Weickartshain

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Weickartshain
City of Grünberg
Coordinates: 50 ° 34 ′ 50 ″  N , 9 ° 1 ′ 2 ″  E
Height : 307 m above sea level NHN
Area : 6.12 km²
Residents : 584  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 95 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 1970
Postal code : 35305
Area code : 06400
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Districts of Grünberg

Weickartshain is a rural village with around 600 inhabitants in the town of Grünberg in the central Hessian district of Gießen .

Geographical location

Weickartshain is a district of Grünberg and is located in Upper Hesse in the Gießen district . The place is located at 311 m above sea level 1 km above the Seenbachtal about 25 km east of Giessen at the foot of the Vogelsberg . The neighboring towns are Stockhausen , Lardenbach , Freienseen and Lauter . The core town of Grünberg is about 5 km to the west, the town of Laubach about 8 km to the south-east.

history

The oldest known written mention of Weickartshain was in 1443 under the name Wikandeshain in a fiefdom letter from Seybold von Winthusen. However, the place is likely to be older, due to the ore mining and the finding of racing furnaces in the district, but the written information is missing. In 1526 the Reformation began in Weickartshain , from 1634 to 1875 all baptisms, marriages and deaths had to be recorded in the parish register of Merlau, since Weickartshain was part of this parish . The Thirty Years War initially spared the small village hidden in the woods away from the major military roads. But at the end of the cruel struggle, the plague that followed the war also came to Weickartshain in 1635 , killing 42 people. According to the legend, only 3 women survived, whose names are still preserved today as field names in the district.

While the students had to go to school in Flensungen in summer and winter, that changed in 1685 when the municipality hired its own teacher. However, the school expenses still had to be paid to the parish school in Merlau. This did not change until 1834. However, the schoolhouse, which had been built with great effort, was reduced to a poor and shepherd's house. In 1837 a yard was bought and converted into a school house. Three years later the barn was converted into a morgue and prayer room. But only in 1842, when the building got a bell tower, one could speak of a church.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Weickartshain in 1830:

"Weickartshain (L. Bez. Grünberg) evangel. Branch village; is 1 St. von Grünbergm has 60 houses and 347 inhabitants, all of whom are Protestant. Most of the inhabitants belong to the peasant class. "

Weickartshain was connected to the railway network as early as 1903. In 1921 it was decided to build an electricity line and on January 26, 1922 the lights in Weickartshain were switched on for the first time. In 1931 the dilapidated church was replaced by a stone church.

Evangelical Church from 1932

After the Second World War , the population rose to 710 as a result of the influx of war and post-war displaced persons. The procurement of sufficient living space became a problem, which was solved by designating a large building area on the Seenbach (the so-called lake bridge). Shortly thereafter, the railway was stopped again. The station building is now a residential building, the embankment a popular hiking trail.

In 1951, a local pumping station was built in the Seenbachtal, which to this day provides the residents with first-class drinking water .

After 1945, life in the rural village changed considerably. Until now the inhabitants were mainly engaged in agriculture and animal husbandry, but now a modest industry has been established. Iron ore mining, a shop fitting company and a dairy gave the people work and bread. However, that didn't last long. As early as the end of the 1950s, many citizens left the place and looked for work elsewhere. The population level is around 600 citizens. It was not until the arrival of repatriates at the beginning of the 1990s that today's population was reached.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the community Weickartshain was incorporated into the city of Grünberg on December 31, 1970 on a voluntary basis.

From 1977 to 1980 a village community center was built with an enormous amount of personal contribution, which is available to all clubs and residents for every kind of celebration.

Iron ore open pit mining

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etymology

The ore finds in the district are reflected in the name. The spelling at that time was probably "Wychartzhain", which roughly corresponds to the designation of soft ore forests. Here, brown iron ore was found above ground - that is, "soft" - and mined in an open pit .

The ore extracted in this way was brought to the washing facility on the lake bridge by cable car, where it was washed and the raw ore obtained in this way was loaded into rail freight cars. The earth parts were deposited on the so-called mud pond . The mud pond is still there today and serves as a recreational area. The ore mines existed until the 1940s. A sudden inrush of water from a drilled spring quickly filled the pit and formed a pond. In addition, the share of ore decreased more and more. As a result, the funding was completely stopped in 1943/44.

The site was expanded into a local recreation area in the 1970s and today there is a barbecue hut here; a campsite is also available.

Meanwhile, the "Erzweg Süd" also runs through the district and Weickartshain Switzerland . The history of iron ore mining can be clearly followed on this hiking trail.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Weickartshain was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Law

Substantive law

In Weickartshain, the town and official custom of Grünberg was a particular right . The Common Law was only included if the office I do not need regulations. This special law of old tradition retained its validity during the affiliation to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the 19th century, until it was replaced on January 1, 1900 by the civil code that was uniformly valid throughout the German Empire .

