Siboglinidae: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
←Blanked the page
Tag: blanking
m Reverted edits by 97.107.66.4 to last revision by Citation bot (HG)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Taxobox
| name = Siboglinidae
| image = Nur04505.jpg
| image_width = 250px
| image_caption = ''[[Riftia pachyptila]]''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| phylum = [[Annelid]]a
| classis = [[Polychaete|Polychaeta]]
| ordo = [[Canalipalpata]]
| familia = '''Siboglinidae'''
| familia_authority = [[Caullery]], 1914
| subdivision_ranks = [[Genus|Genera]]
| subdivision = See text.
}}

'''Siboglinidae''', also known as the '''beard worms''', is a [[family (biology)|family]] of [[polychaete]] [[Annelida|annelid worms]] whose members made up the former [[phylum|phyla]] '''Pogonophora''' (the [[giant tube worms]]) and '''Vestimentifera'''.<ref>{{cite journal | title=Close phylogenetic relationship between vestimentifera (tube worms) and annelida revealed by the amino acid sequence of elongation factor-lα | url=http://www.springerlink.com/content/v0nn766n67236503/ | doi=10.1007/BF00170463 | journal=Journal of Molecular Evolution | volume=37 | issue=1 | month=July | year=1993 | author=Shigeaki Kojima, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Masami Hasegawa, Shigenori Murata, Suguru Ohta, Humitake Seki and Norihiro Okada | pages=66–70}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author=Rouse G.W. |title=A cladistic analysis of Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914 (Polychaeta, Annelida): formerly the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera | url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ap/zj/2001/00000132/00000001/art00263 | journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society | volume=132 | issue=1 | month=May | year=2001 | pages=55–80 | doi = 10.1006/zjls.2000.0263 | format={{dead link|date=April 2009}} &ndash; <sup>[http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=intitle%3AA+cladistic+analysis+of+Siboglinidae+Caullery%2C+1914+%28Polychaeta%2C+Annelida%29%3A+formerly+the+phyla+Pogonophora+and+Vestimentifera&as_publication=Zoological+Journal+of+the+Linnean+Society&as_ylo=2001&as_yhi=2001&btnG=Search Scholar search]</sup>}}</ref> They are composed of about 100 species of vermiform creatures and live in thin tubes buried in sediments at ocean depths from 100 to 10,000 m. They can also be found in association with hydrothermal vents, [[cold seep|methane seep]]s, with sunken plant material or [[Whale fall|whale carcasses]].

==Anatomy==
Most are less than 1 mm in diameter but 10 to 75 cm in length. They have a complex [[closed circulatory system]] and a well developed [[nervous system]]. They are the only known animals that, as adults, completely lack a mouth, gut and anus.<ref>[[Ross Piper|Piper, Ross]] (2007), ''Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals'', [[Greenwood Press (publisher)|Greenwood Press]].</ref> Their body is divided into four regions; the cephalic lobe, forepart, trunk, and [[opisthosoma]]. The anterior is called the cephalic lobe, which bears from 1 to over 200 thin branchial [[tentacle]]s, which bears tiny side branches known as pinnules. Posterior to the cephalic lobe is the short forepart, and then the elongate trunk, which bears various annuli, papillae, and ciliary tracts. Posterior to the trunk is the short metamerically segmented opisthosoma, that contains serially arranged coelomic spaces separated by septa and bears external paired [[chaeta]]e.

==Vestimentiferans==
Like other tube worms, vestimentiferans are marine and [[wiktionary:benthic|benthic]]. ''[[Riftia pachyptila]]'', a vestimentiferan, is known only from the [[hydrothermal vent]] systems. The vestimentiferans possess an anterior first body part called the obturaculum. Their main trunk of the body bears winglike extensions, the vestimentum, from which their name is derived. Also, unlike other siboglinids that never have a [[digestive tract]], they have one that they completely lose during [[metamorphosis]]. They feed primarily on [[symbiotic]] hydrogen sulfide- or methane-oxidizing [[bacteria]] living in an internal organ, the trophosome. One gram of trophosome tissue can contain one billion bacteria. It is not completely understood how the worms instigate their relationship with the bacteria. One theory is that the very young worm has a vent on its body permitting the entry of the bacteria from the water.<ref>[[Ross Piper|Piper, Ross]] (2007), ''Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals'', [[Greenwood Press (publisher)|Greenwood Press]].</ref> Their body is divided into four regions; the cephalic lobe, forepart, trunk, and [[opisthosoma]].

The first specimen was dredged from the waters of what is now [[Indonesia]] in 1900. These specimens were given to French zoologist [[Maurice Caullery]], who studied them for nearly 50 years.

