Bugaksan: Difference between revisions
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| etymology = North mountain |
| etymology = North mountain |
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| map = South Korea Seoul#South Korea |
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| range = |
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| coordinates = |
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| settlement_type = City |
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| settlement = [[Seoul]] |
| settlement = [[Seoul]] |
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| module = {{Infobox mapframe}}{{Infobox Korean name |
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|hangul = 북악산 |
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{{Infobox Korean name/Mountain |
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|hangul = {{linktext|북|악|산}} |
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|hanja = {{linktext|北岳山}} |
|hanja = {{linktext|北岳山}} |
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|rr = Bugaksan |
|rr = Bugaksan |
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|rr1 = Baegaksan |
|rr1 = Baegaksan |
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|mr1 = Paegaksan |
|mr1 = Paegaksan |
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'''Bugaksan''' ({{Korean|hangul=북악산}}) is a mountain in the north of [[Seoul]], South Korea. It famously overlooks former royal palace [[Gyeongbokgung]] as well as the former presidential residence the [[Blue House]]. [[Inwangsan]], [[Naksan]], and [[Namsan (Seoul)|Namsan]] are the mountains that surround the Seoul Basin.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=북악산 |url=http://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000845027 |accessdate=29 September 2014 |publisher=Doosan Encyclopedia |language=Korean}}</ref> |
'''Bugaksan'''{{Efn|Sometimes spelled '''Bukaksan'''<ref name="CHF">{{Cite web |title=Hanyangdoseong of Bukaksan Returns to the Public |url=https://www.chf.or.kr/chf/eng |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation |language=en}}</ref>}} ({{Korean|hangul=북악산}}) is a mountain in the north of [[Seoul]], South Korea. It famously overlooks the former royal palace [[Gyeongbokgung]] as well as the former presidential residence the [[Blue House]]. It, [[Inwangsan]], [[Naksan]], and [[Namsan (Seoul)|Namsan]] are the mountains that surround the Seoul Basin.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{cite web |title=북악산 |url=http://www.doopedia.co.kr/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view&MAS_IDX=101013000845027 |accessdate=29 September 2014 |publisher=[[Doosan Encyclopedia]] |language=Korean}}</ref> The mountain has a bedrock of [[granite]],<ref name=":1" /> and is about {{Convert|342|m|ft|sp=us}} high.<ref name=":0" /> |
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The mountain has historically gone by a number of other names, including '''Baegaksan''' ({{Korean|hangul=백악산|labels=no}}). |
The mountain has historically gone by a number of other names, including '''Baegaksan''' ({{Korean|hangul=백악산|labels=no}}). |
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== Names == |
== Names == |
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Until the [[Joseon]] period, the mountain went by a variety of names, including "Baegaksan", "Myeonaksan" ({{Korean|hangul=면악산|hanja=面岳山|labels=no}}), and "Gonggeuksan" ({{Korean|hangul=공극산|hanja=拱極山|labels=no}}). However, "Baegaksan" was the most popular name during the Joseon period.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=김 |first=주환 |title=북악산(北岳山) |trans-title=Bugaksan |url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] |language=ko}}</ref> |
Until the [[Joseon]] period, the mountain went by a variety of names, including "Baegaksan", "Myeonaksan" ({{Korean|hangul=면악산|hanja=面岳山|labels=no}}), and "Gonggeuksan" ({{Korean|hangul=공극산|hanja=拱極山|labels=no}}). However, "Baegaksan" was the most popular name during the Joseon period.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=김 |first=주환 |title=북악산(北岳山) |trans-title=Bugaksan |url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/ |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=[[Encyclopedia of Korean Culture]] |language=ko}}</ref> |
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The name "Bugaksan", meaning "north mountain",<ref>{{Cite web |title=北岳山 |url=https://hanja.dict.naver.com/#/entry/ccko/fbea9c12c30d46ebbd5000812d912da2 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Naver Hanja Dictionary |language=ko}}</ref> became popular just after the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese colonial period]]. Some government offices have made efforts to return to using the "Baegaksan" name, in order to strengthen modern Korea's ties to the pre-Japanese past.<ref name=":0" /> |
The name "Bugaksan", meaning "north mountain",<ref>{{Cite web |title=北岳山 |url=https://hanja.dict.naver.com/#/entry/ccko/fbea9c12c30d46ebbd5000812d912da2 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=Naver Hanja Dictionary |language=ko}}</ref> became popular just after the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese colonial period]]. Some government offices have made efforts to return to using the "Baegaksan" name, in order to strengthen modern South Korea's ties to the pre-Japanese past.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== Description == |
== Description == |
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The mountain is part of a |
The mountain is part of a range of mountains connected to the south of [[Bukhansan]], the highest mountain in Seoul.<ref name=":0" /> |
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There are 208 species of plants on the mountain, including 81 species of trees.<ref name=":0" /> |
There are 208 species of plants on the mountain, including 81 species of trees.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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Beginning in the Joseon period, the mountain was a popular spot for the aristocracy to construct |
Beginning in the Joseon period, the mountain was a popular spot for the aristocracy to construct villas.<ref name=":0" /> |
