplied. The area used by the open-air facility was around 10 hectares.
In 1926 the system was completed and the interconnector was already operational in some sections. However, for the section northwest of Kelsterbach beyond the Main crossing, disputes arose with the Free State of Prussia and the state-owned Prussian Electricity AG , which wanted to supply the Rhine-Main area with their own lines from the Borken power station . It was only when the disputed delivery areas were set down in the so-called electrical peace in 1927 that the Prussian state granted the necessary permits for further construction. This enabled the Koblenz – Kelsterbach – Rheinau – Hoheneck section to go into operation with an initial 110 kV.
With the commissioning of the Brauweiler substation and the main switchboard of the RWE on October 28, 1928, the entire northern section of the line was already in operation with 110 kV. A year later, on October 12, 1929, the line was switched to 220 kV. The network operation between Rhenish coal power and Vorarlberg hydropower was able to start on April 17, 1930 along the entire route.
A short circuit in the plant on April 13, 1976 caused the power grid to collapse as far as Austria.
From May 2001 to November 2002 the substation was converted to remote-controlled control technology.
links
In order to connect the network of the Main power plants to that of the RWE, a two-circuit 110 kV line was built between the Höchst power plant and the Kelsterbach substation, which is still in operation today.
A connection could also be established with the PreussenElektra network by installing a two-circuit 110 kV line from Kelsterbach to the Wölfersheim power plant .
The power plant Dettingen the HEAG in Lower Franconia , northwest of Aschaffenburg , fed into the HEAG network for since 1917 Darmstadt one. With the construction of the Kelsterbach transformer station in 1926 , another two-circuit 110 kV line was built from Dettingen to Kelsterbach, with a branch to the Darmstadt transformer station . In addition to the connection to Bayernwerk via Aschaffenburg, this line usually served as a reserve for the direct connection between Dettingen and Darmstadt.
In the mid-1930s, RWE built a two-circuit 220 kV line from the Koepchenwerk near Herdecke, which went into operation in 1930, as a supplementary north-south route, which ran across the Sauerland and Siegerland , the Westerwald and the Taunus and to Kelsterbach substation was connected. Another supplementary line began in the Kelsterbach substation and led through the Odenwald to Schönbrunn am Neckar , where it branched out and led to the Mannheim-Rheinau and Ludwigsburg-Hoheneck substations. The electrical energy of the Neckar barrages between Heilbronn and Mannheim was taken over this line .
Another line designed for 220 kV, which still exists today, leads to the Opel factory in Rüsselsheim .
After the Second World War , after the 220 kV Reichsammelschiene in Bavaria was separated from the rest of the German 220 kV network, the Bayernwerk established a connection from Ludersheim to Borken in cooperation with PreussenElektra . On the basis of an electricity supply contract from 1949, the Aschaffenburg substation on the Ludersheim – Borken line built a 220 kV line to Kelsterbach, which was put into operation in 1950.
Simultaneously with the construction of the line to Aschaffenburg, with the expansion of the airport to the west, the lines leading to the south were relocated a few kilometers to the west. First, it ran west along the A3 along and then to low single-plane poles to the south. After bypassing the airport they swiveled to the east until they met the original route again at the Riedbahn . With the construction of the West Runway in the 1980s, the lines had to be moved a little further south.
Planning not carried out
PreussenElektra's plans provided for a 220 kV north-south rail that would run from Hamburg via Hanover and Kassel to Kelsterbach. Until 1929, however, only a section from the Edersee ( pumped storage power plant Waldeck ) via the Borken power plant to the Lehrte substation near Hanover was realized as a 220 kV Lehrte – Borken line .
modification
In the course of the conversion of the German high-voltage network from 220 to 380 kV voltage, almost the entire transmission network in the Rhine-Main area was completely restructured. In 2002, a 380 kV system went into operation in Kriftel , which replaced Kelsterbach as the central network junction, especially since the Kelsterbach system could not be expanded due to the limited space available. Since this was also located on the area reserved for the construction of the northwest runway , it had to be relocated. Furthermore, the Höchst power plant was shut down in 1999 due to unprofitability.
As a replacement, a new substation was built right on the edge of the runway, construction of which began in January 2005. Due to height restrictions in the immediate vicinity of the system, all incoming lines had to be installed as underground cables, which, after a distance of a few hundred meters from the system, go over to the existing overhead lines at terminal masts . A total of nine kilometers of 220 kV and around 20 kilometers of 110 kV underground cables were laid and around 20 kilometers of old overhead lines dismantled.
