Reconnaissance and Battle of Porto Bello (1739): Difference between pages
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The '''Battle of Porto Bello''' (or the '''Battle of Portobello''') was a 1739 battle between a British naval force aiming to capture the settlement of [[Portobelo, Panama|Portobelo]] in Panama, and its Spanish defenders. It took place during the [[War of the Austrian Succession]], in the early stages of the war sometimes known as [[The War of Jenkin's Ear]]. It resulted in a descisive and popularly acclaimed British victory. |
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{{for|Network reconnaissance (computer security)| Vulnerability scanner}} |
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[[Image:CaptMruk recce Soviet Aug1944 Rad-Kie.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Mixed reconnaissance patrol of the Polish [[Home Army]] and the Soviet [[Red Army]] during [[Operation Tempest]], 1944]] |
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==Background== |
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'''Reconnaissance''' (also ''scouting'') is a military and medical term denoting exploration conducted to gain information. Militarily, it's shorthand Australian, Canadian, and British form is ''recce'' ({{pronEng|ˈrɛki}}), its American U.S.A. and [[U.S.M.C.]] usage form is ''recon'' ({{pronEng|ˈriːkɒn}}). The associated, linguistic forms are the verb ''reconnoitre'' in British spelling, and ''reconnoiter'' in American spelling; informally, ''recce'' and ''recon'' are used as a verb. |
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The settlement of [[Portobello]] was a major Spanish naval base on the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. Following the failure of an earlier British naval force to take Porto Bello in 1729, [[Vice Admiral]] [[Edward Vernon]] had repeatedly claimed he could capture it with just "six ships".<ref>Simms p.276</ref> Following his appointment to command the [[Jamaica Station]], Vernon organised an expedition with just six ships, despite criticism that this was far too few. Vernon was a strong advocate of small squadrons hitting hard and moving fast.<ref>Rodgers p.236</ref> |
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==Battle== |
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Militarily, ''reconnaissance'' is the active seeking to determine a foe's intentions by collecting and gathering information about an enemy's composition and capabilities along with pertinent environmental conditions, via direct observation, usually by scouts or military intelligence soldiers especially trained in critical surveillance. |
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Vernon's force appeared off Porto Bello on [[November 20]] [[1739]]. After a twenty four hour seige, the Spanish garrison surrendered. The British occupied the town for three weeks, destroying the fortress and other key buildings and ending the settlement's main function as a major Spanish maritime base, before withdrawing.<ref>Rodgers p.236</ref> |
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==Legacy== |
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Reconnaissance is part of [[Military intelligence|combat intelligence]], and contributes to, and is managed by, the government-level [[intelligence cycle management]]. Compare to [[counterintelligence]] and [[surveillance]], which are the passive gathering of data and information. [[Special reconnaissance]] is the reconnaissance sub-activity of clandestinely collecting data and information by people and with technology behind enemy lines. |
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The capture of Porto Bello became seen as a popular triumph throughout the British Empire and the name [[Portobello]] became frequently used to commemorate the battle such as the [[Portobello Road]] in London, and [[Porto Bello]] in [[Virginia]]. It was particullarly well received in America, where the Spanish had been preying on British shipping.<ref>Simms p.276</ref> |
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Admiral Vernon became a popular hero, and himself was commemorated in several names perhaps most famously [[Mount Vernon]] the estate of [[George Washington]].<ref>Simms p.276-77</ref> Vernon was a notable opponent of the British government, and in the wake of the victory he was one of the advocates of a more belligerent approach towards Britain's enemies. |
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Civil uses of the term ''reconnaissance'' occur in [[geology]], the "examination or survey of the general geological characteristics of a region", <ref>[http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Reconnaissance Definitions from Dictionary.com]</ref> and in computer networking and security it is an "exploration or enumeration of network infrastructure including network addresses, available communication ports, and available services." |
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The effect on [[Portobelo, Panama|Porto Bello]] was devestating, and the economy of the town did not recover fully until the building of the [[Panama Canal]] more than a century later. |
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Teh Halo 3 Reconz |
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==Bibliography== |
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It Stands For Halo 3 Reconz |
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* Rodgers, N.A.M. The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649-1815. |
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* Simms, Brendan. Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire. Penguin Books (2008) |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Conflicts in 1759|{{PAGENAME}}]] |
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== See also == |
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[[Category:Battles of the War of the Austrian Succession]] |
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[[Category:Naval battles involving Great Britain]] |
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* [[Formation Reconnaissance Regiment]] |
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[[Category:Naval battles involving Spain]] |
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* [[Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition, and Reconnaissance]] |
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* [[Special Reconnaissance Regiment]] |
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* [http://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A6rlig_St%C3%B8tte_og_Rekognoscering Særlig Støtte og Rekognoscering SSR - Special Support & Reconnaissance Coy (Danish)] |
