Pole of Good Government: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Italian political party}}
{{short description|Italian political alliance}}
⚫
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox political party
{{Infobox political party
| name = Pole of Good Government
|name = Pole of Good Government
|native_name = Polo del Buon Governo
|native_name = Polo del Buon Governo
|logo = POLO DEL BUON GOVERNO.jpg
|logo = Logo of the Pole of Good Government.png
⚫
|leader = {{ubl|[[Silvio Berlusconi]]|[[Gianfranco Fini]]}}
|logo_size = 150px
⚫
|foundation = 1994
⚫
|leader = [[Silvio Berlusconi]]<br />[[Gianfranco Fini]]
⚫
|foundation = 1994
|dissolution = 1995
|dissolution = 1995
|successor = [[Pole for Freedoms]]
|successor = [[Pole for Freedoms]]
|national = with [[Pole of Freedoms]]
|national = with [[Pole of Freedoms]]<br>[[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|Centre-right coalition]]
|ideology =
|ideology =
|position = [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]
|position = [[Centre-right politics|Centre-right]]
|country = Italy
|country = Italy
|colorcode = {{Pole of Freedoms/meta/color}}
|colorcode = {{party color|Pole of Freedoms}}
}}
}}


The '''Pole of Good Government''' ({{lang-it|Polo del Buon Governo}}) was a [[centre-right politics|centre-right]] [[electoral alliance|electoral]], and later [[political alliance]] in [[Italy]], launched at the [[1994 italian general election|1994 general election]] by [[Silvio Berlusconi]].<ref name="Golder2006">{{cite book|author=Sona Nadenichek Golder|title=The Logic of Pre-electoral Coalition Formation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-s6MCClhGiQC&pg=PA160|year=2006|publisher=Ohio State University Press|isbn=978-0-8142-1029-1|page=160}}</ref> Its counterpart in [[Northern Italy]] was the [[Pole of Freedoms]].
The '''Pole of Good Government''' ({{lang-it|Polo del Buon Governo}}) was a [[centre-right politics|centre-right]] [[electoral alliance|electoral]], and later [[political alliance]] in Italy, launched at the [[1994 Italian general election|1994 general election]] by [[Silvio Berlusconi]].<ref name="Golder2006">{{cite book|author=Sona Nadenichek Golder|title=The Logic of Pre-electoral Coalition Formation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-s6MCClhGiQC&pg=PA160|year=2006|publisher=Ohio State University Press|isbn=978-0-8142-1029-1|page=160}}</ref> Its counterpart in [[Northern Italy]] was the [[Pole of Freedoms]], both forming the first incarnation of the [[Centre-right coalition (Italy)|centre-right coalition]].


==History==
==History==
The alliance was composed primarily of [[Forza Italia]] (FI) and the [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN), but also included the [[Christian Democratic Centre]] (CCD), [[Union of the Centre (1993)|Union of the Centre]] (UdC) and [[Liberal Democratic Pole]] (PLD).<ref name="Pezzini2001">{{cite book|author=Isabella Pezzini|chapter=Advertising politics on television: the party election broadcast|editor1=Luciano Chelos|editor2=Lucio Sponza|title=The Art of Persuasion: Political Communication in Italy from 1945 to the 1990s|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vy1NMicVUEEC&pg=PA187|year=2001|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-4170-9|pages=187–188}}</ref><ref name="Köppl2007">{{cite book|author=Stefan Köppl|title=Das politische System Italiens: Eine Einführung|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AkiT3uphn2cC&pg=PA98|year=2007|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-531-14068-1|page=98}}</ref> The Pole of Good Government was present only in most of [[Southern Italy]], while the [[Pole of Freedoms]], composed of Forza Italia and the [[Lega Nord]], without the National Alliance, was present in [[Northern Italy]].<ref name="Donovan2004">{{cite book|author=Mark Donovan|chapter=The Italian State: No Longer Catholic, no Longer Christian|editor1=Zsolt Enyedi|editor2=John T.S. Madeley|title=Church and State in Contemporary Europe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zOuQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-76141-7|page=102}}</ref>
The alliance was composed primarily of [[Forza Italia]] (FI) and the [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN), while also including the [[Christian Democratic Centre]] (CCD), [[Union of the Centre (1993)|Union of the Centre]] (UdC) and [[Liberal Democratic Pole]] (PLD).<ref name="Pezzini2001">{{cite book|author=Isabella Pezzini|chapter=Advertising politics on television: the party election broadcast|editor1=Luciano Chelos|editor2=Lucio Sponza|title=The Art of Persuasion: Political Communication in Italy from 1945 to the 1990s|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vy1NMicVUEEC&pg=PA187|year=2001|publisher=Manchester University Press|isbn=978-0-7190-4170-9|pages=187–188}}</ref><ref name="Köppl2007">{{cite book|author=Stefan Köppl|title=Das politische System Italiens: Eine Einführung|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AkiT3uphn2cC&pg=PA98|year=2007|publisher=Springer-Verlag|isbn=978-3-531-14068-1|page=98}}</ref> The Pole of Good Government was present only in most of [[Southern Italy]], while the [[Pole of Freedoms]], composed of Forza Italia and the [[Lega Nord]], without the National Alliance, was present in [[Northern Italy]].<ref name="Donovan2004">{{cite book|author=Mark Donovan|chapter=The Italian State: No Longer Catholic, no Longer Christian|editor1=Zsolt Enyedi|editor2=John T.S. Madeley|title=Church and State in Contemporary Europe|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zOuQAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA102|year=2004|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-76141-7|page=102}}</ref>


