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{{Short description|English ecclesiastic and statesman}}
'''Hugh Curwen''' (died 1 November 1568) was an English ecclesiastic and statesman. He was a native of [[Westmorland]] and educated at [[university of Cambridge|Cambridge]], afterwards taking orders in the church.
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{Use Irish English|date=November 2020}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Bishop
| honorific_prefix = The Right Reverend
| name = Hugh Curwen
| honorific_suffix =
| title = [[Bishop of Oxford]]
| image =
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| church = [[Church of England]]
| archdiocese =
| province =
| metropolis =
| diocese = [[Diocese of Oxford|Oxford]]
| see =
| elected = <!-- or | appointed = -->
| term = 1567–1568
| quashed = <!-- or | retired = -->
| predecessor = [[Thomas Goldwell]]
| successor = [[John Underhill (bishop)|John Underhill]]
| opposed =
| other_post =
<!---------- Orders ---------->
| ordination =
| ordained_by =
| consecration = 8 September 1555
| consecrated_by = [[Edmund Bonner]]
| rank =
| laicized =
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{circa|1500}}
| birth_place = [[Bampton, Cumbria]]
| death_date = 1 November 1568<!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (death date then birth date) -->
| death_place = [[Swinbrook]]
| buried = [[Church_of_St_John_the_Baptist,_Burford|St John the Baptist, Burford]]
| resting_place_coordinates =
| nationality = [[English people|English]]
| religion = [[Catholic_Church|Catholic]] 1528-1534; 1555-1558 <br> [[Anglicanism|Anglican]] 1534-1555; 1558-1567
| residence =
| parents =
| spouse = <!-- or | partner = -->
| children =
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| previous_post = [[Archbishop of Dublin]] <small>''(1555–1567)''</small>
| education =
| alma_mater = [[Brasenose College, Oxford]]
| motto =
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<!---------- Other ---------->
| module =
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}}
{{Ordination
| ordained deacon by =
| date of diaconal ordination =
| place of diaconal ordination =
| ordained priest by =
| date of priestly ordination =
| place of priestly ordination =
| consecrated by = [[Edmund Bonner]]
| co-consecrators = [[Thomas Thirlby]]<br>[[Maurice Griffith]]
| date of consecration = 8 September 1555
| place of consecration = [[London]]
| bishop 1 =
| consecration date 1 =
| sources = <ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bcurwen.html, Archbishop Hugh Curwen]</ref>
}}
'''Hugh Curwen''' ({{circa|1500}} - 1 November 1568) was an English ecclesiastic and statesman, who served as [[Archbishop of Dublin]] and [[Lord Chancellor of Ireland]] from 1555 to 1567, then as [[Bishop of Oxford]] until his death in November 1568.


Previous entries, including the 1911 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, confused him with Richard Curwen, [[almoner]] to [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]].{{sfn|Walshe |2008 |pp=Online}}
In May 1533 he expressed approval of [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]]'s marriage with [[Anne Boleyn]] in a sermon preached before the King. In 1541 he became [[dean of Hereford]], and in 1555 [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary]] nominated him to the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin|Archbishopric of Dublin]], and in the same year he was appointed [[Lord Chancellor of Ireland]]. He acted as [[Lord Justice of Ireland]] during the absence from Ireland of the [[Lord Deputy of Ireland]], [[Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex|the Earl of Sussex]], in 1557.


==Life==
On the accession of [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth]], Curwen at once accommodated himself to the new conditions by declaring himself a [[Protestant]], and was continued in the office of Lord Chancellor. He was accused by the [[Adam Loftus (bishop)|Archbishop of Armagh]] of serious moral delinquency, and his recall was demanded both by the Primate and [[Hugh Brady (bishop)|Hugh Brady]], [[Bishop of Meath]]. In 1567 Curwen resigned the see of Dublin and the office of Lord Chancellor, and was appointed [[Bishop of Oxford]], but died the following year.
Born in [[Bampton, Cumbria]], he is thought to have been educated at [[Brasenose College, Oxford]]. He had at least two brothers, Christopher and James, who was the grandfather of [[Richard_Bancroft|Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury]] and 'overseer' of the [[King_James_Version|King James Bible]].{{sfn|Cranfield|2008|pp=Online}}

==Career==
[[File:Richard Bancroft from NPG.jpg|thumb|left|130px|His grandnephew [[Richard_Bancroft|Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury]] and 'overseer' of the [[King_James_Version|King James Bible]]]]
In February 1528, Curwen gained a degree in [[Canon_law#Anglican_Communion|Canon law]], followed by a [[Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)|Master of Arts]] in 1532. In 1533, he was appointed [[Rector_(ecclesiastical)|Rector]] in the village of [[South_Ferriby|Ferriby, Lincolnshire]]. The following year, England broke with the [[Catholic Church]] and formed the [[Church of England]], led by [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]], rather than the Pope.{{sfn|Walshe |2008 |pp=Online}}

