Nyköping Banquet: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|1317 Christmas celebration in Sweden}} |
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⚫ | The '''Nyköping Banquet''' ( |
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{{expand Swedish|topic=his|date=April 2024}} |
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{{refimprove|date=April 2024}} |
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⚫ | The '''Nyköping Banquet''' ({{lang-sv|Nyköpings gästabud}}) was King [[Birger, King of Sweden|Birger of Sweden]]'s [[Christmas]] celebration 11{{nbsp}}December 1317 at [[Nyköping Castle]] in [[Sweden]]. Among the guests were his two brothers [[Valdemar Magnusson|Duke Valdemar]] and [[Eric Magnusson (duke)|Duke Eric]], who later that night were imprisoned and have been assumed to have subsequently starved to death in the [[dungeon]] of Nyköping Castle. |
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==Prelude== |
== Prelude == |
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The dukes and |
The dukes Valdemar and Eric, brothers of King Birger, had earlier staged a [[coup d'état|coup]] against the king ([[Håtuna games]]). After the intervention of the Danish and Norwegian kings, a settlement was reached in 1310 and Sweden was divided among the brothers into three sovereign states. |
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[[File: |
[[File:Birger of Sweden (1280) bust 2009 Örebro (2) crop.jpg|thumb|150px|King Birger]] [[File:Erik-magnusson.gif|thumb|150px|Duke Eric's seal]] [[File:Waldemar of Sweden (1280s) seal 1905.jpg|thumb|150px|Duke Waldemar's seal]] |
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⚫ | Seven years later the dukes Valdemar and Eric were invited as a sign of reconciliation to celebrate Christmas with King Birger and Queen |
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⚫ | Seven years later, the dukes Valdemar and Eric were invited as a sign of reconciliation to celebrate Christmas with King Birger and [[Martha of Denmark|Queen Martha]] at Nyköping Castle. The banquet was held on the night between 10 and 11{{nbsp}}December 1317. The dukes' [[retinue]]s were lodged not in the castle, but in the town of Nyköping, the pretext being lack of space. After both dukes had retired to bed, the king's [[drost]] Brunke ([[Johan von Brunkow]]) arrived with a company of [[crossbow]]men and [[handcuff]]ed them. The following morning, the dukes' retinues were also apprehended. |
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{{cite web|url=http://sv.wikisource.org/wiki/Erikskr%C3%B6nikan|title=Erikskrönikan (Swedish Wikisource)}} paragraph 220 |
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:''Mynnes jder nakot aff hatwna leek? Fulgörla mynnes han mik'' |
:''Mynnes jder nakot aff hatwna leek? Fulgörla mynnes han mik'' |
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:(''Remember ye aught of the Håtuna Games? I remember them clearly'') |
:(''Remember ye aught of the Håtuna Games? I remember them clearly'') |
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===Imprisonment=== |
=== Imprisonment === |
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The dukes were imprisoned in the castle's [[dungeon]]. |
The dukes were imprisoned in the castle's [[dungeon]]. They knew that no mercy would be forthcoming from Birger so they had their [[will (law)|wills]] drawn up after five weeks. These documents, dated 18{{nbsp}}January 1318, survive today. Soon thereafter, both dukes died in the dungeon, according to tradition by drawn-out [[starvation]]. According to legend, King Birger threw the keys to the dungeon into the Nyköping river. A large medieval key was indeed found during the 19th century near the castle. |
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King Birger, however, had misjudged the political situation in the country. A rebellion broke out in 1318 against his rule, and he was forced to flee to [[Gotland]], whence he soon had to continue his flight to [[Denmark]]. |
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== Aftermath == |
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⚫ | Following a year of [[regent|regency]] by his mother [[Ingeborg of Norway|Duchess Ingeborg]], the three-year-old son of Duke Eric, [[Magnus IV of Sweden|Magnus (IV)]], was elected King in 1319 at the [[Stone of Mora]] in [[Uppland]]. King Birger's son [[Magnus Birgersson of Sweden|Magnus]] resisted forces that tried to take Castle Nyköping but was defeated and fled with the [[Seneschal in Scandinavia|senechal]] Brunke. They lost a sea action and were captured and executed in [[Stockholm]] in 1320. Brunke was executed on a sandy ridge which has since been known as the [[Brunkebergsåsen|Brunkeberg Esker]]; the heir apparent was decapitated on the [[Helgeandsholmen|Isle of the Holy Spirit]] where the [[Riksdag]] Building is today. The deposed king Birger died in 1321 in [[exile]] in Denmark. |
