Macushi: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Ethnic group |
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{{Unreferenced|article sections "Origins", "Lifestyle", "History"|date=December 2006}} |
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|group = Macushi |
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|image = |
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|caption = |
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|population = 29,931 (2010)<ref name=intro>[http://pib.socioambiental.org/en/povo/makuxi "Macuxi: Introduction."] ''Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012</ref> |
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|region1 = {{Flag|Brazil}} |
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|pop1 = 19,000 (2001)<ref name=ethno/><ref name=ethno>[http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mbc "Macushi."] ''Ethnologue.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012.</ref> |
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|region2 = {{Flag|Guyana}} |
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|pop2 = 9,500 (2001)<ref name=ethno/> |
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|region3 = {{Flag|Venezuela}} |
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|pop3 = 83 (2001)<ref name=intro/> |
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|languages = [[Macushi language|Macushi]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], and [[Spanish language|Spanish]]<ref name=ethno/> |
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|religions = traditional tribal religion |
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|related = |
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}} |
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The ''' |
The '''Macushi''' ({{lang-pt|Macuxi}}) are an [[indigenous peoples of the Americas|indigenous people]] living in the borderlands of southern [[Guyana]], northern [[Brazil]] in the provine of [[Roraima]], and the eastern of [[Venezuela]].<ref name=ethno/> |
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==Name== |
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The Macushi are also known as the Macusi, Macussi, Makushi, Makusi, Makuxi, Teueia, and Teweya people.<ref name=ethno/> |
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==Language== |
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Macushi people speak the [[Macushi language]], a Macushi-Kapon language, which is part of the [[Carib language family]]. Some in Brazil also speak [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], while some in Venezuela speak [[Spanish language|Spanish]], and some in Venezuela speak [[English language|English]]. The Macushi language is written in the [[Latin script]], and the [[New Testament]] was translated into the language in 1996.<ref name=ethno/> |
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==Lifestyle== |
==Lifestyle== |
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They live in villages linked together by tracks and paths, with houses built round a central courtyard. When married, the Macushi couple lives in the wife's family's village and the father-in-law is of great importance in Macushi kinship. |
They live in villages linked together by tracks and paths, with houses built round a central courtyard. When married, the Macushi couple lives in the wife's family's village and the father-in-law is of great importance in Macushi kinship. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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| ⚫ | Macushi [[oral history]] describes them as descendants of the sun's children, who created fire, as well as diseases, and they also believe they discovered ''Washacá'', the [[Tree of Life]]. The Macushi believe in the life principle – ''stkaton'' – and they believe it comes from the sun.{{cn|date=July 2012}} |
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| ⚫ | [[Cuthbert Cary-Elwes]], a [[Jesuit]] [[missionary]] settled among the Macushi of the [[Rupununi]] Region (Guyana) in 1909, learned the language and stayed with them for more than 23 years. |
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| ⚫ | [[Cuthbert Cary-Elwes]], a [[Jesuit]] [[missionary]] settled among the Macushi of the [[Rupununi]] Region (Guyana) in 1909, learned the language and stayed with them for more than 23 years.<ref>[http://www.guyanajesuits.org/mission/Kurukabaru%20and%20Lethem/interior/interior.php "The Interior."] ''The Jesuits in Guyana.'' Retrieved 30 July 2012.</ref> |
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During the 18th century, non-native people occupied Macushi territory, establishing mission villages and farms and forcing Macushi people to relocate.<ref name=intro/> |
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The Brazilian Government have set up schools, as well as hospitals for the Macushi and since 2005 they are campaigning for land rights to be recognized throughout Brazil. Some individuals from the Macushi tribe are very well educated. In the trial for the land rights, Joênia Batista de Carvalho Wapichna was the first lawyer with Indian roots to give a speech in the STF (Superior Tribunal Federal). |
The Brazilian Government have set up schools, as well as hospitals for the Macushi and since 2005 they are campaigning for land rights to be recognized throughout Brazil. Some individuals from the Macushi tribe are very well educated. In the trial for the land rights, Joênia Batista de Carvalho Wapichna was the first lawyer with Indian roots to give a speech in the STF (Superior Tribunal Federal). |
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==Notes== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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* |
*Cuthbert, Cary-Elwes. Bridges, John, ed. ''Rupununi Mission: the story of Cuthbert Cary-Elwes''. London: Jesuit Missionsstka, 1985. |
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* [http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=mbc Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (ed.), 2005. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Fifteenth edition. Dallas, Tex.: SIL International.] |
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==External links== |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Macushi}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Macushi People}} |
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[[Category:Ethnic groups in Brazil]] |
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Brazil]] |
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[[Category:Ethnic groups in Guyana]] |
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Guyana]] |
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[[Category:Ethnic groups in Venezuela]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Brazil]] |
[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Brazil]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Guyana]] |
[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Guyana]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous peoples in Venezuela]] |
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[[Category:Indigenous peoples of the Guianas]] |
[[Category:Indigenous peoples of the Guianas]] |
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Revision as of 18:57, 30 July 2012
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 29,931 (2010)[1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
 Brazil | 19,000 (2001)[2][2] |
 Guyana | 9,500 (2001)[2] |
 Venezuela | 83 (2001)[1] |
| Languages | |
| Macushi, Portuguese, and Spanish[2] | |
| Religion | |
| traditional tribal religion | |
The Macushi (Portuguese: Macuxi) are an indigenous people living in the borderlands of southern Guyana, northern Brazil in the provine of Roraima, and the eastern of Venezuela.[2]
Name
The Macushi are also known as the Macusi, Macussi, Makushi, Makusi, Makuxi, Teueia, and Teweya people.[2]
Language
Macushi people speak the Macushi language, a Macushi-Kapon language, which is part of the Carib language family. Some in Brazil also speak Portuguese, while some in Venezuela speak Spanish, and some in Venezuela speak English. The Macushi language is written in the Latin script, and the New Testament was translated into the language in 1996.[2]
Lifestyle
They live in villages linked together by tracks and paths, with houses built round a central courtyard. When married, the Macushi couple lives in the wife's family's village and the father-in-law is of great importance in Macushi kinship.
History
Macushi oral history describes them as descendants of the sun's children, who created fire, as well as diseases, and they also believe they discovered Washacá, the Tree of Life. The Macushi believe in the life principle – stkaton – and they believe it comes from the sun.[citation needed]
Cuthbert Cary-Elwes, a Jesuit missionary settled among the Macushi of the Rupununi Region (Guyana) in 1909, learned the language and stayed with them for more than 23 years.[3]
During the 18th century, non-native people occupied Macushi territory, establishing mission villages and farms and forcing Macushi people to relocate.[1]
The Brazilian Government have set up schools, as well as hospitals for the Macushi and since 2005 they are campaigning for land rights to be recognized throughout Brazil. Some individuals from the Macushi tribe are very well educated. In the trial for the land rights, Joênia Batista de Carvalho Wapichna was the first lawyer with Indian roots to give a speech in the STF (Superior Tribunal Federal).
Notes
- ^ a b c "Macuxi: Introduction." Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 30 July 2012
- ^ a b c d e f g "Macushi." Ethnologue. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
- ^ "The Interior." The Jesuits in Guyana. Retrieved 30 July 2012.
References
- Cuthbert, Cary-Elwes. Bridges, John, ed. Rupununi Mission: the story of Cuthbert Cary-Elwes. London: Jesuit Missionsstka, 1985.
External links
- Dramatic video shows attack on Indian village 20 June 2008