Bugaksan: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 37°36′22″N 126°59′00″E / 37.60611°N 126.98333°E / 37.60611; 126.98333
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{{Short description|Mountain in Seoul, South Korea}}
{{Use American English|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox mountain
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Bugaksan
| name = Bugaksan
| photo = Seoul_Gyeongbokgung_Blue_House_Bukhansan.jpg
| photo = Korea-Seoul-Overview of Gyeongbokgung.jpg
| photo_caption = Bugaksan overlooking [[Gyeongbokgung Palace]] and the [[Blue House]]
| photo_caption = Bugaksan overlooking the former royal palace [[Gyeongbokgung]] (2008)
| elevation_m = 342
| elevation_m = 342
| elevation_ref =
| elevation_ref =
| prominence_m =
| prominence_m =
| prominence_ref =
| prominence_ref =
| etymology = North mountain
⚫
| map = South Korea Seoul
| location = [[Seoul]], [[South Korea]]
| range =
| range =
| coordinates =
| coordinates =
Line 14: Line 15:
| first_ascent =
| first_ascent =
| easiest_route =
| easiest_route =
⚫
| country = [[South Korea]]
⚫
}}
| settlement_type = City
{{Infobox Korean name/Mountain
| settlement = [[Seoul]]
|hangul = {{linktext|북|악|산}}
| module = {{Infobox mapframe}}{{Infobox Korean name
|hangul = 북악산
|hanja = {{linktext|北岳山}}
|hanja = {{linktext|北岳山}}
|rr = Bugaksan
|rr = Bugaksan
|mr = Pugaksan
|mr = Pugaksan
|othername1 = Alternate name
|hangul1 = 백악산
|hanja1 = 白岳山
|rr1 = Baegaksan
|mr1 = Paegaksan
|child=yes
⚫
}}
}}
'''Bugaksan'''{{Efn|Sometimes spelled '''Bukaksan'''<ref name="CHF">{{Cite web |title=Hanyangdoseong of Bukaksan Returns to the Public |url=https://www.chf.or.kr/chf/eng |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation |language=en}}</ref>}} ({{Korean|hangul=북악산}}) is a mountain in the north of [[Seoul]], South Korea. It famously overlooks the former royal palace [[Gyeongbokgung]] as well as the former presidential residence the [[Blue House]]. It, [[Inwangsan]], [[Naksan]], and [[Namsan (Seoul)|Namsan]] are the mountains that surround the Seoul Basin.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=북악산 |url=http://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000845027 |accessdate=29 September 2014 |publisher=[[Doosan Encyclopedia]] |language=Korean}}</ref> The mountain has a bedrock of [[granite]],<ref name=":1" /> and is about {{Convert|342|m|ft|sp=us}} high.<ref name=":0" />

The mountain has historically gone by a number of other names, including '''Baegaksan''' ({{Korean|hangul=백악산|labels=no}}).

== Names ==
Until the [[Joseon]] period, the mountain went by a variety of names, including "Baegaksan", "Myeonaksan" ({{Korean|hangul=면악산|hanja=面岳山|labels=no}}), and "Gonggeuksan" ({{Korean|hangul=공극산|hanja=拱極山|labels=no}}). However, "Baegaksan" was the most popular name during the Joseon period.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=김 |first=주환 |title=북악산(北岳山) |trans-title=Bugaksan |url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] |language=ko}}</ref>

The name "Bugaksan", meaning "north mountain",<ref>{{Cite web |title=北岳山 |url=https://hanja.dict.naver.com/#/entry/ccko/fbea9c12c30d46ebbd5000812d912da2 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Naver Hanja Dictionary |language=ko}}</ref> became popular just after the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese colonial period]]. Some government offices have made efforts to return to using the "Baegaksan" name, in order to strengthen modern South Korea's ties to the pre-Japanese past.<ref name=":0" />

== Description ==
The mountain is part of a range of mountains connected to the south of [[Bukhansan]], the highest mountain in Seoul.<ref name=":0" />

There are 208 species of plants on the mountain, including 81 species of trees.<ref name=":0" />

The [[Cheonggyecheon]] stream that flows through Seoul originates from the mountain. In November 2005, the [[Jongno District]] government investigated the source of the river, and found that it was a mineral water spring about {{Convert|150|m|ft}} from a statue of police officer {{Ill|Choi Gyu-sik|ko|최규식 (경찰관)}}.<ref name=":0" />

== History ==
Beginning in the Joseon period, the mountain was a popular spot for the aristocracy to construct villas.<ref name=":0" />

After the [[Blue House raid|Blue House Raid]] of January 21, 1968, in which North Korean operatives attempted to assassinate the South Korean president, access to the mountain became heavily restricted. These restrictions began to be lifted on April 1, 2006, when [[Sukjeongmun]] was reopened for public access. Beginning on November 1, 2020, a section north of the Blue House was opened to the public. It is now possible to hike from the mountain [[Ansan (Seoul)|Ansan]], Inwangsan, Bugaksan, and Bukhansan without interruption.<ref name=":0" /> There is a number of guided walking courses over the mountain, including one that walks along the [[Fortress Wall of Seoul]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bugaksan Mountain |url=https://english.visitseoul.net/nature/Bugaksan-Mountain/ENP003796 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=english.visitseoul.net |language=en}}</ref><ref name="CHF" />