In 1541, he became [[dean of Hereford]], followed by a series of administrative posts; when [[Mary I of England|Mary]] became queen in 1555, he conformed with the restoration of Catholicism. Nominated [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Dublin|Roman Catholic Archbishopric of Dublin]], he was consecrated on 8 September 1555 by [[Edmund Bonner]]. He was also appointed [[Lord Chancellor of Ireland]], and in 1557 served as [[Lord Justice of Ireland]] during the absence of the [[Lord Deputy of Ireland]], [[Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex|the Earl of Sussex]].{{fact|date=November 2020}}

When [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth]] succeeded in 1558, only five Irish bishops accepted the [[Elizabethan Religious Settlement|Religious Settlement]], Curwen being one of them. He remained Archbishop and Lord Chancellor until 1567, but was accused of 'moral delinquency' by [[Hugh Brady (bishop)|Hugh Brady]] and [[Adam Loftus (bishop)|Adam Loftus]], apparently for his reluctance to implement key religious reforms.{{sfn|Murray|2009|pp=242-245}}

Curwen suffered from [[palsy]] and poor health made it increasingly difficult to continue his duties; in 1564, he obtained a [[sinecure]] position for his nephew [[Richard Bancroft]] at [[St_Patrick's_Cathedral,_Dublin|St Patrick's, Dublin]].{{sfn|Cranfield|2008|pp=Online}} Apparently 'speechless and senseless', he was finally allowed to resign in June 1567, when he became [[Bishop of Oxford]]. He died at his home in [[Swinbrook]] in October 1568, and was buried at [[Church_of_St_John_the_Baptist,_Burford|St John the Baptist, Burford]]. The diocese of Oxford remained vacant until 1589, when [[John Underhill (bishop)|John Underhill]] became bishop.<ref>{{cite web |title=List of Bishops of Oxford from 1542 to the present |url=http://www.oxfordhistory.org.uk/bishops/list.html |website=Oxford History |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{no footnotes|date=June 2014}}

*[[John Strype]], ''Life and Acts of Archbishop Parker'' (3 vols, Oxford, 1824), and ''Memorials'' of [[Thomas Cranmer]] (2 vols, Oxford, 1840)
==Sources==
* {{cite book |last1=Cranfield |first1=Nicolas S |title=Bancroft, Richard |date=2008 |publisher=Oxford DNB |edition=Online |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/1272 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Walshe |first1=Helen Coburn |title=Curwen [Coren], Hugh |date=2008 |publisher=Oxford DNB |doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/6966 }}
* {{cite book |last1=Murray |first1=James |title=Enforcing the English Reformation in Ireland: Clerical Resistance and Political Conflict in the Diocese of Dublin, 1534 - 1590 |date=2009 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521770385 }}
*[[John D'Alton (historian)|John D'Alton]], ''Memoirs of the Archbishops of Dublin'' (Dublin, 1838).
*[[John D'Alton (historian)|John D'Alton]], ''Memoirs of the Archbishops of Dublin'' (Dublin, 1838).

*{{EB1911|wstitle=Curwen, Hugh}}
==External links==
* {{cite web |title=List of Bishops of Oxford from 1542 to the present |url=http://www.oxfordhistory.org.uk/bishops/list.html |website=Oxford History |access-date=30 November 2019}}
* {{Cite EB1911|wstitle=Curwen, Hugh|volume=7|page=664}}


{{S-start}}
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{{S-bef|before=[[Thomas Goldwell]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Thomas Goldwell]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Bishop of Oxford]] |years=1567–1568}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Bishop of Oxford]] |years=1567–1568}}
{{S-aft|after=[[John Underhill (bishop)|John Underhill]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[John Underhill (bishop)|John Underhill]] appointed 1589}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}


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[[Category:1568 deaths]]
[[Category:1568 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Westmorland]]
[[Category:People from Westmorland]]
[[Category:Curwen family|Hugh]]
[[Category:Anglican archbishops of Dublin]]
[[Category:Anglican archbishops of Dublin]]
[[Category:Anglican archbishops]]
[[Category:Bishops of Oxford]]
[[Category:Bishops of Oxford]]
[[Category:16th-century English bishops]]
[[Category:16th-century English bishops]]
[[Category:Deans of Hereford]]
[[Category:Deans of Hereford]]
[[Category:People of Elizabethan Ireland]]
[[Category:16th-century Anglo-Irish people]]
[[Category:Lord Chancellors of Ireland]]
[[Category:Lord chancellors of Ireland]]
[[Category:People of the Tudor period]]
[[Category:British expatriate archbishops]]

