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The Opéra-Théâtre de Metz is a theatre and opera house located in the town of Metz in North-Eastern France.

In is the oldest working theatre in France having been constructed between 1732 and its inauguration on 3 February 1752 with a ball. In the few years after its inauguration it staged several plays from the classic repertoire of the time, including those by Racine, Pierre Corneille, Molière whereas toweards the end of the ancien regime more contemporary plays by Voltaire, Marivaux, Diderot, and Beaumarchais.

As far as opera was concerned, opéras-comiques by Grétry and Montsigny were staged, as well as operas of Jean-Baptiste Lully.

By 1777 it seated 1,384 but after various remodelings over time to improve comfort and sightlines, it had been reduced to 750 seats in 1963. The most recent restoration took place between 1981-1982.

Nineteen century performances represented the work of both the major dramatists of the era (Hernani by Victor Hugo appearing just after its Paris premiere) and the major opera composers such as Weber, Vincenzo Bellini, and Donizetti as well as the grand operas of Meyerbeer, Fromental Halévy, and Daniel Auber. By the end of that century, the theatre was presenting (in 1894/95) 187 events, of which 135 were in french and 52 in German.

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+[[Image:Metz Theatre 2003.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Opéra-Théâtre de Metz]]
-[[Image:Possum.gif|frame|Sewn and incised [[possum-skin cloak]] of Wurundjeri origin (Melbourne Museum)]]
+The '''Opéra-Théâtre de Metz''' is a [[theatre]] and [[opera house]] located in the town of [[Metz]] in North-Eastern [[France]].
-The '''Wurundjeri''' are [[Indigenous Australians]] of the [[Kulin]] nation, who occupy the [[Yarra River|Birrarung]] Valley, its tributaries and the present location of [[Melbourne]], [[Australia]]. Prior to European settlement, they lived as all people of the Kulin nation lived, [[sustainability|sustainably]] on the land, predominantly as [[hunters and gatherers]], for tens of thousands of years. Seasonal changes in the weather, availability of foods and other factors would determine where campsites were located, many near the Birrarung and its tributaries.
+In is the oldest working theatre in France having been constructed between 1732 and its inauguration on 3 February 1752 with a ball. In the few years after its inauguration it staged several plays from the classic repertoire of the time, including those by [[Racine]], [[Pierre Corneille]], [[Molière]] whereas toweards the end of the [[ancien regime]] more contemporary plays by [[Voltaire]], [[Marivaux]], [[Diderot]], and [[Beaumarchais]].
-Wurundjeri people spoke the [[Woiwurrung language]]. The term ''Wurundjeri'' is paired with the term ''Woiwurrung'' in that both refer to the same region. ''Wurundjeri'' refers to the people who occupy the territory, while ''Woiwurrung'' refers to the language group shared by the clans within the territory. The Wurundjeri peoples territory extended from north of the [[Great Dividing Range]], east to [[Mount Baw Baw]], south to Mordialloc Creek and west to [[Werribee River]]. Their lands bordered the [[Gunai]]/Kurnai people to the east in [[Gippsland]], and the [[Bunurong]] people to the south on the [[Mornington Peninsula]]. Wurundjeri people take their name from the word ''wurun'' meaning ''Manna Gum'' ''([[Eucalyptus viminalis]])'' which is common along the [[Yarra River|Birrarung]].
+As far as opera was concerned, opéras-comiques by [[Grétry]] and [[Montsigny]] were staged, as well as operas of [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]].
-==History==