==Genera in the family Siboglinidae==
* ''[[Birsteinia]]''
* ''[[Choanophorus]]''
* ''[[Cyclobrachia]]''
* ''[[Lamellibrachia]]''
* ''[[Lamellisabella]]''
* ''[[Osedax]]''
* ''[[Paraescarpia]]''
* ''[[Ridgeia]]''
* ''[[Riftia]]''
* ''[[Siboglinoides]]''
* ''[[Siboglinum]]''
* ''[[Volvobrachia]]''

* {{Expand list|date=August 2008}}
== References ==
<references />

{{Wikispecies|Siboglinidae}}
{{Commons|Category:Pogonophora|Pogonophora}}

[[Category:Annelids]]


{{annelid-stub}}

{{Link FA|de}}

[[ca:Pogonòfor]]
[[cs:Vláknonošci]]
[[de:Bartwürmer]]
[[es:Pogonophora]]
[[eu:Pogonoforo]]
[[fr:Siboglinidae]]
[[ja:有鬚動物]]
[[pl:Rurkoczułkowce]]
[[ru:Погонофоры]]
[[sk:Pogonofóry]]
[[fi:Partamadot]]
[[sv:Skäggmaskar]]
[[th:หนอนท่อ]]
[[tr:Sakallı solucanlar]]
[[uk:Погонофори]]
[[zh:须腕动物门]]

Revision as of 14:57, 20 April 2009

Siboglinidae
Riftia pachyptila
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Annelida
Class:
Polychaeta
Order:
Canalipalpata
Family:
Siboglinidae

Caullery, 1914
Genera

See text.

Siboglinidae, also known as the beard worms, is a family of polychaete annelid worms whose members made up the former phyla Pogonophora (the giant tube worms) and Vestimentifera.[1][2] They are composed of about 100 species of vermiform creatures and live in thin tubes buried in sediments at ocean depths from 100 to 10,000 m. They can also be found in association with hydrothermal vents, methane seeps, with sunken plant material or whale carcasses.

Anatomy

Most are less than 1 mm in diameter but 10 to 75 cm in length. They have a complex closed circulatory system and a well developed nervous system. They are the only known animals that, as adults, completely lack a mouth, gut and anus.[3] Their body is divided into four regions; the cephalic lobe, forepart, trunk, and opisthosoma. The anterior is called the cephalic lobe, which bears from 1 to over 200 thin branchial tentacles, which bears tiny side branches known as pinnules. Posterior to the cephalic lobe is the short forepart, and then the elongate trunk, which bears various annuli, papillae, and ciliary tracts. Posterior to the trunk is the short metamerically segmented opisthosoma, that contains serially arranged coelomic spaces separated by septa and bears external paired chaetae.

Vestimentiferans

Like other tube worms, vestimentiferans are marine and benthic. Riftia pachyptila, a vestimentiferan, is known only from the hydrothermal vent systems. The vestimentiferans possess an anterior first body part called the obturaculum. Their main trunk of the body bears winglike extensions, the vestimentum, from which their name is derived. Also, unlike other siboglinids that never have a digestive tract, they have one that they completely lose during metamorphosis. They feed primarily on symbiotic hydrogen sulfide- or methane-oxidizing bacteria living in an internal organ, the trophosome. One gram of trophosome tissue can contain one billion bacteria. It is not completely understood how the worms instigate their relationship with the bacteria. One theory is that the very young worm has a vent on its body permitting the entry of the bacteria from the water.[4] Their body is divided into four regions; the cephalic lobe, forepart, trunk, and opisthosoma.

The first specimen was dredged from the waters of what is now Indonesia in 1900. These specimens were given to French zoologist Maurice Caullery, who studied them for nearly 50 years.

Genera in the family Siboglinidae

References

  1. ^ Shigeaki Kojima, Tetsuo Hashimoto, Masami Hasegawa, Shigenori Murata, Suguru Ohta, Humitake Seki and Norihiro Okada (1993). "Close phylogenetic relationship between vestimentifera (tube worms) and annelida revealed by the amino acid sequence of elongation factor-lα". Journal of Molecular Evolution. 37 (1): 66–70. doi:10.1007/BF00170463. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Rouse G.W. (2001). "A cladistic analysis of Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914 (Polychaeta, Annelida): formerly the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera" ([dead link] – Scholar search). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 132 (1): 55–80. doi:10.1006/zjls.2000.0263. {{cite journal}}: External link in |format= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ^ Piper, Ross (2007), Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals, Greenwood Press.
  4. ^ Piper, Ross (2007), Extraordinary Animals: An Encyclopedia of Curious and Unusual Animals, Greenwood Press.
Wikispecies has information related to Siboglinidae.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pogonophora.


Stub icon

This annelid-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Template:Link FA

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siboglinidae&oldid=285024153"