Plasma membrane monoamine transporter
The plasma membrane monoamine transporter (PMAT) is a low-affinity monoamine transporter protein.
This protein is an integral membrane protein that transports the monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine) as well as adenosine,[1] from synaptic spaces into presynaptic neurons or neighboring glial cells. It is abundantly expressed in the human brain[2] and skeletal muscle. It is relatively insensitive to the high affinity inhibitors (such as SSRIs) of the SLC6A monoamine transporters (SERT, DAT, NET).
It has 530 amino acid residues with 10–12 transmembrane segments, and is not homologous to other known monoamine transporters. It was initially identified by a search of the draft human genome database by its sequence homology to ENTs (equilibrative nucleoside transporters).[3]
Inhibitors
No highly selective PMAT inhibitors are yet available, but a number of existing compounds have been found to act as weak inhibitors of this transporter.[4]
References
- ^ Xia L, Zhou M, Kalhorn TF, Ho HT, Wang J. Podocyte-specific expression of organic cation transporter PMAT: implication in puromycin aminonucleoside nephrotoxicity. American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology. 2009 Jun;296(6):F1307-13. PMID 19357181
- ^ Dahlin A, Xia L, Kong W, Hevner R, Wang J. Expression and immunolocalization of the plasma membrane monoamine transporter in the brain. Neuroscience. 2007 May 25;146(3):1193-211. PMID 17408864
- ^ Engel K, Zhou M, Wang J. Identification and characterization of a novel monoamine transporter in the human brain. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 2004 Nov 26;279(48):50042-9. PMID 15448143
- ^ Engel K, Wang J. Interaction of organic cations with a newly identified plasma membrane monoamine transporter. Molecular Pharmacology. 2005 Nov;68(5):1397-407. PMID 16099839