Combat 18 and Mantidactylus charlotteae: Difference between pages

Mantidactylus charlotteae
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Amphibia
Order:	Anura
Family:	Mantellidae
Genus:	Mantidactylus
Species:	M. charlotteae
Binomial name
	Mantidactylus charlotteae; Vences & Glaw, 2003[verification needed]

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Revision as of 22:08, 13 October 2008

Mantidactylus charlotteae is a species of frog in the Mantellidae family. It is endemic to Madagascar. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

References

Glaw, F. & Vences, M. 2004. Mantidactylus charlotteae. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 23 July 2007.

This Mantellidae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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+<!-- This article was auto-generated by [[User:Polbot]]. -->
-{{Refimprove|date=February 2007}}
+{{Taxobox
-[[Image:Combat18 skull.jpg|thumb|right|Combat 18 logo, which is based on the [[Totenkopf]] of the [[3rd SS Division Totenkopf|3rd SS Division]]]]
+| name = Mantidactylus charlotteae
-'''Combat 18''' (or '''C18''') is the "armed wing" of the [[United Kingdom|British]] [[Neo-Nazism|neo-Nazi]] organisation [[Blood & Honour]]. The "18" in its name is commonly used by neo-Nazi groups, and is derived from the initials of [[Adolf Hitler]]; A and H are the first and eighth letters of the [[Latin alphabet]]. Members of Combat&nbsp;18 are barred from joining the British Prison Service<ref>[http://psi.hmprisonservice.gov.uk/PSI_2001_042_staff_membership_of_racist_groups_and_organisations.doc ''Staff Membership of Racist Groups and Organisations: Annex A''], HM Prison Service, 2001</ref> and the Police.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/manchester/7650105.stm]</ref>
+| image =
+| status = LC
+| status_system = iucn3.1
+| regnum = [[Animalia]]
+| phylum = [[Chordata]]
+| classis = [[Amphibia]]
+| ordo = [[Anura]]
+| familia = [[Mantellidae]]
+| genus = ''[[Mantidactylus]]''
+| species = '''''M. charlotteae'''''
+| binomial = ''Mantidactylus charlotteae''
+| binomial_authority = Vences & Glaw, 2003{{Verify source|date=July 2008}}<!-- "2004"? -->
+| synonyms = }}
+'''''Mantidactylus charlotteae''''' is a species of [[frog]] in the [[Mantellidae]] family.
+It is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Madagascar]].
+Its natural [[habitat]]s are subtropical or tropical moist lowland [[forest]]s and [[river]]s.
+It is threatened by [[habitat loss]].
+==References==
+* Glaw, F. & Vences, M. 2004.  [http://www.iucnredlist.org/search/details.php/57471/all Mantidactylus charlotteae].   [http://www.iucnredlist.org 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. ]  Downloaded on 23 July 2007.
+[[Category:Mantidactylus]]
-==History==
-Combat 18 was formed in the early 1990s from a [[British National Party]] breakaway group composed largely of former members of the party's security team who were disillusioned with its change of policies and image and increasing focus on electoral politics.<ref>N. Copsey, ''Contemporary British Fascism: The British National Party and the Quest for Legitimacy'', Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004, pp. 65-66</ref>
+{{Mantellidae-stub}}
-C18 soon attracted national attention for its members' violent attacks on [[Immigration|immigrant]]s, members of ethnic minorities and its [[Left wing politics|left-wing]] opponents. In 1992, it started publishing ''[[Redwatch]]'' magazine, which contained photographs, names and addresses of political opponents. The later, more well-known website of the same name was set up by [[Simon Sheppard (far-right activist)|Simon Sheppard]], who had been expelled from the BNP for a matter unrelated to the website.<ref>[http://www.heretical.org.uk/British/bhullbnp.html The Heretical Press website]</ref>
+[[ca:Mantidactylus charlotteae]]
-Between 1998 and 2000, dozens of Combat 18 members in the UK were arrested on various charges during [[dawn raid]]s by the police. These raids were part of several operations conducted by [[Scotland Yard]] in co-operation with MI5. Those arrested included Steve Sargent (brother of [[Charlie Sargent]]), [[David Myatt]], and two serving British soldiers, Darren Theron ([[Parachute Regiment (United Kingdom)|Parachute Regiment]]) and Carl Wilson (1st Battalion, [[The Queen's Lancashire Regiment]]).