HMS Research (1863): Difference between revisions
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{{otherships|HMS Research}} |
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{{Infobox Ship Image |
{{Infobox Ship Image |
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| Ship image = [[File:HMS Research (1863).jpg|300px|]] |
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| Ship caption = ''Research'' in 1864 |
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{{Infobox Ship Career |
{{Infobox Ship Career |
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| Ship country = |
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| Ship flag = [[Image:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|60px|RN Ensign]] |
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| Ship name = HMS ''Research'' |
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| Ship namesake = |
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| Ship ordered = |
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| Ship builder = [[Pembroke Dock]]yard |
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| Ship laid down = 3 September 1861 |
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| Ship launched = 15 August 1863 |
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| Ship completed = 6 April 1864 |
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| Ship acquired = |
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| Ship commissioned = 6 April 1864 |
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| Ship decommissioned = |
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| Ship in service = |
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| Ship out of service = |
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| Ship struck = |
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| Ship reinstated = |
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| Ship honours = |
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| Ship fate = Laid up 1878<br>Sold for breaking, 1884 |
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| Ship notes = |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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| Ship class= |
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| Ship displacement='''Original''': 1,200 tons<br/> |
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'''On conversion''': 1,743 tons |
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| Ship tons burthen= |
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|Displacement on conversion: |
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| 1,743 tons |
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'''On conversion''': {{convert|38|ft|6|in|abbr=on}} |
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|Original length: |
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'''On conversion''': {{convert|13|ft|abbr=on}} light,<br/> {{convert|16|ft|4|in|abbr=on}} deep load |
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|Length on conversion: |
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| Ship depth= |
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| Ship hold depth= |
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|Original beam: |
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|Ship propulsion = |
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*Boulton and Watt horizontal single-expansion direct-acting steam engine |
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*2 × tubular boilers |
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|Beam on conversion: |
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*1 × hoisting {{convert|12|ft|m|0|adj=on}} screw |
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|Ship power=200 [[nominal horsepower]]<br>{{convert|1040|ihp|kW}} |
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|Original draught: |
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| {{convert| |
|Ship speed = {{convert|10.3|kn|km/h|0}} under power;<br/> {{convert|6|kn|km/h|0}}, best sailing speed |
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|Ship range = |
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|Draught on conversion: |
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|Ship armament = |
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'''1864''':<br> |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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'''1870''':<br> |
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| Ship propulsion = Boulton and Watt one-shaft horizontal direct |
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I.H.P. = 1,040 |
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|Ship notes = |
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| Ship speed = {{convert|10.3|kn|km/h|0}} under power;<br/> {{convert|6|kn|km/h|0}}, best sailing speed |
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|Armament 1870: |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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'''HMS ''Research''''' was a small [[ironclad warship]], converted from a wooden-hulled sloop and intended as an experimental platform in which to try out new concepts in armament and in armour. |
'''HMS ''Research''''' was a small [[ironclad warship]], converted from a wooden-hulled sloop and intended as an experimental platform in which to try out new concepts in armament and in armour. She was launched in 1863, laid up in 1878 and sold for breaking in 1884, having displayed serious limits as a warship. |
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==Background== |
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In the period from 1860 to 1865 the [[Board of Admiralty]] were seriously concerned at the speed with which France was producing ironclad warships. One of the steps taken to counter this perceived threat was the conversion of partially built British wooden ships into ironclads. (See [[Prince Consort class battleship|''Prince Consort'' class]]). |
In the period from 1860 to 1865 the [[Board of Admiralty]] were seriously concerned at the speed with which France was producing ironclad warships. One of the steps taken to counter this perceived threat was the conversion of partially built British wooden ships into ironclads. (See [[Prince Consort class battleship|''Prince Consort'' class]]). |
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==Construction== |
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The 17-gun sloop HMS ''Trent'' had been ordered in November 1860 as one of the ''Perseus'' class. She was selected for conversion to an ironclad, and her name was changed to HMS ''Research''. Although she had been building for a year work was not far advanced, and the necessary changes to her length and beam could easily be made. Her sloop ends were replaced by an oval stern and a ram bow, and the draught altered to give her a trim of {{convert|3 |
The 17-gun sloop HMS ''Trent'' had been ordered in November 1860 as one of the ''Perseus'' class. She was selected for conversion to an ironclad, and her name was changed to HMS ''Research''. Although she had been building for a year, work was not far advanced, and the necessary changes to her length and beam could easily be made. Her sloop ends were replaced by an oval stern and a ram bow, and the draught altered to give her a trim of {{convert|3+1/2|ft|m}} by the stern. |
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Her armament was carried in a midships armoured compartment which, when used in subsequent designs, became known as a box battery. The designed armament of seventeen guns was discarded, and the offensive power of the ship was concentrated into four 100-pounder [[Somerset cannon|Somerset smoothbore cannon]], which were at the time the most powerful guns afloat. While these guns were certainly much more effective against armour than smaller pieces, whether a two-gun broadside would have prevailed against more gernerously armed ironclads is open to question. |
