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{{Short description|Church in Madrid, Spain}} |
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{{More citations needed|date=May 2023}} |
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The church of '''San Isidro el Real''', also known as the church of the '''Colegiata''' or Collegium of San Isidro, is a [[Baroque]] church in central [[Madrid]], central Spain. It is named after and holds the remains of the patron saint of Madrid, [[Isidore the Laborer]] and his wife [[Santa Maria de la Cabeza]]. |
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The '''Collegiate Church of''' '''San Isidro el Real''', also called the '''''Colegiata''''' or [[collegiate church]] of [[Isidore the Laborer|Saint Isidore the Labourer]], is a [[Baroque]] [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] church in central [[Madrid]], [[Spain]]. It is named after and holds the [[Relic|relics]] of the saint, who is [[Patron saint|patron]] of Madrid, as well as his wife, [[Santa María de la Cabeza]]. It has held the status of a [[Basilicas in the Catholic Church|minor basilica]] for centuries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/spain/0118.htm|title=Basílica Ex-Catedral de San Isidro|publisher=GCatholic.org|accessdate=10 February 2019}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The building replaced the 16th century [[parish church]] of Saints Peter and Paul, which had been demolished to make way for the [[Colegio Imperial de Madrid|Imperial College]] as per the will of [[Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress|Maria of Austria]], [[empress consort]] of [[Holy Roman Emperor]] [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian II]]. The Holy Roman Empress had instructed her fortune be left to the [[Jesuit Order|Society of Jesus]], for a new building to be constructed on the site. |
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The temple is due to a design by the architect Pedro Sánchez in 1620 . The works, began two years later and they were directed by the architect until his death in 1633. They were later continued by Francisco Bautista and Melchor de Bueras, who finished the construction in 1664. |
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The church replaced the parish of St. Peter and St. Paul (16th century), which was demolished to create the early Imperial College, following the instructions left in her will by Empress Mary of Austria (1528-1608), daughter of Charles I and sister to King Phillip II of Spain. The Empress bequeathed his fortune to the Jesuits Order so that a new building was to be built on the site of the demolished parish church. |
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It was designed by architect Pedro Sánchez in 1620, and work began two years later under the architect until his death in 1633. Francisco Bautista and Melchor de Bueras continued the project, finishing the church in 1664. It had been consecrated on 23 September 1651, 13 years before its completion. Associated with the Jesuits and initially dedicated to [[St. Francis Xavier|Saint Francis Xavier]] (an early and prominent Jesuit who is patron saint of [[Catholic missions]]), it became a collegiate church in 1767 after [[expulsion of the Jesuits|the Society’s expulsion]]. |
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Two years later in 1769, the church was rededicated to [[Isidore the Laborer|Saint Isidore]] to mark the [[Translation (relic)|translation]] of the saint's relics from the [[Chapel of Obispo de Madrid|Church of Saint Andrew]]. As Madrid’s patron, his remains had been kept since the 16th century in the [[Chapel of the Bishop, Madrid|Bishop's Chapel]] at Saint Andrew's; also translated were the relics of his wife, Saint [[Santa Maria de la Cabeza|Mary of the Head]]. The interior was reworked by the famous architect [[Ventura Rodríguez]], who designed a new, very decorative [[high altar]] and [[chancel]]. |
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With the canonical erection of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid]], the church was elevated to [[pro-cathedral]] in 1885. It held that rank until the 1993 completion of the present [[Almudena Cathedral]], at which point San Isidro was returned to collegiate status. Until then, the church also housed the Holy Christ of the Good Death, along with images the [[Veneration of Mary in the Catholic Church|Blessed Virgin Mary]], and Saint Isidore – works by [[Juan de Mesa]]. |
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The temple was consecrated on 23 September 1651, thirteen years before its completion . It was initially attached to before mentioned Jesuits order and placed under the avocation of St. Francis Xavier, one of the most distinguished Jesuits member and Saint patron of the Catholic Missions . However, in 1767, with the expulsion of the Jesuits, the temple became a collegiate church. |
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Two years later, in 1769, the temple came under the patronage of Saint Isidro, coinciding with the transfer of the saint's body from the Church of St. Andrew. St. Isidro is the Saint protector of the city of Madrid and his remaining had been guarded since the sixteenth century in the Bishop's Chapel at St. Andrew church. The relics of his wife Saint Mary of the Head were also transferred. |
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After the War, the church was painstakingly restored over two decades, with workers attempting to recreate its original features, such as a faithful replica of the Rodríguez high altar. The project culminated in the 1960s with the rise of a new section on the façade towers by architect Javier Barroso. |
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Its interior was then renovated by the famous architect Ventura Rodríguez, who designed a new chancel and high altar, along with a rich decoration. |
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Restoration of the chapel to the [[Our Lady of Mount Carmel]] (known as “Our Lady of the Sailors Chapel”) was paid for by the [[Embassy of the United Kingdom, Madrid|British Embassy in Madrid]]; the [[Coat of arms of the United Kingdom|Coat-of-Arms of the United Kingdom]] can be clearly seen above the altar. |
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In 1885, with the establishment of the Diocese of Madrid, the temple became the provisional cathedral in this city . The temple held that rank until 1993, when the current Almudena Cathedral was completed and it recovered the collegiate category . |
