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In [[Buddhist]] context, a '''samanera''' ([[Pali]], [[Sanskrit]]: '''{{IAST|śrāmaṇera}}''') can be translated as novice monk. It literally means 'small [[Shramana|samana]]', or small renunciate, where 'small' has the meaning of boy or girl. In the [[Vinaya]] (monastic discipline), a man under the age of 20 cannot ordain as a [[bhikkhu]], but can ordain as a samanera. The female counterpart of the samanera is the [[samaneri]]. Samaneras and samaneris keep the [[ten precepts]] as their code of behaviour, and are devoted to the [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] religious life. |
In [[Buddhist]] context, a '''samanera''' ([[Pali]], [[Sanskrit]]: '''{{IAST|śrāmaṇera}}''') can be translated as novice monk. It literally means 'small [[Shramana|samana]]', or small renunciate, where 'small' has the meaning of boy or girl. In the [[Vinaya]] (monastic discipline), a man under the age of 20 cannot ordain as a [[bhikkhu]], but can ordain as a samanera. The female counterpart of the samanera is the [[samaneri]]. Samaneras and samaneris keep the [[ten precepts]] as their code of behaviour, and are devoted to the [[Buddhism|Buddhist]] religious life. |
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The issue of ordination is different for samaneras and samaneris; the rules governing higher ordination are different for samaneras and samaneris. |
The issue of ordination is different for samaneras and samaneris; the rules governing higher ordination are different for samaneras and samaneris. |
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The female form is '''samaneri''', a novice [[nun]] who lives according to the [[ten precepts]]. M A young woman is to be ordained, according to Theravada tradition, by both a monk and a nun, first as a samaneri. Then, after a year or at the age of 20, she will be ordained as a full [[bhikkhuni]]. The [[Theravada]] [[vinaya]] has 311 rules of discipline for bhikkhunis. Within [[China|Chinese]] society, as an example, members of the [[Sangha]] are expected to renounce family connections and accept the Sangha as their family. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[Ordination]] |
*[[Ordination]] |
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*[[Sangha#Ordination process]] |
*[[Sangha#Ordination process]] |
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*[[Sikkhamana]] |
*[[Sikkhamana]] |
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* [[anagarika]] (pre-ordaination) |
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* [[Buddhism]] |
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* [[Nuns]] |
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* [[International Congress on Buddhist Women's Role in the Sangha]] |
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* [[Sangha]] |
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* [[World Buddhist Sangha Council]] |
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== External links == |
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*[http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/vin/sv/bhikkhuni-pati.html ''The Bhikkhunis' Code of Discipline (''Bhikkhuni Patimokkha'') Translated from the Pali by Thanissaro Bhikkhu] |
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*[http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/thanissaro/bmc2/ch23.html ''Buddhist Monastic Code II: Bhikkhunis''] |
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*[http://santifm1.0.googlepages.com/writings the website of Santi Forest Monastery] contains several (ancient and modern) texts on the role and ordination of women in Buddhism. |
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*[http://bhikkhunicommittee.googlepages.com ''Bhikkhuni committee of the ASA''] includes a large resource of articles regarding Bhikkhunis |
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*[http://www.buddhamind.info/leftside/monastic/train.htm Monastic Resources - Training] |
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*[http://www.buddhapadipa.org/pages/buddhism_femalemonksinbuddhism.html "Female Monks In Buddhism"], by Dhammacaro (07/23/2005). |
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*[http://www.tipitaka.net/tipitaka/spectra/vinaya_pitaka "Vinaya Pitaka"], brief description includes "Order of ordination for men and women...." |
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[[Category:Pali words and phrases]] |
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[[Category:Women's rights in religious movements]] |
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Revision as of 10:52, 2 October 2007
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In Buddhist context, a samanera (Pali, Sanskrit: śrāmaṇera) can be translated as novice monk. It literally means 'small samana', or small renunciate, where 'small' has the meaning of boy or girl. In the Vinaya (monastic discipline), a man under the age of 20 cannot ordain as a bhikkhu, but can ordain as a samanera. The female counterpart of the samanera is the samaneri. Samaneras and samaneris keep the ten precepts as their code of behaviour, and are devoted to the Buddhist religious life.
After a year or at the age of 20, a samanera will be considered for the higher Bhikkhu or Bhikkhuni ordination (Pali: upasampada). Some monasteries will require people who want to ordain as a monk to be a novice for a set period of time, as a period of preparation and familiarization.
The issue of ordination is different for samaneras and samaneris; the rules governing higher ordination are different for samaneras and samaneris.
See also
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