<ref>[http://republican-news.org/archive/1999/March11/11comb.html "Brits in Combat 18 inquiry"] ''An Phoblacht'', 11 March 1999</ref><ref>[http://www.telegraph.co.uk/htmlContent.jhtml?html=/archive/1999/03/07/narm07.html "MI5 swoops on Army 'neo-Nazis'"], ''Sunday Telegraph'', 7 March 1999</ref> One of those whose house was raided was Adrian Marsden, who later became a councillor for the British National Party<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/programmes/2001/bnp_special/membership/organisers/adrian_marsden.stm "BNP: under the skin"], ''BBC News''</ref>. Several of those arrested were later jailed, including [[Andrew Frain]] (seven years) and [[Jason Marriner]] (six years). The number of arrests led some members to believe Combat 18 was a government operation to entrap [[Neo-Nazism|neo-Nazis]].<ref>http://members.libreopinion.com/wasp/skinhead/bhc18.html</ref> Fingers were pointed when in June 1992 ''[[Searchlight (magazine)|Searchlight]]'' magazine exposed C18 organiser [[Harold Covington]] as a double agent.
+[[pt:Mantidactylus charlotteae]]
-Some journalists believed that the White Wolves were a C18 splinter group. They alleged that the group had been set up by [[Del O'Connor]], the former second-in-command of C18 and member of [[Skrewdriver]] Security<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/bombs/Story/0,2763,204778,00.html "Anti-terror police seek White Wolf racist over bombs"], ''The Guardian'', 28 April 1999]</ref>. The document issued by the White Wolves announcing their formation has been attributed to [[David Myatt]], whose ''Practical Guide to Aryan Revolution'' allegedly inspired nailbomber [[David Copeland]], who was jailed for life in [[2000]] after being found guilty of causing a series of bombings in April [[1999]] which killed three people and injured many others.
-A group calling itself the [[Racial Volunteer Force]] split from C18 in 2002, although it has retained close links to its parent organization<ref>[http://www.meta-religion.com/Extremism/White_extremism/Combat_18/combat_18.htm "Combat 18"] at www.metareligion.com</ref>. On [[October 28]], [[2003]], [[German police]] officers conducted raids on 50 properties in [[Kiel]] and [[Flensburg]] that were believed to be linked to German supporters of the group<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3220563.stm "German raids target neo-Nazis"] BBC News, 28 Oct 2003</ref>. The [[Anti-Defamation League]] says there are Combat 18 chapters in [[Illinois]], [[Florida]] and [[Texas]]<ref>Anti-Defamation League [http://www.adl.org/racist_skinheads/skinhead_alpha_list.asp "Racist Skinhead Project"]</ref>. On [[september 6]], [[2006]], the [[Belgian police]] arrested 20 people which were members of Combat 18 [[Flanders]]. Fourteen of them are soldiers in the [[Belgian army]]. In [[July]] [[2008]], C18 was painted on St. Mary's Oratory in [[County Londonderry]]<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/7526935.stm "Neo-Nazi vandals in church attack"] ''BBC News Northern Ireland'', 26 July 2008 </ref>.
-== Notable members ==
-* [[Harold Covington]]
-* [[Charlie Sargent]]
-* [[David Myatt]]LIAM REID LOOKS LIKE A SHEEP
-== Footnotes ==
-{{reflist}}
-== Further reading ==
-* {{cite book|last=Lowles|first=Nick|title=White Riot: The Violent Story of Combat 18|publisher=Milo Books|date=2003|id=ISBN 1-903854-00-8}}
-* {{cite book|last=O'Hara|first=Larry|title=Searchlight for Beginners|publisher=Phoenix Press|date=1996|id=ISBN 0-948984-33-3}}
-* {{cite book|last=O'Hara|first=Larry|title=Turning Up the Heat: MI5 After the Cold War|publisher=Phoenix Press|date=1994|id= ISBN 0-948984-29-5}}
-== See also ==
-* [[BNP]]
-* [[Johnny Adair]]
-* [[Loyalist Volunteer Force]]
-* [[Militia]]
-* [[Neo-Nazism]]
-* [[Skrewdriver]]
-* [[Ulster Volunteer Force]]
-* [[White power skinhead]]
-* [[Vlaams Blok]]
-* [[BBET]]
-* [[VMO]]
-* [[Blood and Honour]]
-== External links ==
-* [http://www.skrewdriver.org Combat 18 web-site]
-* [http://www.combat18.org Combat 18 forum]
-* [http://www.c18russia.org Combat 18 Russia]
-* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/panorama/1672100.stm Ex-Combat 18 man speaks out]
-* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/323366.stm Combat 18's hardline racism]
-* [http://www.guardian.co.uk/bombs/Story/0,2763,204779,00.html We're at war and if that means more bombs, so be it]
-{{UK far right}}
-{{White supremist organizations}}
-[[Category:Neo-Nazi organizations]]
-[[Category:Irregular military]]
-[[Category:Anti-communism]]
-[[Category:Neo-fascist terrorism]]
-[[Category:British terrorists]]
-[[bg:Combat 18]]
-[[cs:Combat 18]]
-[[da:Combat 18]]
-[[de:Combat 18]]
-[[es:Combat 18]]
-[[fr:Combat 18]]
-[[it:Combat 18]]
-[[lv:Combat 18]]
-[[nl:Combat 18]]
-[[no:Combat 18]]
-[[pl:Combat 18]]
-[[fi:Combat 18]]
-[[sv:Combat 18]]