Oryza glaberrima: Difference between revisions
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|image_caption = Seeds of ''Oryza glaberrima'' |
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Revision as of 22:39, 29 November 2013
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2013) |
Oryza glaberrima | |
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Seeds of Oryza glaberrima | |
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Species: | O. glaberrima
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Oryza glaberrima |
Oryza glaberrima, commonly known as African rice, is a domesticated rice species. African rice is believed to have been domesticated 2,000–3,000 years ago in the inland delta of the Upper Niger river, in what is now Mali.[1] Its wild ancestor, which still grows wild in Africa, is Oryza barthii.
This species is grown in West Africa. African rice often shows more tolerance to fluctuations in water depth, iron toxicity, infertile soils, severe climatic conditions and human neglect, and exhibits better resistance to various pests and diseases, such as nematodes (Heterodera sacchari and Meloidogyne spp.), African gall midge, RSNV, rice yellow mottle virus and the parasitic plants Striga. The species shows several negative characteristics with respect to the Asian rice species O. sativa, such as brittle grain and cracking during industrial polishing.[2] More importantly, it consistently shows lower yields than O. sativa.[citation needed]
Scientist from the Africa Rice Center managed to cross-breed African rice with Asian rice varieties to produce an interspecific cultivar called NERICA, which is an acronym for "New Rice for Africa".
References
- ^ Linares 2002, African rice (Oryza glaberrima): History and future potential. PNAS 99:16360-16365
- ^ Carney 2009 [1]