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After the [[Blue House raid|Blue House Raid]] of January 21, 1968, in which North Korean operatives attempted to assassinate the South Korean president, access to the mountain became heavily restricted. These restrictions began to be lifted on April 1, 2006, when [[Sukjeongmun]] was reopened for public access. Beginning on November 1, 2020, a section north of the Blue House was opened to the public. It is now possible to hike from the mountain [[Ansan (Seoul)|Ansan]], Inwangsan, Bugaksan, and Bukhansan without interruption.<ref name=":0" /> |
After the [[Blue House raid|Blue House Raid]] of January 21, 1968, in which North Korean operatives attempted to assassinate the South Korean president, access to the mountain became heavily restricted. These restrictions began to be lifted on April 1, 2006, when [[Sukjeongmun]] was reopened for public access. Beginning on November 1, 2020, a section north of the Blue House was opened to the public. It is now possible to hike from the mountain [[Ansan (Seoul)|Ansan]], Inwangsan, Bugaksan, and Bukhansan without interruption.<ref name=":0" /> There is a number of guided walking courses over the mountain, including one that walks along the [[Fortress Wall of Seoul]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bugaksan Mountain |url=https://english.visitseoul.net/nature/Bugaksan-Mountain/ENP003796 |access-date=2023-08-17 |website=english.visitseoul.net |language=en}}</ref><ref name="CHF" /> |
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The mountain was designated an area of secnic beauty in 2009 by the [[Cultural Heritage Administration]].<ref name=":0" /> |
The mountain was designated an area of secnic beauty in 2009 by the [[Cultural Heritage Administration]].<ref name=":0" /> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[List of mountains in Seoul]] |
*[[List of mountains in Seoul]] |
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==Notes== |
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{{notelist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:Mountains of South Korea]] |
[[Category:Mountains of South Korea]] |
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[[Category:Mountains of Seoul]] |
[[Category:Mountains of Seoul]] |
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{{SouthKorea-geo-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 05:57, 29 February 2024
| Bugaksan | |
|---|---|
 Bugaksan overlooking the former royal palace Gyeongbokgung (2008) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 342 m (1,122 ft) |
| Naming | |
| Etymology | North mountain |
| Geography | |
| Country | South Korea |
| City | Seoul |
 | |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 북악산 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Bugaksan |
| McCune–Reischauer | Pugaksan |
| Alternate name | |
| Hangul | 백악산 |
| Hanja | 白岳山 |
| Revised Romanization | Baegaksan |
| McCune–Reischauer | Paegaksan |
Bugaksan[a] (Korean: 북악산) is a mountain in the north of Seoul, South Korea. It famously overlooks the former royal palace Gyeongbokgung as well as the former presidential residence the Blue House. It, Inwangsan, Naksan, and Namsan are the mountains that surround the Seoul Basin.[2][3] The mountain has a bedrock of granite,[3] and is about 342 meters (1,122 ft) high.[2]
The mountain has historically gone by a number of other names, including Baegaksan (백악산).
Names[edit]
Until the Joseon period, the mountain went by a variety of names, including "Baegaksan", "Myeonaksan" (면악산; 面岳山), and "Gonggeuksan" (공극산; 拱極山). However, "Baegaksan" was the most popular name during the Joseon period.[2]
The name "Bugaksan", meaning "north mountain",[4] became popular just after the Japanese colonial period. Some government offices have made efforts to return to using the "Baegaksan" name, in order to strengthen modern South Korea's ties to the pre-Japanese past.[2]
Description[edit]
The mountain is part of a range of mountains connected to the south of Bukhansan, the highest mountain in Seoul.[2]
There are 208 species of plants on the mountain, including 81 species of trees.[2]
The Cheonggyecheon stream that flows through Seoul originates from the mountain. In November 2005, the Jongno District government investigated the source of the river, and found that it was a mineral water spring about 150 metres (490 ft) from a statue of police officer Choi Gyu-sik.[2]
History[edit]
Beginning in the Joseon period, the mountain was a popular spot for the aristocracy to construct villas.[2]
After the Blue House Raid of January 21, 1968, in which North Korean operatives attempted to assassinate the South Korean president, access to the mountain became heavily restricted. These restrictions began to be lifted on April 1, 2006, when Sukjeongmun was reopened for public access. Beginning on November 1, 2020, a section north of the Blue House was opened to the public. It is now possible to hike from the mountain Ansan, Inwangsan, Bugaksan, and Bukhansan without interruption.[2] There is a number of guided walking courses over the mountain, including one that walks along the Fortress Wall of Seoul.[5][1]
The mountain was designated an area of secnic beauty in 2009 by the Cultural Heritage Administration.[2]
Gallery[edit]
-
Late 19th century photograph of Bugaksan and Gwanghwamun -
1915 painting of Bugaksan by An Jung-sik -
1953 view of the mountain, from Namsan. The Japanese General Government Building can be seen standing where Gyeongbokgung stood before -
Statue of Admiral Yi Sun-sin and the mountain. The Blue House and the Statue of King Sejong can also be seen in the bottom. (2011) -
View from the mountain looking north (2016)
.jpg)
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Hanyangdoseong of Bukaksan Returns to the Public". Korea Cultural Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j 김, 주환. "북악산(北岳山)" [Bugaksan]. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ a b "북악산" (in Korean). Doosan Encyclopedia. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
- ^ "北岳山". Naver Hanja Dictionary (in Korean). Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "Bugaksan Mountain". english.visitseoul.net. Retrieved 2023-08-17.