After a 220 kV direct connection from Marxheim via Bischofsheim and Trebur to Pfungstadt was set up in 2005 and the Limburg substation was connected to a 380 kV line, some old 220 kV lines to Kelsterbach could be dismantled. The remaining 220 kV circuits are no longer connected to the system, but are tied through as underground cables from Urberach to Höchst.
The new 380 kV system was completed in August 2006. A 960 m long gas-insulated pipeline was laid to connect it to the pipeline network . It is the largest such facility in Europe. Starting in February 2007, the system was gradually put into operation with the connection of the underground cables, initially at the 110 kV level. Since June 2001, the operation of the 110 kV lines has been the responsibility of the newly created company Süwag Energie .
In 2009, the 380 kV connection line from Marxheim was completed, which uses the route of the old network line to Koblenz. It ends at a cable transfer station, from where the two electrical circuits are fed into the 380 kV switchgear as gas-insulated underground cables. Due to their proximity to the airport, the masts are painted red and white and have lights .
Today the plant is operated by Amprion GmbH , which has been independent since 2009 .
Transfer of the 380 kV circuits to gas-insulated pipelines
End mast for two 220 kV circuits. These no longer end in the substation, but run past it as underground cables
Underground 110 kV line and the northwest runway in operation
business
technical structure
Today's switchgear is a gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) in an encapsulated design. The electrical components are not isolated by the surrounding air, as in an outdoor switchgear, but by sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6 ) in pipes. The advantage of this design is a compact design and the possibility of implementing switchgear for maximum voltage indoors. The area of the current system as a GIS is only around tenth compared to the earlier outdoor switchgear.
380 kV switchgear
110 kV switchgear
Cable entry for 380 kV
380 kV tensioning mast and 110 kV end masts
Connected circuits
The following line connections are currently connected to the Kelsterbach substation:
| Network operator | tension | Name of the circuit | Route (site number) |
Destination / station | Construction year | Cardinal direction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Amprion |
380 kV | Trebur North | 4503 | Point Marxheim → Kriftel | 2009 | west |
| Kelsterbach North | Point Marxheim → Bischofsheim | |||||
| Western network | 110 kV | Messel North | 0108 | Walldorf → Mörfelden → Langen → Urberach | 1926 | south |
| Well lane | ||||||
| Syna | 110 kV | |||||
| Ruesselsheim West | 2329 | Rüsselsheim ( Opel ) | west | |||
| Rüsselsheim East | ||||||
| Kriftel North | Kriftel | |||||
| Kriftel South | ||||||
| Most west | 3018 | Höchst power plant | Northeast | |||
| Most east |
The electrical circuits Schwanheim West and Schwanheim Ost run directly past the facility as underground cables to cross under the runway . They run south of the substation on two separate line routes (2330 and 2337) in the direction of Urberach and north-west on a common linkage in the route to Höchst (2337). Before the renovation, these circuits were connected to the substation.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Industriezerfall.de: Coal Power Plant Höchst (MKW). Retrieved October 21, 2017 .
- ↑ a b City of Kelsterbach: State-of-the-art technology installed in the new substation. Retrieved March 20, 2017 .
- ↑ Norbert Gilson: The error as the basis of success. The RWE and the implementation of the economic calculation of the Verbundwirtschaft up to the 1930s, in: Helmut Maier (Ed.): Electricity Industry Between Environment, Technology and Politics: Aspects from 100 Years of RWE History 1898–1998, Freiberg 1999, p. 82 .
- ↑ Theo Horstmann, Klaus Kleinekorte: electricity for Europe - 75 years RWE main control Brauweiler from 1928 to 2003 . Klartext Verlag Essen 2003
- ^ Institute for Urban History : C13. April 1976. Retrieved March 20, 2017 .
- ↑ TESSAG retrofits high-voltage switchgear for 4.7 million euros - LISA control technology controls systems from RWE Net. RWE AG, January 22, 2001, accessed on October 26, 2017 .
- ^ HEAG: Chronicle 1912–2012. (PDF) Retrieved July 30, 2018 .
- ↑ Gas-insulated transmission lines. Retrieved March 20, 2017 .