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Term: Red Bird, Ho-Chunk chief, 1788 - 1828 |
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'''Red Bird''' was a war chief of the (cho-cheek) (or "Winnebago" [[Ho-Chunk]]) tribe. He was born in [[1788]] and his name derived from the two preserved red birds that he wore as badges on each shoulder. He was a leader in the [[Winnebago War]] against the United States, which began when two of his tribesmen were unjustly punished by the government. He attacked white settlers in the area of [[Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin]], and was soon captured, brought to trial, and imprisoned. He died while in prison in [[1828]].<ref>[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/winnebago/winnebagochiefs.htm Winnebago Indian Chiefs and Leaders<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/dictionary/index.asp?action=view&term_id=2744&keyword=red+bird Red Bird, Ho-Chunk chief, 1788 - 1828<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> |
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(Note: birth date given in original as "ca. 1788.") Ho-Chunk chief. He was for many years one of the most friendly and trusted of the Wisconsin Indians. In the late 1820's Red Bird and his followers began to grow uneasy over the encroachments of lead miners on Indian land. The tribe was also disturbed by the mistaken belief that two Ho-Chunk had been put to death at Fort Snelling in 1826 for a murder they did not commit. Near Prairie du Chien on June 28, 1827, Red Bird and three companions followed the Indian code of revenge and under the influence of liquor murdered Registre Gagnier and Solomon Lipcap and seriously injured Gagnier's infant daughter. The Indians fled after Gagnier's wife and son escaped and gave the alarm in Prairie du Chien. On June 30, 1827, a band of Ho-Chunk fired on the Wisconsin River keelboat "Oliver Perry" killing two of the crew and wounding several others. With an Indian war threatening, the militia was mobilized and federal troops were dispatched to Prairie du Chien from Jefferson Barracks, Mo. To avert a general war, Red Bird and his companions surrendered at Portage on Sept. 2, 1827. Although the chief expected the dignity of being put to death, he was instead taken to Prairie du Chien where he died in prison. Several months later the other Indians were pardoned. One of the most dramatic incidents in Wisconsin history, the surrender of the proud and handsome chief became the subject of stories, paintings, and plays. Colls. State Hist. Soc. Wis., 5 (1868); P. L. Scanlan, Prairie du Chien ([Menasha, Wis.] 1937); A. E. Smith, James Duane Doty (Madison [1954]); WPA MS. |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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Revision as of 21:47, 21 June 2010
Red Bird was a war chief of the (cho-cheek) (or "Winnebago" Ho-Chunk) tribe. He was born in 1788 and his name derived from the two preserved red birds that he wore as badges on each shoulder. He was a leader in the Winnebago War against the United States, which began when two of his tribesmen were unjustly punished by the government. He attacked white settlers in the area of Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, and was soon captured, brought to trial, and imprisoned. He died while in prison in 1828.[1][2]
Notes
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