Crișul Negru: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 46°42′1″N 21°16′9″E / 46.70028°N 21.26917°E / 46.70028; 21.26917
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{{Infobox river
{{Infobox river
| name = Crișul Negru
| name = Crișul Negru
| name_native =
| native_name =
| name_native_lang =
| native_name_lang =
| name_other = Fekete-Körös
| name_other = Fekete-Körös
| name_etymology =
| name_etymology =
Line 9: Line 9:
| image_size =
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| image_caption =
| map =
| pushpin_map = Hungary#Romania
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map =
| pushpin_map_size =
| pushpin_map_caption=
<!---------------------- LOCATION -->
<!---------------------- LOCATION -->
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_type1 = Countries
| subdivision_name1 = [[Romania]], [[Hungary]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Romania]] and [[Hungary]]
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type2 = Counties
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_name2 = {{hlist|[[Bihor County|Bihor]]|[[Arad County|Arad]]|[[Békés County|Békés]]}}
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_type3 = Towns
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_name3 = {{hlist|[[Beiuș]]|[[Sarkad, Hungary|Sarkad]]}}
| subdivision_type4 = Counties
| subdivision_name4 = [[Bihor County]], [[Arad County]]<br>[[Békés County]]
| subdivision_type5 = Towns
| subdivision_name5 = [[Beiuș]], [[Sarkad, Hungary|Sarkad]]
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->
<!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS -->
| length = {{convert|168|km|mi|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|168|km|mi|abbr=on}}
Line 39: Line 30:
| discharge1_max = {{convert|648|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
| discharge1_max = {{convert|648|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}}
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->
<!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES -->
| source1 = confluence of headwaters [[Crișul Poienii River|Crișul Poienii]] and [[Crișul Băiței River|Crișul Băiței]]
| source1 = [[Apuseni Mountains]]
| source1_location = [[Apuseni Mountains]]
| source1_location =
| source1_coordinates=
| source1_coordinates=
| source1_elevation = {{convert|1460|m|abbr=on}}
| source1_elevation = {{convert|1460|m|abbr=on}}
| mouth = [[Körös|Körös (Criş)]]
| mouth = [[Körös|Körös (Criș)]]
| mouth_location = near [[Gyula, Hungary|Gyula]],<br>[[Hungary]]
| mouth_location = near [[Gyula, Hungary|Gyula]],<br />[[Hungary]]
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|46|42|1|N|21|16|9|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|46|42|1|N|21|16|9|E|display=inline,title}}
| mouth_elevation =
| mouth_elevation =
| progression =
| progression = {{RKörös}}
| river_system =
| river_system =
| basin_size = {{convert|4450|km2|abbr=on}}
| basin_size = {{convert|4450|km2|abbr=on}}
| tributaries_left = [[Teuz River|Teuz]]
| tributaries_left = [[Teuz]]
| tributaries_right = [[Holod River|Holod]]
| tributaries_right = [[Holod (river)|Holod]]
| custom_label = Progression
| custom_label =
| custom_data = {{PKörös}}
| custom_data =
| extra =
| extra =
}}
}}


The '''Crișul Negru''' ([[Romanian language|Romanian]]), ({{lang-hu|Fekete-Körös}}) is a river in western [[Romania]] ([[Transylvania]]) and south-eastern [[Hungary]] ([[Békés County]]). The river starts at the confluence of [[headwater]]s [[Crișul Poienii River|Crișul Poienii]] and [[Crișul Băiței River|Crișul Băiței]] in the western [[Apuseni Mountains]]. It flows through the towns [[Ștei]] and [[Beiuș]] in Romania. Crossing the border of Hungary the river, now called Fekete-Körös, joins the [[Fehér-Körös]] a few kilometres north from [[Gyula, Hungary|Gyula]] to form the [[Körös]] river. Part of the water from the river [[Crișul Repede]] is diverted towards the Crișul Negru by the [[Criș Collector Canal]].
The '''Crișul Negru''' (Black Criș) ([[Romanian language|Romanian]]), ({{lang-hu|Fekete-Körös}}) is a river in western [[Romania]] ([[Transylvania]]) and south-eastern [[Hungary]] ([[Békés County]]). The river has its source in the western [[Apuseni Mountains]] of Romania. Flowing through the Romanian towns of [[Ștei]] and [[Beiuș]] and crossing the border of Hungary, the river, now called Fekete-Körös, joins the [[Fehér-Körös]] a few kilometres north from [[Gyula, Hungary|Gyula]] to form the [[Körös]] river.<ref>[http://www.mmediu.ro/app/webroot/uploads/files/2016-03-01_PMRI_Crisuri_SEA.pdf Planul de management al riscului la inundații - Administrația Bazinală de Apă Crișuri], p. 7</ref> In Romania, its length is {{convert|164|km|abbr=on}} and its basin size is {{convert|3820|km2|abbr=on}}.{{GeoSource|RO|Atlas|106-113|III.1.42}} Part of the water from the river [[Crișul Repede]] is diverted towards the Crișul Negru by the [[Criș Collector Canal]].