-The Wurundjeri people bore the brunt of the effects of British settlement in the Melbourne area. In 1842 the [[Native Police Corps]] was formed, based at [[Narre Warren, Victoria|Narre Warren]], but later moved to [[Merri Creek]]. In 1863 the surviving members of the Wurundjeri and other Woiwurrung speakers were given 'permissive occupancy' of [[Coranderrk]] Station, near [[Healesville, Victoria|Healesville]] and forcibly resettled . Despite numerous petitions, letters, and delegations to the Colonial and Federal Government, the grant of this land in compensation for the country lost was refused. Coranderrk was closed in 1924 and its occupants again moved to [[Lake Tyers, Victoria|Lake Tyers]] in [[Gippsland]].
+By 1777 it seated 1,384 but after various remodelings over time to improve comfort and sightlines, it had been reduced to 750 seats in 1963.  The most recent restoration took place between 1981-1982.
-All remaining Aboriginal people of the Woiwurrung or Wurundjeri people are descendants from Jemima and Robert Wandin. (says Wurundjeri Elder, Ian Hunter) source: http://www.freshwater.net.au/wurundjeri/melbourne_aboriginal_hunter_lineage.htm the website also has several Wurundjeri Dreamtime Stories. At the beginning of the twenty first century descendants of the Wurundjeri-willam look to their people's future.
-[[Joy Murphy Wandin]], a Wurundjeri Elder, said:
+Nineteen century performances represented the work of both the major dramatists of the era (''[[Hernani (drama)|Hernani]]'' by [[Victor Hugo]] appearing just after its Paris premiere) and the major opera composers such as [[Carl Maria von Weber|Weber]], [[Vincenzo Bellini]], and [[Donizetti]] as well as the [[grand opera]]s of [[Meyerbeer]], [[Fromental Halévy]], and [[Daniel Auber]]. By the end of that century, the theatre was presenting (in 1894/95) 187 events, of which 135 were in french and 52 in German.
-:''In the recent past, Wurundjeri culture was undermined by people being forbidden to "talk culture" and language. Another loss was the loss of children taken from families. Now, some knowledge of the past must be found and collected from documents. By finding and doing this, Wurundjeri will bring their past to the present and recreate a place of belonging. A "keeping place" should be to keep things for future generations of our people, not a showcase for all, not a resource to earn dollars. I work towards maintaining the Wurundjeri culture for Wurundjeri people into the future.'' (''People of the Merri Merri'', 1999).
-The [[Jindyworobak Movement]] claim to have taken their name from a [[Woiwurrung]] phrase ''jindi worobak'' meaning to annex or join.
-==Structure, Borders and Land Use==
-Communities consisted of six or more (depending on the extent of the territory) land-owning groups called ''clans'' that spoke a related language and were connected through cultural and mutual interests, totems, trading initiatives and marriage ties. Access to land and resources, such as the Birrarung, by other clans, was sometimes restricted depending on the state of the resource in question. For example; if a river or creek had been fished regularly throughout the fishing season and fish supplies were down, fishing was limited or stopped entirely by the clan who owned that resource until fish were given a chance to recover. During this time other resources were utalised for food. This ensured the sustained use of the resources available to them. As with most other Kulin territories, penalties such as spearings were enforced upon tresspassers. Today, traditional clan locations, language groups and borders are no longer in use and decendents of Wurundjeri people live within modern day society.
-===Clans===
-It is generally considered that prior to European settlement, six separate clans existed:
-* '''Wurundjeri-balluk & Wurundjeri-willam''' - Yarra Valley, Yarra River catchment area to Heidelberg
-* '''Balluk-willam''' - south of the Yarra Valley extending down to Dandenong, Cranbourne, Koo-wee-rup Swamp
-* '''Gunnung-willam-balluk''' - east of the Great Dividing Ranges and north to Lancefield
-* '''Kurung-jang-balluk''' - Werribee River to Sunbury
-* '''Marin-balluk (Boi-berrit)''' - land west of the Maribyrnong River and Sunbury
-* '''Kurnaje-berreing''' - the land between the Maribyrnong and Yarra Rivers
-==Language==