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⚫ | Thus, of the royal family, there remained only the old queen mother [[Helvig of Holstein]], (widow of [[Magnus Ladulås]]), the exiled Queen Martha, the young king Magnus IV (son of the late Duke Eric), his sister [[Euphemia of Sweden|Euphemia]], their mother Ingeborg and her cousin [[Ingeborg, Duchess of Öland|Duchess Ingeborg of Öland]] (widow of Duke Valdemar). |
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According to legend, king Birger threw the key of the dungeon to Nyköpingån (the stream which runs through Nyköping). A large Medieval key was indeed found during the 19th century near the castle. |
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== See also == |
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* [[Black Dinner]] |
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{{reflist}} |
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== External links == |
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* [http://sormlandsmuseum.se/besoka-och-gora/nykopingshus/schack-och-makt/ Shack och makt – Sörmlands museum (in Swedish)]{{dead link|date=April 2024}} |
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<references /> |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nykoping Banquet}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nykoping Banquet}} |
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[[Category:1317 in |
[[Category:1317 in Europe]] |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1317]] |
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[[Category:14th century in Sweden]] |
[[Category:14th century in Sweden]] |
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Revision as of 09:57, 20 April 2024
You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Swedish. (April 2024) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2024) |
The Nyköping Banquet (Swedish: Nyköpings gästabud) was King Birger of Sweden's Christmas celebration 11 December 1317 at Nyköping Castle in Sweden. Among the guests were his two brothers Duke Valdemar and Duke Eric, who later that night were imprisoned and have been assumed to have subsequently starved to death in the dungeon of Nyköping Castle.
Prelude
The dukes Valdemar and Eric, brothers of King Birger, had earlier staged a coup against the king (Håtuna games). After the intervention of the Danish and Norwegian kings, a settlement was reached in 1310 and Sweden was divided among the brothers into three sovereign states.
Treacherous arrests
Seven years later, the dukes Valdemar and Eric were invited as a sign of reconciliation to celebrate Christmas with King Birger and Queen Martha at Nyköping Castle. The banquet was held on the night between 10 and 11 December 1317. The dukes' retinues were lodged not in the castle, but in the town of Nyköping, the pretext being lack of space. After both dukes had retired to bed, the king's drost Brunke (Johan von Brunkow) arrived with a company of crossbowmen and handcuffed them. The following morning, the dukes' retinues were also apprehended.
According to the Eric Chronicles, King Birger himself was present, reminding the dukes of the Håtuna Games:[1]
- Mynnes jder nakot aff hatwna leek? Fulgörla mynnes han mik
- (Remember ye aught of the Håtuna Games? I remember them clearly)
Imprisonment
The dukes were imprisoned in the castle's dungeon. They knew that no mercy would be forthcoming from Birger so they had their wills drawn up after five weeks. These documents, dated 18 January 1318, survive today. Soon thereafter, both dukes died in the dungeon, according to tradition by drawn-out starvation. According to legend, King Birger threw the keys to the dungeon into the Nyköping river. A large medieval key was indeed found during the 19th century near the castle.
King Birger, however, had misjudged the political situation in the country. A rebellion broke out in 1318 against his rule, and he was forced to flee to Gotland, whence he soon had to continue his flight to Denmark.
Aftermath
Following a year of regency by his mother Duchess Ingeborg, the three-year-old son of Duke Eric, Magnus (IV), was elected King in 1319 at the Stone of Mora in Uppland. King Birger's son Magnus resisted forces that tried to take Castle Nyköping but was defeated and fled with the senechal Brunke. They lost a sea action and were captured and executed in Stockholm in 1320. Brunke was executed on a sandy ridge which has since been known as the Brunkeberg Esker; the heir apparent was decapitated on the Isle of the Holy Spirit where the Riksdag Building is today. The deposed king Birger died in 1321 in exile in Denmark.
Thus, of the royal family, there remained only the old queen mother Helvig of Holstein, (widow of Magnus Ladulås), the exiled Queen Martha, the young king Magnus IV (son of the late Duke Eric), his sister Euphemia, their mother Ingeborg and her cousin Duchess Ingeborg of Öland (widow of Duke Valdemar).
See also
References
- ^ "Erikskrönikan (Swedish Wikisource)". paragraph 220