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* [[U.S. Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance]] |
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* [[Radio Reconnaissance Platoon|U.S. Marine Corps Radio Reconnaissance]] |
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* U.S. Army [[Long Range Surveillance]] |
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* [[Joint Functional Component Command for Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance]] |
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* [[The South Alberta Light Horse]] |
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* [[The Queen's York Rangers (1st American Regiment) (RCAC)]] |
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* [[The Ontario Regiment (RCAC)]] |
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* [[United States Cavalry]] |
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* [[Surveillance aircraft]] |
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* [[Military Assistance Command, Vietnam Studies and Observations Group]] |
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* [[Rogers' Rangers]] |
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* [[Traditional Apache scout]]s and [[U.S. Army Indian Scouts]] |
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* [[Pathfinders (military)|Airborne pathfinders]] |
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* [[Reconnaissance Corps]] |
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* 4th Reconnaissance Regiment ([[4th Princess Louise Dragoon Guards]]) |
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* [[7th Reconnaissance Regiment (17th Duke of York's Royal Canadian Hussars)]] |
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* [[8th Reconnaissance Regiment (14th Canadian Hussars)]] |
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* 3rd Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment ([[The Governor General%27s Horse Guards]]) |
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* 29th Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment ([[The South Alberta Regiment]]) |
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== External links == |
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{{Wiktionary}} |
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* [http://www.isayeret.com Israeli Special Forces Recon Units at isayeret.com] |
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* U.S. Centennial of Flight Commission: "Military Use of Balloons During the Napoleonic Era". [http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Lighter_than_air/Napoleon's_wars/LTA3.htm Accessed April 1, 2007]. |
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* [http://www.RC135.com "A Tale of Two Airplanes"] by Ltc. Kingdon R. Hawes |
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[[Category:French words and phrases]] |
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[[Category:Maneuver tactics|Reconnaissance]] |
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[[Category:Military cartography]] |
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[[de:Militärische Aufklärung]] |
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[[es:Reconocimiento]] |
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[[fr:Éclaireur]] |
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[[io:Explorado]] |
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[[it:Ricognizione]] |
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[[he:סיור]] |
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[[lv:Rekognoscēšana]] |
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[[ja:偵察]] |
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[[no:Oppklaring]] |
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[[pl:Rekonesans]] |
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[[ru:Рекогносцировка]] |
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[[scn:Ricanucenza]] |
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[[simple:Reconnaissance]] |
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[[sv:Rekognosering]] |
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[[uk:Рекогносцировка (гірнича справа)]] |
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Revision as of 09:02, 10 October 2008
The Battle of Porto Bello (or the Battle of Portobello) was a 1739 battle between a British naval force aiming to capture the settlement of Portobelo in Panama, and its Spanish defenders. It took place during the War of the Austrian Succession, in the early stages of the war sometimes known as The War of Jenkin's Ear. It resulted in a descisive and popularly acclaimed British victory.
Background
The settlement of Portobello was a major Spanish naval base on the Gulf of Mexico. Following the failure of an earlier British naval force to take Porto Bello in 1729, Vice Admiral Edward Vernon had repeatedly claimed he could capture it with just "six ships".[1] Following his appointment to command the Jamaica Station, Vernon organised an expedition with just six ships, despite criticism that this was far too few. Vernon was a strong advocate of small squadrons hitting hard and moving fast.[2]
Battle
Vernon's force appeared off Porto Bello on November 20 1739. After a twenty four hour seige, the Spanish garrison surrendered. The British occupied the town for three weeks, destroying the fortress and other key buildings and ending the settlement's main function as a major Spanish maritime base, before withdrawing.[3]
Legacy
The capture of Porto Bello became seen as a popular triumph throughout the British Empire and the name Portobello became frequently used to commemorate the battle such as the Portobello Road in London, and Porto Bello in Virginia. It was particullarly well received in America, where the Spanish had been preying on British shipping.[4]
Admiral Vernon became a popular hero, and himself was commemorated in several names perhaps most famously Mount Vernon the estate of George Washington.[5] Vernon was a notable opponent of the British government, and in the wake of the victory he was one of the advocates of a more belligerent approach towards Britain's enemies.
The effect on Porto Bello was devestating, and the economy of the town did not recover fully until the building of the Panama Canal more than a century later.
Bibliography
- Rodgers, N.A.M. The Command of the Ocean: A Naval History of Britain, 1649-1815.
- Simms, Brendan. Three Victories and a Defeat: The Rise and Fall of the First British Empire. Penguin Books (2008)