Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica: Difference between revisions
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| image = Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium 01.jpg |
| image = Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium 01.jpg |
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| image_caption = ''Salmonella'' Typhimurium colonies on a [[ |
| image_caption = ''Salmonella'' Typhimurium colonies on a [[Hektoen enteric agar|Hektoen enteric agar plate]] |
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| regnum = [[Bacterium|Eubacteria]] |
| regnum = [[Bacterium|Eubacteria]] |
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| phylum = [[Proteobacteria]] |
| phylum = [[Proteobacteria]] |
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Revision as of 22:38, 2 February 2013
| Salmonella enterica | |
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| Salmonella Typhimurium colonies on a Hektoen enteric agar plate | |
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| Species: | S. enterica
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| Subspecies: | S. enterica enterica
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Salmonella enterica enterica is a subspecies of Salmonella enterica, the rod-shaped, flagellated, aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium. It is a member of the genus Salmonella.[1] Many of the pathogenic serovars of the S. enterica species are in this subspecies.[2]
Serovars
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Since there are more than 2500 serovars of S. enterica enterica, this list is incomplete.
- Salmonella Choleraesuis
- Salmonella Dublin
- Salmonella Enteritidis
- Salmonella Gallinarum
- Salmonella Hadar
- Salmonella Heidelberg
- Salmonella Infantis
- Salmonella Paratyphi
- Salmonella Typhi
- Salmonella Typhimurium
Nomenclature
The serovars can be designated fully or in a shortened form.[3] The short form lists the genus, Salmonella, which is followed by the capitalized and non-italicized serovar. The full designation for Salmonella Typhi is Salmonella enterica enterica, serovar Typhi. Each serovar can have many strains, as well, which allows for a rapid increase in the total number of antigenically variable bacteria.[4]
Treatment
Electrolytes may be replenished with oral rehydration supplements (typically containing salts sodium chloride and potassium chloride). Appropriate antibiotics, such as ceftriaxone, are given to kill the bacteria. Azithromycin has been suggested to be better at treating typhoid in resistant populations than both fluoroquinolone drugs and ceftriaxone. Antibiotic resistance rates are increasing throughout the world, so health care providers should check current recommendations before choosing an antibiotic.
Epidemiology
References
- ^ Giannella RA (1996). Salmonella. In: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ^ Medical Microbiology (6th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Mosby Elsevier. 2009. p. 307.
{{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter|authors=(help) - ^ http://www.bacterio.cict.fr/salmonellanom.html
- ^ http://www.sanger.ac.uk/Projects/Salmonella/
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