However, the term "Pole of Good Government" (as that of "Pole of Freedoms") had no official character: the logo that identified the coalition included just the symbols of the lists that were part of the alliance (furthermore, this symbol was only present for the election of the Senate).
The term "Pole of Good Government" (as that of "Pole of Freedoms") had no official character: the logo that identified the coalition included just the symbols of the lists that were part of the alliance (furthermore, this symbol was only present for the election of the Senate). However, this alliance resulted stronger than its Northern counterpart: it run in the [[1994 Italian local elections]] in all the country and consequently against the League in Northern Italy.


After the fall of the [[Berlusconi I Cabinet]] because of disagreements with the Lega Nord, the alliance ended. In its place, Forza Italia, the National Alliance and Christian Democratic Centre formed another coalition, the [[Pole for Freedoms]], which in 2000, after the re-entry of Lega Nord, was renamed [[House of Freedoms]].<ref name="Vandelli2014">{{cite book|author=Vittorio Vandelli|title=1994-2014 Berlusconi’s new ventennio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MK4CBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT189|year=2014|publisher=Vittorio Vandelli|isbn=978-605-03-2890-5|page=189}}</ref>
After the fall of the [[Berlusconi I Cabinet]] because of disagreements with the Lega Nord, the alliance ended. In its place, Forza Italia, the National Alliance and Christian Democratic Centre formed another alliance, the [[Pole for Freedoms]], which in 2000, after the re-entry of Lega Nord, was renamed [[House of Freedoms]].<ref name="Vandelli2014">{{cite book|author=Vittorio Vandelli|title=1994–2014 Berlusconi's new ventennio|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MK4CBQAAQBAJ&pg=PT189|year=2014|publisher=Vittorio Vandelli|isbn=978-605-03-2890-5|page=189}}</ref>


==Composition==
==Composition==
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!Leader
!Leader
|-
|-
| bgcolor="{{Forza Italia/meta/color}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Forza Italia}}" |
| [[Forza Italia]] (FI)
| [[Forza Italia]] (FI)
| [[Liberal conservatism]]
| [[Liberal conservatism]]
| [[Silvio Berlusconi]]
| [[Silvio Berlusconi]]
|-
|-
| bgcolor="{{National Alliance (Italy)/meta/color}}" |
| bgcolor="{{party color|National Alliance (Italy)}}" |
| [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]] (AN)
| [[National Alliance (Italy)|National Alliance]]-[[Italian Social Movement]] (AN-MSI)
| [[National conservatism]]
| [[National conservatism]]
| [[Gianfranco Fini]]
| [[Gianfranco Fini]]
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| [[Liberalism]]
| [[Liberalism]]
| Adriano Teso
| Adriano Teso
|}

==Election results==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Election
! rowspan="2" | Leader
! colspan="4" | [[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]]
|-
! Votes
! %
! Seats
|-
! [[1994 Italian general election|1994]]
| [[Silvio Berlusconi]]
| 5,732,890
| 14.89
| {{Composition bar|129|475|hex={{party color|Pole of Freedoms}}}}
|}

