Alejo Calatayud: Difference between revisions
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[[File:ALEJO CALATAYUD cbba.jpg|thumb|Statue of Alejo Calatayud in Cochabamba]] |
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'''Alejo Calatayud''' ( |
'''Alejo Calatayud''' (c. 1705 – January 31, 1731) was a Mestizo silversmith from Oropesa, [[Cochabamba]] province in present-day [[Bolivia]]. In 1730 Calatayud led a violent rebellion, and became a local hero amongst the plebeian masses of the province.<ref name="go">González Moscoso, René. ''Historia de las ideas políticas en el mundo y en Bolivia''. Sucre, Bolivia: Editorial "Tupac Katari", 1989. pp. 125-126</ref> |
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Calatayud belonged to the sector of educated Mestizos, and was a member of the [[silversmith]]s' guild.<ref name="na"/><ref name="le"/> On December 1, 1730, he led a rebellion in Oropesa, in response to rumours that an official named Manuel Benero de Belaro had been sent to ensure that the Mestizos paid the same punitive taxes as the [[Indigenous peoples in Bolivia|indigenous population]].<ref name="go"/> Calatayud was twenty-five years old at the time.<ref name="le">Glick, Thomas F., Miguel Angel Puig-Samper, and Rosaura Ruiz. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ViZpP_ildjYC&pg=PA212 The Reception of Darwinism in the Iberian World: Spain, Spanish America, and Brazil]''. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 2001. p. 212</ref> The rebellion united the Mestizos and the indigenous people and spread to the entire Cochabamba province.<ref name="go"/> The provincial capital was surrounded and seized by Calatayud's forces.<ref name="na">Salomon, Frank, Stuart B. Schwartz, Bruce G. Trigger, Wilcomb E. Washburn, Richard E. W. Adams, and Murdo J. MacLeod. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=TuxGG6pXs-QC&pg=PA530 The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas]''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. p. 530</ref> |
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The 1730 rebellion was characterized by an intersection of ethnic and class conflicts.<ref name="na"/> The rebels ransacked shops and houses and killed 39 Spanish inhabitants of the town. However, once the clergy took to the streets with the sacrament the Mestizo rebels stopped further bloodshed. Two representatives of the [[Criollo people|creole]] elite were elected as magistrates.<ref name="br">Brading, D. A. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=vQdyHIKrqJYC&pg=PA408 The First America: The Spanish Monarchy, Creole Patriots, and the Liberal State, 1492-1867]''. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1991. p. 408</ref> Because the insurgency was badly organized it could not withstand the counter-attack organized by the creole elite (actioned by the magistrates of Cochabamba). A force led by [[Rodrígez Carrasco]] captured and decapitated Calatayud, sending his head to the [[Royal Audience of Charcas]]. Rodrígez Carrasco also issued death warrants against twenty-two of Calatayud's followers.<ref name="go"/><ref name="br"/> |
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The revolt led by Calatayud was important for the political development in the area, as it marked the start of a series of revolts that lasted for half a century.<ref name="br"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 14:20, 22 March 2021
Alejo Calatayud (c. 1705 – January 31, 1731) was a Mestizo silversmith from Oropesa, Cochabamba province in present-day Bolivia. In 1730 Calatayud led a violent rebellion, and became a local hero amongst the plebeian masses of the province.[1]
Calatayud belonged to the sector of educated Mestizos, and was a member of the silversmiths' guild.[2][3] On December 1, 1730, he led a rebellion in Oropesa, in response to rumours that an official named Manuel Benero de Belaro had been sent to ensure that the Mestizos paid the same punitive taxes as the indigenous population.[1] Calatayud was twenty-five years old at the time.[3] The rebellion united the Mestizos and the indigenous people and spread to the entire Cochabamba province.[1] The provincial capital was surrounded and seized by Calatayud's forces.[2]
The 1730 rebellion was characterized by an intersection of ethnic and class conflicts.[2] The rebels ransacked shops and houses and killed 39 Spanish inhabitants of the town. However, once the clergy took to the streets with the sacrament the Mestizo rebels stopped further bloodshed. Two representatives of the creole elite were elected as magistrates.[4] Because the insurgency was badly organized it could not withstand the counter-attack organized by the creole elite (actioned by the magistrates of Cochabamba). A force led by Rodrígez Carrasco captured and decapitated Calatayud, sending his head to the Royal Audience of Charcas. Rodrígez Carrasco also issued death warrants against twenty-two of Calatayud's followers.[1][4]
The revolt led by Calatayud was important for the political development in the area, as it marked the start of a series of revolts that lasted for half a century.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d González Moscoso, René. Historia de las ideas políticas en el mundo y en Bolivia. Sucre, Bolivia: Editorial "Tupac Katari", 1989. pp. 125-126
- ^ a b c Salomon, Frank, Stuart B. Schwartz, Bruce G. Trigger, Wilcomb E. Washburn, Richard E. W. Adams, and Murdo J. MacLeod. The Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of the Americas. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. p. 530
- ^ a b Glick, Thomas F., Miguel Angel Puig-Samper, and Rosaura Ruiz. The Reception of Darwinism in the Iberian World: Spain, Spanish America, and Brazil. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 2001. p. 212
- ^ a b c Brading, D. A. The First America: The Spanish Monarchy, Creole Patriots, and the Liberal State, 1492-1867. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1991. p. 408
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