-:''Main article: [[Woiwurrung language]]''
-The Wurundjeri people were part of the [[Woiwurrung]] language group, each clan spoke a slight variation of the Woiwurrung language. Some basic terms include;
-* ''bulluk'', ''balluk'' - swamp
-* ''Nira'' - cave
-* ''willam'', ''wilam'', ''Illam'', ''yilam'' - hut, camp, bark
-* ''gunung'', ''gunnung'' - river
-==Religion==
-:''Main article: [[Australian Aboriginal mythology]]''
-The Wurundjeri people shared the same belief system as other [[Kulin]] nation territories, based on a creative epoch known as the [[Dreamtime]] which stretches back into a remote era in history when the creator ancestors known as the First Peoples travelled across the land, creating and naming as they went. Indigenous Australia's oral tradition and religious values are based upon reverence for the land and a belief in this Dreamtime. The Dreaming is at once both the ancient time of creation and the present day reality of Dreaming. There were a great many different groups, each with their own individual culture, belief structure, and language. These cultures overlapped to a greater or lesser extent, and evolved over time. The two moeity totems of the Wurundjeri people are ''[[Bunjil]]'' the Eaglehawk and ''Waang'' the Crow.
-==Places of Significance==
-There are a number of significant sites, in particular those found near the Yarra & Maribyrnong Rivers and the Merri Creek where [[corroboree]]s were held between clans and perhaps neighbouring territories to share in music and dance, excahnge news and trade. Other places of significance for the Wurundjeri people include:
-* [[Jolimont, Victoria|Jolimont]] - gatherings of [[Kulin]] territories around the site of the [[MCG]]
-* Bolin Bolin Billabong in Bulleen - location of sacred and social interaction between clans
-* [[Yarra River|Birrarung]] - the primary river flowing through the territory, a major food source and meeting place.
-* [[Warrandyte]] - a gorge in the middle reaches of the Birrarung, named for the actions of the [[Dreamtime|dreamtime]] figure "Bunjil"
-* Pound Bend, [[Warrandyte]]
-* Mt William Aboriginal Stone Axe Quarry - tool making
-* Dights Falls area - meeting place for [[corroboree]]s
-* Heide Scarred Tree, [[Templestowe, Victoria|Templestowe]]
-* The Sunbury Rings, [[Sunbury, Victoria|Sunbury]]
-* Coranderrk Mission Station, Healesville
-==Notable Wurundjeri People==
-Notable Wurundjeri people at the time of British settlement included:
-* [[Billibellary]], (1799-1846) - [[ngurungaeta]] of the Wurundjeri-willam clan
-* [[Simon Wonga]] (1824-1874) - [[ngurungaeta]] and son of Billibellary
-* [[William Barak]] (1824-1903) - last traditional [[ngurungaeta]] of the Wurundjeri-willam clan
-* [[Tullamareena]] - present during the founding of [[Melbourne]]
-* [[Derrimut (Indigenous Australian)]] (1810-1864) - a [[Bunurong]] elder associated with the Woiwurrung
 ==See also==
+*[[List of opera houses]]
-* [[Australian Aboriginal enumeration]]
+{{Opera-struct-stub}}
-* [[Possum-skin cloak]]
-* [[Bunurong]]
-* [[Gunai]]
-==References==
-* ''People of the Merri Merri. The Wurundjeri in Colonial Days.'' (1999), Isabel Ellender and Peter Christiansen ISBN 0-9577728-0-7
-* ''The First Residents of Melbourne's Western Region.'' Gary Presland ISBN 0-646-33150-7
-* ''Aboriginal Melbourne. The lost land of the Kulin people'' Gary Presland ISBN 0-9577004-2-3
 ==External links==
+*[http://www.mairie-metz.fr/METZ/THEATRE/SAISON_0102/250_historique.html  Georges Masson, "A Brief History of the L'opera-theatre of Metz (in French) from muncipality of Metz website]
-*[http://www.yarrahealing.melb.catholic.edu.au/kulin/about.html Kulin nation]
+*[http://www.mairie-metz.fr/  Official website of the municipality of Metz (in French)]
-*http://www.freshwater.net.au/wurundjeri/melbourne_aboriginal_kulin_wurundjeri.htm
+{{coord missing|France}}
-[[Category:Indigenous peoples of Australia]]
-[[Category:History of Melbourne]]
+[[Category:Opera houses in France]]
-[[fr:Wurundjeri]]
-[[mr:वुरुन्ड्जेरी]]
-[[nl:Wurundjeri]]