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" | Election
! rowspan="2" | Leader
! colspan="4" | [[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Senate of the Republic]]
|-
! Votes
! %
! Seats
|-
| [[1994 Italian general election|1994]]
| [[Silvio Berlusconi]]
| 4,544,573
| 13.74
| {{Composition bar|64|315|hex={{party color|Pole of Freedoms}}}}
|}
|}


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{{Historical Italian political parties}}
{{Historical Italian political parties}}


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Pole of Good Government}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2010}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Pole Of Good Government}}
[[Category:Political parties established in 1994]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1994]]
[[Category:Defunct political party alliances in Italy]]
[[Category:Defunct political party alliances in Italy]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:1994 establishments in Italy]]
[[Category:Political career of Silvio Berlusconi]]


[[fr:Pôle des libertés - Pôle du bon gouvernement]]
[[fr:Pôle des libertés - Pôle du bon gouvernement]]

Latest revision as of 14:18, 29 March 2024

Pole of Good Government
Polo del Buon Governo
Leader
Founded1994
Dissolved1995
Succeeded byPole for Freedoms
Political positionCentre-right
National affiliationwith Pole of Freedoms
Centre-right coalition

The Pole of Good Government (Italian: Polo del Buon Governo) was a centre-right electoral, and later political alliance in Italy, launched at the 1994 general election by Silvio Berlusconi.[1] Its counterpart in Northern Italy was the Pole of Freedoms, both forming the first incarnation of the centre-right coalition.

History[edit]

The alliance was composed primarily of Forza Italia (FI) and the National Alliance (AN), while also including the Christian Democratic Centre (CCD), Union of the Centre (UdC) and Liberal Democratic Pole (PLD).[2][3] The Pole of Good Government was present only in most of Southern Italy, while the Pole of Freedoms, composed of Forza Italia and the Lega Nord, without the National Alliance, was present in Northern Italy.[4]

The term "Pole of Good Government" (as that of "Pole of Freedoms") had no official character: the logo that identified the coalition included just the symbols of the lists that were part of the alliance (furthermore, this symbol was only present for the election of the Senate). However, this alliance resulted stronger than its Northern counterpart: it run in the 1994 Italian local elections in all the country and consequently against the League in Northern Italy.

After the fall of the Berlusconi I Cabinet because of disagreements with the Lega Nord, the alliance ended. In its place, Forza Italia, the National Alliance and Christian Democratic Centre formed another alliance, the Pole for Freedoms, which in 2000, after the re-entry of Lega Nord, was renamed House of Freedoms.[5]

Composition[edit]

It was initially composed of the following political parties:

Party Ideology Leader
Forza Italia (FI) Liberal conservatism Silvio Berlusconi
National Alliance-Italian Social Movement (AN-MSI) National conservatism Gianfranco Fini
Christian Democratic Centre (CCD) Christian democracy Pier Ferdinando Casini
Union of the Centre (UdC) Liberalism Raffaele Costa
Liberal Democratic Pole (PLD) Liberalism Adriano Teso

Election results[edit]

Election Leader Chamber of Deputies
Votes % Seats
1994 Silvio Berlusconi 5,732,890 14.89
129 / 475
Election Leader Senate of the Republic
Votes % Seats
1994 Silvio Berlusconi 4,544,573 13.74
64 / 315

References[edit]

  1. ^ Sona Nadenichek Golder (2006). The Logic of Pre-electoral Coalition Formation. Ohio State University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-8142-1029-1.
  2. ^ Isabella Pezzini (2001). "Advertising politics on television: the party election broadcast". In Luciano Chelos; Lucio Sponza (eds.). The Art of Persuasion: Political Communication in Italy from 1945 to the 1990s. Manchester University Press. pp. 187–188. ISBN 978-0-7190-4170-9.
  3. ^ Stefan Köppl (2007). Das politische System Italiens: Eine Einführung. Springer-Verlag. p. 98. ISBN 978-3-531-14068-1.
  4. ^ Mark Donovan (2004). "The Italian State: No Longer Catholic, no Longer Christian". In Zsolt Enyedi; John T.S. Madeley (eds.). Church and State in Contemporary Europe. Routledge. p. 102. ISBN 978-1-135-76141-7.
  5. ^ Vittorio Vandelli (2014). 1994–2014 Berlusconi's new ventennio. Vittorio Vandelli. p. 189. ISBN 978-605-03-2890-5.
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