Court constitution since 1803

In the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt , the judicial system was reorganized in an executive order of December 9, 1803. The “Hofgericht Gießen” was set up as a court of second instance for the province of Upper Hesse . The jurisdiction of the first instance was carried out by the offices or the landlords and thus the "Amt Grünberg" was responsible for Weickartshain. The court court was the second instance court for normal civil disputes, and the first instance for civil family law cases and criminal cases. The superior court of appeal in Darmstadt was superordinate .

With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in 1806, this function was retained, while the tasks of the first instance were transferred to the newly created regional courts in 1821 as part of the separation of jurisdiction and administration. “ Landgericht Grünberg ” was therefore the name of the court of first instance that was responsible for Weickartshain from 1821 to 1879.

On the occasion of the introduction of the Courts Constitution Act with effect from October 1, 1879, as a result of which the previous grand-ducal Hessian regional courts were replaced by local courts in the same place, while the newly created regional courts now functioned as higher courts, the name was changed to "Amtsgericht Grünberg" and assigned to the district of the regional court of Giessen . On July 1, 1968, the Grünberg District Court was dissolved, and Weickartshain was added to the Gießen District Court . In the Federal Republic of Germany, the superordinate instances are the Regional Court of Giessen , the Higher Regional Court of Frankfurt am Main and the Federal Court of Justice as the last instance.

population

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1577: 018 house seats
• 1630: 011 two-horse farmers, 10 single-horse farm workers, 4 one-horse  men
• 1669: 071 souls
• 1742: 001 clergyman / official, 37 subjects, 17 young teams, no byes / Jews
• 1791: 217 inhabitants
• 1800: 248 inhabitants
• 1806: 251 inhabitants, 54 houses
• 1829: 347 inhabitants, 60 houses
• 1867: 312 inhabitants, 59 inhabited buildings
• 1875: 363 inhabitants, 63 inhabited buildings
Weickartshain: Population from 1791 to 2019
year     Residents
1791
  
 217
1800
  
 248
1806
  
 251
1829
  
 347
1834
  
 347
1840
  
 378
1846
  
 362
1852
  
 419
1858
  
 407
1864
  
 342
1871
  
 369
1875
  
 363
1885
  
 332
1895
  
 356
1905
  
 398
1910
  
 435
1925
  
 417
1939
  
 441
1946
  
 645
1950
  
 673
1956
  
 621
1961
  
 556
1967
  
 532
1970
  
 580
1987
  
 611
2003
  
 628
2011
  
 627
2015
  
 560
2019
  
 584
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; From 1970: City of Grünberg :; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1830: 347 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1961: 466 Protestant (= 83.81%), 89 Roman Catholic (= 16.00%) residents

Gainful employment

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1961: Labor force: 113 agriculture and forestry, 119 prod. Trade, 30 trade, transport and communication, 26 services and other.

Regular events

The Kulturring Weickartshain organizes a village festival every two years together with the associations.

literature

Web links

Commons : Weickartshain  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c population figures. In: Internet presence. City of Grünberg, archived from the original ; accessed in April 2020 . (Data from archive)
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Weickartshain, District of Giessen. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of January 15, 2019). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 311 ( online at google books ).
  4. ↑ Karl-Heinz Meier barley, Karl Reinhard Hinkel: Hesse. Municipalities and counties after the regional reform. A documentation . Ed .: Hessian Minister of the Interior. Bernecker, Melsungen 1977, DNB  770396321 , OCLC 180532844 , p. 294 .
  5. ↑ Description of the Erzring Süd and Erzweg Mitte hiking trails at www.erzwanderweg.de (Kulturring Weickartshain eV)
  6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  8. ^ The affiliation of the office Grünberg based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hessen : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604–1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567–1866 .
  9. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 13 ff ., § 26 point d) III. ( Online at google books ).
  10. ↑ Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 8 ( online at google books ).
  11. ↑ a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  256 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  12. ↑ Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 419 ( online at Google Books ).
  13. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 67, note 40 and p. 103.
  14. ^ Ordinance on the implementation of the German Courts Constitution Act and the Introductory Act to the Courts Constitution Act of May 14, 1879 . In: Grand Duke of Hesse and the Rhine (ed.): Grand Ducal Hessian Government Gazette. 1879 no. 15 , p. 197–211 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 17.8 MB ]).
  15. ↑ Second law amending the Court Organization Act (Amends GVBl. II 210–16) of February 12, 1968 . In: The Hessian Minister of Justice (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1968 No. 4 , p. 41–44 , Article 1, Paragraph 2 a) and Article 2, Paragraph 4 d) ( online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 298 kB ]).
  16. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  197 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  17. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  212 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  18. ↑ Housing spaces 1867 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 119 ( online at google books ).
  19. ↑ Residential places 1875 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 11 ( online at google books ).
  20. ↑ Budget 2015. (PDF; 1.9 MB) In: Website. Stadt Grünberg, p. 13 , archived from the original ; accessed in March 2019 .
  21. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;