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'''''Equus lenensis''''', the '''Lena horse''', is an extinct species of horse from the Pleistocene and Holocene of Siberia,<ref>{{ |
'''''Equus lenensis''''', the '''Lena horse''', is an extinct species of horse from the [[Late Pleistocene]] and Holocene of Siberia,<ref>{{cite web |last=updated |first=Stephanie Pappas last |date=2019-04-18 |title=42,000-Year-Old Foal Entombed in Ice Still Had Liquid Blood in Its Veins |url=https://www.livescience.com/65268-oldest-liquid-blood-siberian-foal.html |access-date=2022-11-17 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |author1=Mindy Weisberger |date=2018-08-24 |title=Siberian Permafrost Reveals Perfectly Preserved Ice-Age Baby Horse |url=https://www.livescience.com/63430-preserved-ancient-foal-siberia.html |access-date=2022-11-17 |website=livescience.com |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Fages |first1=Antoine |last2=Hanghøj |first2=Kristian |last3=Khan |first3=Naveed |last4=Gaunitz |first4=Charleen |last5=Seguin-Orlando |first5=Andaine |last6=Leonardi |first6=Michela |last7=McCrory Constantz |first7=Christian |last8=Gamba |first8=Cristina |last9=Al-Rasheid |first9=Khaled A.S. |last10=Albizuri |first10=Silvia |last11=Alfarhan |first11=Ahmed H. |last12=Allentoft |first12=Morten |last13=Alquraishi |first13=Saleh |last14=Anthony |first14=David |last15=Baimukhanov |first15=Nurbol |date=May 2019 |title=Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series |journal=Cell |language=en |volume=177 |issue=6 |pages=1419–1435.e31 |doi=10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.049 |pmc=6547883 |pmid=31056281}}</ref> Some sources have considered it a subspecies of the [[wild horse]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kuzmin |first1=Yaroslav V |last2=Kosintsev |first2=Pavel A |last3=Stepanov |first3=Aleksandr D |last4=Boeskorov |first4=Gennady G |last5=Cruz |first5=Richard J |date=April 2017 |title=Chronology and Faunal Remains of the Khayrgas Cave (Eastern Siberia, Russia) |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0033822216000394/type/journal_article |journal=Radiocarbon |language=en |volume=59 |issue=2 |pages=575–582 |doi=10.1017/RDC.2016.39 |bibcode=2017Radcb..59..575K |issn=0033-8222}}</ref> Genetic studies show that ''E. lenensis'' does not descend from the last common ancestor of living horses, and is estimated to have diverged from them approximately 115,000 years ago, though it is more closely related to modern horses than either are to a highly divergent horse lineage from the Holocene of the Iberian Peninsula. The youngest remains of the species date to 5,000 years [[Before Present]] (~3000 BC).<ref name=":1" /> |
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A notable Lena horse specimen was found in Batagaika crater in Russia<ref name=":0" /> which was preserved almost completely intact, and with liquid blood within its preserved veins.<ref name=":0" /> |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Reflist|refs= |
{{Reflist|refs= |
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<ref name="Spasskaya Pavlinov Sharko Boulygina 2021 pp. 82–95">{{cite journal | last1=Spasskaya | first1=N.N. | last2=Pavlinov | first2=I.Ya. | last3=Sharko | first3=F.S. | last4=Boulygina | first4=E.S. | last5=Tsygankova | first5=S.V. | last6=Nedoluzhko | first6=A.V. | last7=Boeskorov | first7=G.G. | last8=Mashchenko | first8=E.N. | title=Morphometric and genetic analyses of diversity of the Lena horse (Equus lenensis Russanov, 1968; Mammalia: Equidae) | journal=Russian Journal of Theriology | publisher=KMK Scientific Press | volume=20 | issue=1 | date=2021-05-28 | issn=1682-3559 | doi=10.15298/rusjtheriol.20.1.09 | pages=82–95| s2cid=236411693 }}</ref> |
