Belarusian armed forces

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Flag of Belarus.svg Belarusian Armed Forces
Узброеныя сілы Рэспублікі Беларусь
Armed Forces of Belarus emblem.png
guide
Commander in Chief : Aljaksandr Lukashenka
Defense Minister: Viktar Henadsevich Chrenin
Military Commander: Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Walfovich
Military strength
Active soldiers: 54,000 (2018)
Reservists: 344,000
Conscription: 10.5 months
Eligibility for military service: 18-27
household
Military budget: $ 1,984,794,000 (2012)
Share of gross domestic product : 1.4% (2005)
history
Founding: 1992

The Belarusian Armed Forces ( Belarusian Узброеныя сілы Беларусі , Usbrojenyja sily Belarusi) are divided into the Belarusian Army and the Belarusian Air Force . You are under the command of the Minister of Defense.

history

The Army of Belarus was formed after the country gained independence in 1992 from the troops of the Belarusian Military District of the Soviet Union . Around 70 percent of the officers were Russians or Ukrainians at the time . With the restructuring of the armed forces into main defense forces as the central core of reservist units and the establishment of a fast mobile reaction force , there were repeated financial problems. The aim was to raise 75,000 soldiers.

On January 11, 1992 the Belarusian parliament decided to subordinate all former Soviet troops on the state territory to its own command and to set up a defense ministry. The strategic troops, which were supposed to return to Russia along with the tactical nuclear weapons , were an exception . On February 4, 1992, Parliament ratified the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (Treaty for the Reduction of Strategic Nuclear Weapons).

Intercontinental ballistic missiles of the type RS-12M Topol (NATO code: SS-25 Sickle) were stationed in Belarus until 1996

On March 20, 1992, the new armed forces of the Republic of Belarus were officially formed. In April 1992 Belarus became the first of the successor states of the Soviet Union to sign the Paris Charter of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE).

After Aljaksandr Lukashenka came to power on July 21, 1994, Anatoly Kostenko took over the post of Minister of Defense. Due to allegations of corruption in the leadership of the armed forces, Kostenko resigned in June 1995.

In return for a rather small loan of 25 million euros in favor of Belarus, a lease agreement was signed with Russia on January 8, 1995, which allows the Russian armed forces to use military facilities and bases in Belarus until 2020. On January 11, 1995, Belarus also accepted NATO's offer of military cooperation within the framework of the Partnership for Peace (PfP). In February 1995 the Belarusian government suspended the implementation of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) from 1990 due to financial problems and only ratified the 1999 agreement in Istanbul on the adaptation of the CFE Treaty in 2004.

Until December 1995 were 63 intercontinental ballistic missiles of the type (NATO code: SS-25 Sickle) RS-12M Topol from Belarus pulled off. The last two operational mobile regiments with around 18 nuclear missiles were relocated to Russia by the end of 1996.

In January 1997, the previous Chief of Staff Chumakov took over the office of the previous Minister of Defense, but was unable to make any progress in building the military infrastructure. The operational readiness of the weapon systems was also not completely established. According to western information, only around a third of the 130 fighter aircraft in Belarus were operational.

On December 19, 1997, another treaty between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on military cooperation and the Agreement on the Joint Guarantee of Regional Security in the Military Area was concluded. On January 22, 1998, at a meeting of the Supreme Council of the Russian-Belarusian Union in Moscow, agreement was reached on a concept for the common defense policy. Since the force reform in 2001 there have been two territorial commands in Hrodna (formerly the seat of the 28th Army) and Baryssau (formerly the 65th Army).

In June 2006, a major Russian-Belarusian maneuver with 8,800 soldiers was held. In November 2006, Russia delivered used S-300PS anti-aircraft missile systems to the Belarusian armed forces. The defense budget in the same year was $ 421 million.

As part of a joint CIS air defense system, Russia maintains a “Volga” -type radar station near Baranavichy , which is also used to detect ballistic missiles. In addition, both sides have closely coordinated their arms industries and exports.

In February 2008 negotiations were held with Russia to acquire the modern long -range surface-to-air missile system S-400 Triumf (SA-21 Growler) for combating combat aircraft and cruise missiles at all altitudes.

organization

Belarus and Russia work very closely together militarily. In the event of an attack on Belarus, the country would take over the air defense, while Russia would take over the operational command of the land forces. The armed forces of Belarus would then be led by a joint high command led by a Russian general from the group of Russian troops in Kaliningrad .

In 2007, the target strength of the armed forces was around 72,940 soldiers, of which 18,170 were in the air force. The number of reservists (service in the last 5 years) amounts to 290,000 men, these are called up annually for two-month exercises. The active service period for conscripts is 9 to 12 months.

army

The land forces comprise 29,600 soldiers.

Directly subordinate to the Ministry of Defense is a special forces brigade , two brigades with surface-to-surface missiles (including 60 R-17s (Scud) ) and a telecommunications brigade .

The army is divided into three commands:

  • Operative Command West with
    • two independent armored personnel carriers
    • two artillery regiments
    • a rocket artillery regiment
    • a pioneer regiment
    • an anti-aircraft regiment
  • Operative Command Northwest with
    • an independent armored personnel carrier brigade
    • an anti-aircraft brigade
    • two artillery regiments
    • a rocket artillery regiment

equipment

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.
Belarusian T-72B
Belarusian BTR-D with ZU-23-2 cannon
Belarusian BMD-1 armored personnel carrier

The equipment of the land forces of the Republic of Belarus is essentially of Soviet or Russian origin:

  • 1407 T-72 B, T-72B3 and T-72M main battle tanks
  • 96 main battle tanks T-80 B and T-80BW

Small stocks of T-62 and T-54 medium tanks are also still available.

Armored personnel carrier:

Armored personnel carriers:

Artillery pieces:

Multiple rocket launchers:

Anti-aircraft missile systems: A total of around 350 different types:

Air Force

Belarusian Su-27UBM in August 2009, during a training flight in front of the Radom Air Show 2009. On the second day of the event, the aircraft crashed, both pilots were killed.

The air force of Belarus with 18,170 soldiers lacks modern equipment and intensive training of the pilots, which is due to the low defense budget. In December 2001, the two areas of Air Force (WWS) and Air Defense (PWO) were merged.

The most important air force bases are in Baranavichy and Bereza .

The air force units include:

  • two interceptor bases
  • a bomber / scout base
  • a fighter-bomber base
  • a mixed air base
  • an independent helicopter base
  • an attack helicopter base
  • three more helicopter bases

equipment

Most of the air forces have equipment from the former Soviet Union or Russia. Other supplier countries in recent years are Poland and the Ukraine.

In May 2011, the chairman of the State Defense Industry Committee, Sergei Gurulev, announced that Belarus intends to modernize its air force with new MiG-35 and Su-30 aircraft and is also considering purchasing Iskander short-range missiles .

literature

Web links

Commons : Belarusian Armed Forces  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ «Увеличение численности белорусской армии - реакция на кризис безопасности в резопасности в регислионе» Ценехо , 22.03.2018
  2. ↑ 2018 Belarus Military Strength . Archived from the original on October 19, 2018. Retrieved November 1, 2018.
  3. ^ [1] World Factbook on the Belarusian Armed Forces. Accessed December 7, 2012
  4. ↑ Belarus upgrades T-72s
  5. ↑ IISS: The Military Balance 2018, p. 186
  6. ↑ Brothers in Arms: Moscow hands over old fighter jets to Minsk on Russia News ( Memento from September 26, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on September 27, 2012.
  7. ↑ Belarus covers up with fighters and short-range missiles on RIA Novosti , accessed on May 5, 2011.