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After the war the temple was restored. The restoration slowly developed over two decades, trying to recover the original features, culminating in the 1960s with the rise of a new section on the towers of the facade by the architect Javier Barroso . A remarkable faithful replica of the high altar of Ventura Rodríguez was also made. As a curious note the restoration of one of the chapels (Our Lady of the Carmen or the Lady of the Sailors chapel) was paid by the British Embassy in Madrid. Therefore, the British coat of arms can be clearly seen over Our Lady altar. |
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==See also== |
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The temple housed, until the completion of the works of the Almudena Cathedral, images of the Virgin, of the St. Isidro and of the Christ of the Good Death, a masterful piece of work by Juan de Mesa, currently located at Almudena Cathedral, also in Madrid. |
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* [[Catholic Church in Spain]] |
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* [[List of Jesuit sites]] |
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* [[List of oldest church buildings]] |
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==Sources== |
==Sources== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*[http://www.gomadrid.com/sights/san-isidro-church.html Brief description] |
*[http://www.gomadrid.com/sights/san-isidro-church.html Brief description] |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category-inline|Colegiata de San Isidro}} |
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{{Subject bar |portal1= Architecture |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= Spain}} |
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{{Cathedrals in Spain}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches completed in 1664]] |
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[[Category:17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings]] |
[[Category:17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain]] |
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[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Madrid|Isidro]] |
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[[Category:Burial sites of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria)]] |
[[Category:Burial sites of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria)]] |
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[[Category:Baroque architecture in Madrid]] |
[[Category:Baroque architecture in Madrid]] |
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[[Category:1664 establishments in Spain]] |
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[[Category:Buildings and structures in Embajadores neighborhood, Madrid]] |
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[[Category:Basilica churches in Spain|Madrid]] |
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[[Category:Collegiate churches in Spain]] |
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Revision as of 14:11, 15 May 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2023) |
The Collegiate Church of San Isidro el Real, also called the Colegiata or collegiate church of Saint Isidore the Labourer, is a Baroque Catholic church in central Madrid, Spain. It is named after and holds the relics of the saint, who is patron of Madrid, as well as his wife, Santa María de la Cabeza. It has held the status of a minor basilica for centuries.[1]
History
The building replaced the 16th century parish church of Saints Peter and Paul, which had been demolished to make way for the Imperial College as per the will of Maria of Austria, empress consort of Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II. The Holy Roman Empress had instructed her fortune be left to the Society of Jesus, for a new building to be constructed on the site.
It was designed by architect Pedro Sánchez in 1620, and work began two years later under the architect until his death in 1633. Francisco Bautista and Melchor de Bueras continued the project, finishing the church in 1664. It had been consecrated on 23 September 1651, 13 years before its completion. Associated with the Jesuits and initially dedicated to Saint Francis Xavier (an early and prominent Jesuit who is patron saint of Catholic missions), it became a collegiate church in 1767 after the Society’s expulsion.
Two years later in 1769, the church was rededicated to Saint Isidore to mark the translation of the saint's relics from the Church of Saint Andrew. As Madrid’s patron, his remains had been kept since the 16th century in the Bishop's Chapel at Saint Andrew's; also translated were the relics of his wife, Saint Mary of the Head. The interior was reworked by the famous architect Ventura Rodríguez, who designed a new, very decorative high altar and chancel.
With the canonical erection of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid, the church was elevated to pro-cathedral in 1885. It held that rank until the 1993 completion of the present Almudena Cathedral, at which point San Isidro was returned to collegiate status. Until then, the church also housed the Holy Christ of the Good Death, along with images the Blessed Virgin Mary, and Saint Isidore – works by Juan de Mesa.
In 1936, at the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, the building caught fire, causing the dome to collapse and destroying many works of art including the Rodríguez high altar, as well as paintings by Luca Giordano Ricci.
After the War, the church was painstakingly restored over two decades, with workers attempting to recreate its original features, such as a faithful replica of the Rodríguez high altar. The project culminated in the 1960s with the rise of a new section on the façade towers by architect Javier Barroso.
Restoration of the chapel to the Our Lady of Mount Carmel (known as “Our Lady of the Sailors Chapel”) was paid for by the British Embassy in Madrid; the Coat-of-Arms of the United Kingdom can be clearly seen above the altar.
See also
Sources
- ^ "Basílica Ex-Catedral de San Isidro". GCatholic.org. Retrieved 10 February 2019.
External links
Media related to Colegiata de San Isidro at Wikimedia Commons
40°24′46″N 3°42′25″W / 40.41278°N 3.70694°W
- Roman Catholic churches completed in 1664
- 17th-century Roman Catholic church buildings in Spain
- Roman Catholic churches in Madrid
- Burial sites of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (Bulgaria)
- Baroque architecture in Madrid
- 1664 establishments in Spain
- Buildings and structures in Embajadores neighborhood, Madrid
- Basilica churches in Spain
- Collegiate churches in Spain