Latest revision as of 05:10, 23 September 2023

The Right Reverend

Hugh Curwen
Bishop of Oxford
ChurchChurch of England
DioceseOxford
In office1567–1568
PredecessorThomas Goldwell
SuccessorJohn Underhill
Orders
Consecration8 September 1555
by Edmund Bonner
Personal details
Bornc. 1500
Bampton, Cumbria
Died1 November 1568
Swinbrook
BuriedSt John the Baptist, Burford
NationalityEnglish
DenominationCatholic 1528-1534; 1555-1558
Anglican 1534-1555; 1558-1567
Previous post(s)Archbishop of Dublin (1555–1567)
Alma materBrasenose College, Oxford
Ordination history of
Hugh Curwen
History
Episcopal consecration
Principal consecratorEdmund Bonner
Co-consecratorsThomas Thirlby
Maurice Griffith
Date8 September 1555
PlaceLondon
Source(s):[1]

Hugh Curwen (c. 1500 - 1 November 1568) was an English ecclesiastic and statesman, who served as Archbishop of Dublin and Lord Chancellor of Ireland from 1555 to 1567, then as Bishop of Oxford until his death in November 1568.

Previous entries, including the 1911 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, confused him with Richard Curwen, almoner to Henry VIII.[2]

Life[edit]

Born in Bampton, Cumbria, he is thought to have been educated at Brasenose College, Oxford. He had at least two brothers, Christopher and James, who was the grandfather of Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury and 'overseer' of the King James Bible.[3]

Career[edit]

His grandnephew Richard Bancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury and 'overseer' of the King James Bible

In February 1528, Curwen gained a degree in Canon law, followed by a Master of Arts in 1532. In 1533, he was appointed Rector in the village of Ferriby, Lincolnshire. The following year, England broke with the Catholic Church and formed the Church of England, led by Henry VIII, rather than the Pope.[2]

In 1541, he became dean of Hereford, followed by a series of administrative posts; when Mary became queen in 1555, he conformed with the restoration of Catholicism. Nominated Roman Catholic Archbishopric of Dublin, he was consecrated on 8 September 1555 by Edmund Bonner. He was also appointed Lord Chancellor of Ireland, and in 1557 served as Lord Justice of Ireland during the absence of the Lord Deputy of Ireland, the Earl of Sussex.[citation needed]

When Elizabeth succeeded in 1558, only five Irish bishops accepted the Religious Settlement, Curwen being one of them. He remained Archbishop and Lord Chancellor until 1567, but was accused of 'moral delinquency' by Hugh Brady and Adam Loftus, apparently for his reluctance to implement key religious reforms.[4]

Curwen suffered from palsy and poor health made it increasingly difficult to continue his duties; in 1564, he obtained a sinecure position for his nephew Richard Bancroft at St Patrick's, Dublin.[3] Apparently 'speechless and senseless', he was finally allowed to resign in June 1567, when he became Bishop of Oxford. He died at his home in Swinbrook in October 1568, and was buried at St John the Baptist, Burford. The diocese of Oxford remained vacant until 1589, when John Underhill became bishop.[5]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Archbishop Hugh Curwen
  2. ^ a b Walshe 2008, pp. Online.
  3. ^ a b Cranfield 2008, pp. Online.
  4. ^ Murray 2009, pp. 242–245.
  5. ^ "List of Bishops of Oxford from 1542 to the present". Oxford History. Retrieved 30 November 2019.

Sources[edit]

  • Cranfield, Nicolas S (2008). Bancroft, Richard (Online ed.). Oxford DNB. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/1272.
  • Walshe, Helen Coburn (2008). Curwen [Coren], Hugh. Oxford DNB. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/6966.
  • Murray, James (2009). Enforcing the English Reformation in Ireland: Clerical Resistance and Political Conflict in the Diocese of Dublin, 1534 - 1590. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521770385.
  • John D'Alton, Memoirs of the Archbishops of Dublin (Dublin, 1838).

External links[edit]

Political offices
Preceded byas Lord Keeper Lord Chancellor and Lord Keeper of Ireland
1555–1558 (as Lord Chancellor)
1558–1559 (as Lord Keeper)
1559–1567 (as Lord Chancellor) 		Succeeded byas Lord Chancellor
Religious titles
Preceded by Dean of Hereford
1541–1555 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Archbishop of Dublin
1555–1567 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Bishop of Oxford
1567–1568 		Succeeded by
John Underhill appointed 1589
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