Her armament was carried in a midships armoured compartment which, when used in subsequent designs, became known as a box battery. The designed armament of seventeen guns was discarded, and the offensive power of the ship was concentrated into four 100-pounder [[Somerset cannon|Somerset smoothbore cannon]], which were at the time the most powerful guns afloat. While these guns were certainly much more effective against armour than smaller pieces, whether a two-gun broadside would have prevailed against more gernerously armed ironclads is open to question. |
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For the first time, in this ship, a degree of axial fire was possible from broadside guns. The hull sides were recessed at either end of the battery, and gunports were constructed facing fore and aft to which the guns could be moved. Moving the guns in anything other than calm weather was a hazardous procedure. |
For the first time, in this ship, a degree of axial fire was possible from broadside guns. The hull sides were recessed at either end of the battery, and gunports were constructed facing fore and aft to which the guns could be moved. Moving the guns in anything other than calm weather was a hazardous procedure. |
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==Assessment== |
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''Research'' rolled excessively, and was normally retained in harbour during the winter months. Although [[Edward James Reed|Edward Reed]], her designer, had expected great things of her, the ''Standard'' of |
''Research'' rolled excessively, and was normally retained in harbour during the winter months. Although [[Edward James Reed|Edward Reed]], her designer, had expected great things of her, the ''Standard'' of 27 October 1865 said "probably the very worst vessel, both as a fighting machine and a sea-boat, that ever yet went out of a dockyard of any nation pretending to a maritime reputation". |
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==Service== |
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==Fate== |
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She was laid up in 1878 and sold for breaking in 1884.<ref name=RW>Winfield (2004) p.238</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905|editor=Gardiner, Robert |publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich|date=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4}} |
*{{cite book|title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905|editor=Gardiner, Robert |publisher=Conway Maritime Press|location=Greenwich|date=1979|isbn=0-8317-0302-4}} |
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*{{cite book|last=Parkes|first=Oscar|title=British Battleships|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, MD|year=1990|edition=reprint of the 1957|isbn=1-55750-075-4}} |
*{{cite book|last=Parkes|first=Oscar|title=British Battleships|publisher=Naval Institute Press|location=Annapolis, MD|year=1990|edition=reprint of the 1957|isbn=1-55750-075-4}} |
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*{{winfield}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Research}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Research}} |
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[[Category:1863 ships]] |
[[Category:1863 ships]] |
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[[Category:Unique ships]] |
[[Category:Unique ships]] |
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[[Category:Royal Navy sloops]] |
Revision as of 21:20, 9 September 2011
Research in 1864
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History | |
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Name | HMS Research |
Builder | Pembroke Dockyard |
Laid down | 3 September 1861 |
Launched | 15 August 1863 |
Completed | 6 April 1864 |
Commissioned | 6 April 1864 |
Fate | list error: <br /> list (help) Laid up 1878 Sold for breaking, 1884 |
General characteristics | |
Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) Original: 1,200 tons On conversion: 1,743 tons |
Length | list error: <br /> list (help) Original: 185 ft (56 m) On conversion: 195 ft (59 m) |
Beam | list error: <br /> list (help) Original: 33 ft 2 in (10.11 m) On conversion: 38 ft 6 in (11.73 m) |
Draught | list error: <br /> list (help) Original: 13 ft (4.0 m) light, 15 ft (4.6 m) deep load On conversion: 13 ft (4.0 m) light, 16 ft 4 in (4.98 m) deep load |
Installed power | list error: <br /> list (help) 200 nominal horsepower 1,040 indicated horsepower (780 kW) |
Propulsion |
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Sail plan | Barque rig, sail area 18,250 sq ft (1,695 m2) |
Speed | list error: <br /> list (help) 10.3 knots (19 km/h) under power; 6 knots (11 km/h), best sailing speed |
Complement | 150 |
Armament | list error: <br /> list (help) 1864:
1870:
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Armour | list error: <br /> list (help) 4.5 inch belt and battery 4.5 inch bulkheads |
HMS Research was a small ironclad warship, converted from a wooden-hulled sloop and intended as an experimental platform in which to try out new concepts in armament and in armour. She was launched in 1863, laid up in 1878 and sold for breaking in 1884, having displayed serious limits as a warship.
Background
In the period from 1860 to 1865 the Board of Admiralty were seriously concerned at the speed with which France was producing ironclad warships. One of the steps taken to counter this perceived threat was the conversion of partially built British wooden ships into ironclads. (See Prince Consort class).
Construction
The 17-gun sloop HMS Trent had been ordered in November 1860 as one of the Perseus class. She was selected for conversion to an ironclad, and her name was changed to HMS Research. Although she had been building for a year, work was not far advanced, and the necessary changes to her length and beam could easily be made. Her sloop ends were replaced by an oval stern and a ram bow, and the draught altered to give her a trim of 3+1⁄2 feet (1.1 m) by the stern.
Armament
Her armament was carried in a midships armoured compartment which, when used in subsequent designs, became known as a box battery. The designed armament of seventeen guns was discarded, and the offensive power of the ship was concentrated into four 100-pounder Somerset smoothbore cannon, which were at the time the most powerful guns afloat. While these guns were certainly much more effective against armour than smaller pieces, whether a two-gun broadside would have prevailed against more gernerously armed ironclads is open to question.
For the first time, in this ship, a degree of axial fire was possible from broadside guns. The hull sides were recessed at either end of the battery, and gunports were constructed facing fore and aft to which the guns could be moved. Moving the guns in anything other than calm weather was a hazardous procedure.
Assessment
Research rolled excessively, and was normally retained in harbour during the winter months. Although Edward Reed, her designer, had expected great things of her, the Standard of 27 October 1865 said "probably the very worst vessel, both as a fighting machine and a sea-boat, that ever yet went out of a dockyard of any nation pretending to a maritime reputation".
Service
She served in the Channel Fleet from 1864 to 1866, and in the Mediterranean from 1871 to 1878.
Fate
She was laid up in 1878 and sold for breaking in 1884.[1]
References
- ^ Winfield (2004) p.238
- Gardiner, Robert, ed. (1979). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860-1905. Greenwich: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-8317-0302-4.
- Parkes, Oscar (1990). British Battleships (reprint of the 1957 ed.). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-075-4.
- Winfield, R.; Lyon, D. (2004). The Sail and Steam Navy List: All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815–1889. London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-032-6. OCLC 52620555.