==Hydronymy==
==Hydronymy==
⚫
The name of this river comes from earlier [[Dacian language|Dacian]] ''Krísos'', which meant "black",<ref>Katičic', Radislav. ''Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One''. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 150.</ref> making this a doublet (cf. Bulg ''čer'' "black", Old Church Slavonic ''čǐrnǔ'', Old Prussian ''kirsnan'', Albanian ''sorrë'' "raven") with Romanian ''negru'' "black". The upper course, upstream from the confluence with the [[Crișul Băița]], is sometimes called ''Crișul Poienii''.

⚫
The name of this river comes from earlier [[Dacian language|Dacian]] ''Krísos'', which meant "black",<ref>Katičic', Radislav. ''Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One''. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 150.</ref> making this a doublet (cf. Bulg ''čer'' "black", Old Church Slavonic ''čǐrnǔ'', Old Prussian ''kirsnan'', Albanian ''sorrë'' "raven") with Romanian ''negru'' "black".


==Towns and villages==
==Towns and villages==
⚫
The following towns and villages are situated along the Crișul Negru, from source to mouth: [[Vașcău]], [[Ștei]], [[Rieni]], [[Drăgănești, Bihor|Drăgănești]], [[Tărcaia]], [[Beiuș]], [[Șuncuiuș]], [[Uileacu de Beiuș]], [[Șoimi]], [[Căpâlna]], [[Tinca]], [[Batăr]], [[Avram Iancu, Bihor|Avram Iancu]], [[Zerind]] in Romania, and [[Sarkad, Hungary|Sarkad]] in Hungary.


==Tributaries==
⚫
The following towns and villages are situated along the Crișul Negru, from source to mouth: [[Vașcău]] (on Crișul Poienii), [[Ștei]], [[Rieni]], [[Drăgănești, Bihor|Drăgănești]], [[Oradea]], [[Tărcaia]], [[Beiuș]], [[Șuncuiuș]], [[Uileacu de Beiuș]], [[Șoimi]], [[Căpâlna]], [[Tinca]], [[Batăr]], [[Avram Iancu, Bihor|Avram Iancu]], [[Zerind]] in Romania, and [[Sarkad, Hungary|Sarkad]] in Hungary.
The following rivers are tributaries to the Crișul Negru (from source to mouth):{{GeoSource|RO|Atlas|106-113|III.1.42}}


*Left: [[Criștior]], [[Pârâul Țarinii]], [[Briheni]], [[Valea Mare (Crișul Negru)|Valea Mare (Cusuiuș)]], [[Tărcăița]], [[Finiș (river)|Finiș]], Căldărești, Șerpoasa, [[Valea Mare (Șuncuiș)]], [[Arman (Crișul Negru)|Arman]], Hălgaș, Fieghiu, [[Poclușa (river)|Poclușa]], [[Crișul Mic (Crișul Negru)|Crișul Mic]], [[Rătășel]], [[Beliu (river)|Beliu]], Răchest, [[Teuz]]
==Headwaters and tributaries==
⚫
*Right: [[Crișul Nou]], [[Crișul Băița]], [[Valea Neagră (Crișul Negru)|Valea Neagră]], [[Crăiasa]], [[Crișul Pietros]], [[Talpe]], [[Mizieș]], [[Nimăiești]], Ioaniș, [[Valea Roșie (Crișul Negru)|Valea Roșie]], Prisaca, [[Săliște (Crișul Negru)|Săliște]], [[Holod (river)|Holod]], [[Pusta (Crișul Negru)|Pusta]], [[Saraz (river)|Saraz]], [[Valea Nouă (Crișul Negru)|Valea Nouă]]

The two headwaters of the Crișul Negru are the [[Crișul Poienii River|Crișul Poienii]] and the [[Crișul Băiței River|Crișul Băiței]], that are united at [[Ștei]]. The following rivers are tributaries to the Crișul Negru:

*Left: [[Crișul Poienii River|Crișul Poienii]], [[Cusuiuș River|Cusuiuș]], [[Tărcăița River|Tărcăița]], [[Finiș River|Finiș]], [[Căldărești River (Crișul Negru)|Căldărești]], [[Șerpoasa River|Șerpoasa]], [[Valea Mare River (Crișul Negru)|Valea Mare]], [[Arman River|Arman]], [[Hăigaș]], [[Poclușa River|Poclușa]], [[Rătășel]], [[Răchest River|Răchest]], [[Teuz]]
⚫
*Right: [[Crișul Băiței River|Crișul Băiței]], [[Valea Neagră River (Crișul Negru)|Valea Neagră]], [[Crăiasa River|Crăiasa]], [[Crișul Pietros River|Crișul Pietros]], [[Talpe River|Talpe]], [[Mizieș River|Mizieș]], [[Valea Nimăieștilor River|Valea Nimăieștilor]], [[Ioaniș River|Ioaniș]], [[Valea Roșie (Crișul Negru)|Valea Roșie]], [[Prisaca River (Crișul Negru)|Prisaca]], [[Săliștea River|Săliștea]], [[Holod River|Holod]], [[Pusta River (Crișul Negru)|Pusta]], [[Trif River (Crișul Negru)|Trif]], [[Săraz River (Crișul Negru)|Săraz]], [[Valea Nouă River (Crișul Negru)|Valea Nouă]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
* Administrația Națională Apelor Române – ''Cadastrul Apelor'' – Bucharest
* Institutul de Meteorologie și Hidrologie – ''Rîurile României'' – Bucharest, 1971
* Trasee turistice – județul Bihor [http://www.e-calauza.ro/index.php?afiseaza=trasee-turistice-bihor]

===Maps===

* Harta munții Codru Moma [http://harti.mielu.ro/codru_moma.html]
* Harta munții Pădurea Craiului [http://harti.mielu.ro/padurea_craiului.html]
* Harta munții Bihor-Vlădeasa [http://harti.mielu.ro/bihor_vladeasa.html]
* [http://www.harta-turistica.ro/map.php?ID=10 Harta munții Apuseni]
* Harta Munților Vlădeasa [http://www.harta-turistica.ro/map.php?ID=15&harta=Muntii%20Vladeasa]
* [http://www.harta-turistica.ro/map.php?ID=17 Harta Munții Bihor]


==External links==
{{Commons category|Crișul Negru}}
{{Commons category|Crișul Negru}}


{{Portal bar|Romania}}
{{Portal bar|Romania}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Crisul Negru River}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Crișul Negru}}
[[Category:Rivers of Romania]]
[[Category:Rivers of Romania]]
[[Category:Crișul Negru basin| ]]
[[Category:Crișul Negru basin| ]]

Latest revision as of 13:22, 11 February 2024

Crișul Negru
Fekete-Körös
Crișul Negru is located in Hungary
Crișul Negru
Crișul Negru is located in Romania
Crișul Negru
Location
CountriesRomania and Hungary
Counties
Towns
Physical characteristics
SourceApuseni Mountains
 • elevation1,460 m (4,790 ft)
MouthKörös (Criș)
 • location
near Gyula,
Hungary
 • coordinates
46°42′1″N 21°16′9″E / 46.70028°N 21.26917°E / 46.70028; 21.26917
Length168 km (104 mi)
Basin size4,450 km2 (1,720 sq mi)
Discharge 
 • locationZerind
 • average31.40 m3/s (1,109 cu ft/s)
 • minimum0.47 m3/s (17 cu ft/s)
 • maximum648 m3/s (22,900 cu ft/s)
Basin features
ProgressionKörös→ Tisza→ Danube→ Black Sea
Tributaries 
 • leftTeuz
 • rightHolod

The Crișul Negru (Black Criș) (Romanian), (Hungarian: Fekete-Körös) is a river in western Romania (Transylvania) and south-eastern Hungary (Békés County). The river has its source in the western Apuseni Mountains of Romania. Flowing through the Romanian towns of Ștei and Beiuș and crossing the border of Hungary, the river, now called Fekete-Körös, joins the Fehér-Körös a few kilometres north from Gyula to form the Körös river.[1] In Romania, its length is 164 km (102 mi) and its basin size is 3,820 km2 (1,470 sq mi).[2] Part of the water from the river Crișul Repede is diverted towards the Crișul Negru by the Criș Collector Canal.

Hydronymy[edit]

The name of this river comes from earlier Dacian Krísos, which meant "black",[3] making this a doublet (cf. Bulg čer "black", Old Church Slavonic čǐrnǔ, Old Prussian kirsnan, Albanian sorrë "raven") with Romanian negru "black". The upper course, upstream from the confluence with the Crișul Băița, is sometimes called Crișul Poienii.

Towns and villages[edit]

The following towns and villages are situated along the Crișul Negru, from source to mouth: Vașcău, Ștei, Rieni, Drăgănești, Tărcaia, Beiuș, Șuncuiuș, Uileacu de Beiuș, Șoimi, Căpâlna, Tinca, Batăr, Avram Iancu, Zerind in Romania, and Sarkad in Hungary.

Tributaries[edit]

The following rivers are tributaries to the Crișul Negru (from source to mouth):[2]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Planul de management al riscului la inundații - Administrația Bazinală de Apă Crișuri, p. 7
  2. ^ a b Atlasul cadastrului apelor din România. Partea 1 (in Romanian). Bucharest: Ministerul Mediului. 1992. pp. 106–113. OCLC 895459847. River code: III.1.42
  3. ^ Katičic', Radislav. Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 150.
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