Ostrov, Ostrovsky District, Pskov Oblast: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 12:54, 26 December 2013
Ostrov
Остров | |
|---|---|
.png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Ostrov  | |
  Ostrov Location of Ostrov  Ostrov Ostrov (Pskov Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 57°20′0″N 28°21′0″E / 57.33333°N 28.35000°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Pskov Oblast |
| Administrative district | Ostrovsky District[1] |
| Founded | 1341 (Julian) |
| Elevation | 60 m (200 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 21,668 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 20,427 (−5.7%) |
| • Capital of | Ostrovsky District[1] |
| • Municipal district | Ostrovsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Ostrov Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Ostrovsky Municipal District, Ostrov Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 181350 |
| OKTMO ID | 58633101001 |
Ostrov (Russian: О́стров, lit. island) is a town and the administrative center of Ostrovsky District of Pskov Oblast, Russia, located on the Velikaya River, 55 kilometers (34 mi) south of Pskov. Municipally, it is incorporated as Ostrov Urban Settlement in Ostrovsky Municipal District.[4] Population: 21,668 (2010 Russian census);[2] 25,078 (2002 Census);[7] 29,060 (1989 Soviet census);[8] 27,000 (1974).
Etymology
The name of the town, which means "island" in Russian, originates from the island on the Velikaya, on which the Ostrov fortress was originally built.
History
Ostrov was founded as a fortress in the end of the 13th century and first mentioned under 1342. It had been an important military outpost throughout the 15th-16th centuries. In particular, the only time it was conquered was 1501 (by the Livonian Order after the Battle of the Siritsa River). In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate). Ostrov is specifically mentioned as one of the towns making the governorate. In 1727, separate Novgorod Governorate was split off, and in 1772, Pskov Governorate (which between 1777 and 1796 existed as Pskov Viceroyalty) was established. Catherine the Great incorporated it as a town in 1777.[9]
On August 1, 1927, the uyezds were abolished, and Ostrov became the administrative center of Ostrovsky District. The governorates were abolished as well, and the district became a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were also abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. Between March 22, 1935 and September 19, 1940, Ostrovsky District was a part of Pskov Okrug of Leningrad Oblast, one of the okrugs abutting the state boundaries of the Soviet Union. Between 6 July 1941 and 21 July 1944, Ostrov was occupied by German troops. An underground resistance group was active in Ostrov during the war. On August 23, 1944, the district was transferred to newly established Pskov Oblast.[10]
Economy
Industry
The economy of Ostrov is based on food, electronic, and textile industries (5.4%).[11]
Transportation
A railway from St. Petersburg via Pskov to Pytalovo and further to Rēzekne in Latvia passes Ostrov. In Latvia, it provides access to Riga and Vilnius (via Daugavpils). As of 2012, there was passenger traffic on the railway.
The M20 highway, which connects St. Petersburg and Vitebsk via Pskov, passes Ostrov as well. Ostrov is the northern terminus of the European route E262, which proceeds to Kaunas via Rēzekne and Daugavpils. There are also road connections from Ostrov northwest to Pechory via Palkino, northeast to Porkhov, and southeast to Novorzhev, as well as local roads.
Military
The town was home to Ostrov air base, a major medium-range bomber base during the Cold War.
Culture and recreation
The town possesses a Neoclassical cathedral from 1790 and a typical Pskovian church from 1543. Close at hand is a historical suspension bridge, opened in 1853 (winter view, summer view).
Ostrov hosts the Ostrov District Museum, the only museum in the district.[12]
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 58 212 501», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 58 212 501, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c d Law #420-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 338. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ Герасимёнок, Т. Е.; Н. В. Коломыцева, И. С. Пожидаев, С. М. Фёдоров, К. И. Карпов (2002). Территориальное деление Псковской области (in Russian). Pskov. ISBN 5-94542-031-X.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Экономика" (in Russian). Портал муниципальных образований Псковской области. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
- ^ "Островский краеведческий музей" (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
Sources
- Псковское областное Собрание депутатов. Закон №833-оз от 5 февраля 2009 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Псковской области». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №20, 10 февраля 2009 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #833-oz of February 5, 2009 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Pskov Oblast. Effective as of the official publication date.).
- Псковское областное Собрание депутатов. Закон №420-оз от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области», в ред. Закона №1542-ОЗ от 5 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Псковской области "Об установлении границ и статусе вновь образуемых муниципальных образований на территории Псковской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Псковская правда", №41–43, №44–46, №49–51, 4 марта 2005 г., 5 марта 2005 г., 11 марта 2005 г. (Pskov Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #420-oz of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast, as amended by the Law #1542-OZ of June 5, 2015 On Amending the Law of Pskov Oblast "On Establishing the Borders and the Status of the Newly Formed Municipal Formations on the Territory of Pskov Oblast". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links