<ref name="Spasskaya Pavlinov Sharko Boulygina 2021 pp. 82–95">{{cite journal | last1=Spasskaya | first1=N.N. | last2=Pavlinov | first2=I.Ya. | last3=Sharko | first3=F.S. | last4=Boulygina | first4=E.S. | last5=Tsygankova | first5=S.V. | last6=Nedoluzhko | first6=A.V. | last7=Boeskorov | first7=G.G. | last8=Mashchenko | first8=E.N. | title=Morphometric and genetic analyses of diversity of the Lena horse (Equus lenensis Russanov, 1968; Mammalia: Equidae) | journal=Russian Journal of Theriology | publisher=KMK Scientific Press | volume=20 | issue=1 | date=2021-05-28 | issn=1682-3559 | doi=10.15298/rusjtheriol.20.1.09 | pages=82–95| s2cid=236411693 | doi-access=free }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 05:07, 4 May 2024
| Equus lenensis | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Perissodactyla |
| Family: | Equidae |
| Genus: | Equus |
| Species: | E. lenensis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Equus lenensis Russanov, 1968[1]
| |
Equus lenensis, the Lena horse, is an extinct species of horse from the Late Pleistocene and Holocene of Siberia,[2][3][4] Some sources have considered it a subspecies of the wild horse.[5] Genetic studies show that E. lenensis does not descend from the last common ancestor of living horses, and is estimated to have diverged from them approximately 115,000 years ago, though it is more closely related to modern horses than either are to a highly divergent horse lineage from the Holocene of the Iberian Peninsula. The youngest remains of the species date to 5,000 years Before Present (~3000 BC).[4]
A notable Lena horse specimen was found in Batagaika crater in Russia[3] which was preserved almost completely intact, and with liquid blood within its preserved veins.[3]
References
- ^ Spasskaya, N.N.; Pavlinov, I.Ya.; Sharko, F.S.; Boulygina, E.S.; Tsygankova, S.V.; Nedoluzhko, A.V.; Boeskorov, G.G.; Mashchenko, E.N. (2021-05-28). "Morphometric and genetic analyses of diversity of the Lena horse (Equus lenensis Russanov, 1968; Mammalia: Equidae)". Russian Journal of Theriology. 20 (1). KMK Scientific Press: 82–95. doi:10.15298/rusjtheriol.20.1.09. ISSN 1682-3559. S2CID 236411693.
- ^ updated, Stephanie Pappas last (2019-04-18). "42,000-Year-Old Foal Entombed in Ice Still Had Liquid Blood in Its Veins". livescience.com. Retrieved 2022-11-17.
- ^ a b c Mindy Weisberger (2018-08-24). "Siberian Permafrost Reveals Perfectly Preserved Ice-Age Baby Horse". livescience.com. Retrieved 2022-11-17.
- ^ a b Fages, Antoine; Hanghøj, Kristian; Khan, Naveed; Gaunitz, Charleen; Seguin-Orlando, Andaine; Leonardi, Michela; McCrory Constantz, Christian; Gamba, Cristina; Al-Rasheid, Khaled A.S.; Albizuri, Silvia; Alfarhan, Ahmed H.; Allentoft, Morten; Alquraishi, Saleh; Anthony, David; Baimukhanov, Nurbol (May 2019). "Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series". Cell. 177 (6): 1419–1435.e31. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.049. PMC 6547883. PMID 31056281.
- ^ Kuzmin, Yaroslav V; Kosintsev, Pavel A; Stepanov, Aleksandr D; Boeskorov, Gennady G; Cruz, Richard J (April 2017). "Chronology and Faunal Remains of the Khayrgas Cave (Eastern Siberia, Russia)". Radiocarbon. 59 (2): 575–582. Bibcode:2017Radcb..59..575K. doi:10.1017/RDC.2016.39. ISSN 0033-8222.
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