The mountain was designated an area of secnic beauty in 2009 by the [[Cultural Heritage Administration]].<ref name=":0" />

== Gallery ==
{{Gallery
|File:Hauptstrasse und Palasttor in Seoul.jpg
|Late 19th century photograph of Bugaksan and [[Gwanghwamun]]
|File:20975 안중식 백악춘효.jpg
|1915 painting of Bugaksan by [[An Jung-sik]]
|File:1953년_서울_남산에서_북악산_방향_파노라마_2.jpg
|1953 view of the mountain, from [[Namsan (Seoul)|Namsan]]. The [[Japanese General Government Building, Seoul|Japanese General Government Building]] can be seen standing where Gyeongbokgung stood before
|File:Yi Sun-sin 3.jpg
|[[Statue of Admiral Yi Sun-sin]] and the mountain. The Blue House and the [[Statue of King Sejong (Gwanghwamun)|Statue of King Sejong]] can also be seen in the bottom. (2011)
|File:Bugaksan 20161116 03 (30900867212).jpg
|View from the mountain looking north (2016)
}}
}}
'''Bugaksan''' is a mountain north of [[Gyeongbokgung Palace]] in [[Seoul]], also known as '''Baekaksan'''. [[Inwangsan]], [[Naksan]], and [[Namsan (Seoul)|Namsan]] are the mountains that surround the Seoul Basin. The bedrock is [[granite]] and is about 342m high.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000845027|title=북악산|publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia|accessdate=29 September 2014|language=Korean}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of mountains in Seoul]]
*[[List of mountains in Seoul]]

==Notes==
{{notelist}}


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Mountains of South Korea]]
[[Category:Mountains of South Korea]]
[[Category:Mountains of Seoul]]
[[Category:Mountains of Seoul]]


{{SouthKorea-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 05:57, 29 February 2024

Bugaksan
Bugaksan overlooking the former royal palace Gyeongbokgung (2008)
Highest point
Elevation342 m (1,122 ft)
Naming
EtymologyNorth mountain
Geography
CountrySouth Korea
CitySeoul
Map
Korean name
Hangul
북악산
Hanja
Revised RomanizationBugaksan
McCune–ReischauerPugaksan
Alternate name
Hangul
백악산
Hanja
白岳山
Revised RomanizationBaegaksan
McCune–ReischauerPaegaksan

Bugaksan[a] (Korean: 북악산) is a mountain in the north of Seoul, South Korea. It famously overlooks the former royal palace Gyeongbokgung as well as the former presidential residence the Blue House. It, Inwangsan, Naksan, and Namsan are the mountains that surround the Seoul Basin.[2][3] The mountain has a bedrock of granite,[3] and is about 342 meters (1,122 ft) high.[2]

The mountain has historically gone by a number of other names, including Baegaksan (백악산).

Names[edit]

Until the Joseon period, the mountain went by a variety of names, including "Baegaksan", "Myeonaksan" (면악산; 面岳山), and "Gonggeuksan" (공극산; 拱極山). However, "Baegaksan" was the most popular name during the Joseon period.[2]

The name "Bugaksan", meaning "north mountain",[4] became popular just after the Japanese colonial period. Some government offices have made efforts to return to using the "Baegaksan" name, in order to strengthen modern South Korea's ties to the pre-Japanese past.[2]

Description[edit]

The mountain is part of a range of mountains connected to the south of Bukhansan, the highest mountain in Seoul.[2]

There are 208 species of plants on the mountain, including 81 species of trees.[2]

The Cheonggyecheon stream that flows through Seoul originates from the mountain. In November 2005, the Jongno District government investigated the source of the river, and found that it was a mineral water spring about 150 metres (490 ft) from a statue of police officer Choi Gyu-sik [ko].[2]

History[edit]

Beginning in the Joseon period, the mountain was a popular spot for the aristocracy to construct villas.[2]

After the Blue House Raid of January 21, 1968, in which North Korean operatives attempted to assassinate the South Korean president, access to the mountain became heavily restricted. These restrictions began to be lifted on April 1, 2006, when Sukjeongmun was reopened for public access. Beginning on November 1, 2020, a section north of the Blue House was opened to the public. It is now possible to hike from the mountain Ansan, Inwangsan, Bugaksan, and Bukhansan without interruption.[2] There is a number of guided walking courses over the mountain, including one that walks along the Fortress Wall of Seoul.[5][1]

The mountain was designated an area of secnic beauty in 2009 by the Cultural Heritage Administration.[2]

Gallery[edit]

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Sometimes spelled Bukaksan[1]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Hanyangdoseong of Bukaksan Returns to the Public". Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j 김, 주환. "북악산(北岳山)" [Bugaksan]. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 2023-08-17.
  3. ^ a b "북악산" (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  4. ^ "北岳山". Naver Hanja Dictionary (in Korean). Retrieved 2023-08-17.
  5. ^ "Bugaksan Mountain". english.visitseoul.net. Retrieved 2023-08-17.

37°36′22″N 126°59′00″E / 37.60611°N 126.98333°E / 37.60611; 126.98333

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bugaksan&oldid=1210971624"