Geodimeter: Difference between revisions
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Bri.public (talk | contribs) 1947 invention; moved books to sources section |
Bri.public (talk | contribs) Bergstrand died in the 1980s, this work was published in 1952 not 2008. move papers to Sources sect. |
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[[File:Geodimeter 8 control panel.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Operator controls and sight of a Geodimeter]] |
[[File:Geodimeter 8 control panel.jpg|thumb|upright=1.35|Operator controls and sight of a Geodimeter]] |
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The '''Geodimeter''' (acronym of '''geodetic distance meter''') was the first optical [[electronic distance meter]] [[surveying instrument]].{{sfn|Rüeger|2012|p=15}} |
The '''Geodimeter''' (acronym of '''geodetic distance meter''') was the first optical [[electronic distance meter]] [[surveying instrument]].{{sfn|Rüeger|2012|p=15}}{{sfn|Bergstrand|1952}} |
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It was originally developed for [[Speed of light#Measurement|measuring the speed of light]].{{sfn|Froome|Essen|1969}} |
It was originally developed for [[Speed of light#Measurement|measuring the speed of light]].{{sfn|Froome|Essen|1969}}{{sfn|Bergstrand|1950}} |
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It was invented in 1947 by {{ill|Erik Osten Bergstrand|sv|Erik Bergstrand (fysiker)}} and commercialized in 1953 by the [[AGA AB|AGA]] (''Aktiebolaget Gasaccumulator'') company of Sweden.{{sfn|Laurila|1960|p=194}}<ref name="AGA 2014">{{cite web | title=AGA Geodimeter | website=AGA Museum | date=2014-10-03 | url=http://www.aga-museum.nl/page/aga-geodimeter-nasm-2a | access-date=2020-09-24}}</ref> |
It was invented in 1947 by {{ill|Erik Osten Bergstrand|sv|Erik Bergstrand (fysiker)}} and commercialized in 1953 by the [[AGA AB|AGA]] (''Aktiebolaget Gasaccumulator'') company of Sweden.{{sfn|Laurila|1960|p=194}}<ref name="AGA 2014">{{cite web | title=AGA Geodimeter | website=AGA Museum | date=2014-10-03 | url=http://www.aga-museum.nl/page/aga-geodimeter-nasm-2a | access-date=2020-09-24}}</ref> |
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It was used in the [[Transcontinental Traverse]]. |
It was used in the [[Transcontinental Traverse]]. |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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===Sources=== |
===Sources=== |
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*{{cite journal | last=Bergstrand | first=Erik | title=Velocity of Light | journal=Nature | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=165 | issue=4193 | year=1950 | issn=0028-0836 | doi=10.1038/165405a0 | page=405| s2cid=4281189 }} |
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*{{cite journal|last1=Bergstrand|first1=Erik|title=Distance measuring by means of modulated light|journal=Bulletin Géodésique|volume=24|issue=1|year=1952|pages=243–249|issn=0007-4632|doi=10.1007/BF02526937|s2cid=121587208}} |
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*{{cite book|title=Geodimeter Manual|first=Austin C.|last=Poling|publisher=U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey|id=Publication 62-2|year=1959|url= https://www.google.com/books/edition/Geodimeter_Manual/GdMGb4zyvTsC}} |
*{{cite book|title=Geodimeter Manual|first=Austin C.|last=Poling|publisher=U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey|id=Publication 62-2|year=1959|url= https://www.google.com/books/edition/Geodimeter_Manual/GdMGb4zyvTsC}} |
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*{{citation|chapter=Geodimeter|pages=194-203|title=Electronic Surveying and Mapping: Part 1, Fundamentals of Electronic Surveying|first=Simo|last=Laurila|year=1960|publisher=Institute of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, The Ohio State University|OCLC=58011617|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112007333120|via=Haithi Trust |accessdate=May 6, 2021}} |
*{{citation|chapter=Geodimeter|pages=194-203|title=Electronic Surveying and Mapping: Part 1, Fundamentals of Electronic Surveying|first=Simo|last=Laurila|year=1960|publisher=Institute of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, The Ohio State University|OCLC=58011617|url=https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uiug.30112007333120|via=Haithi Trust |accessdate=May 6, 2021}} |
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Revision as of 20:56, 6 May 2021
The Geodimeter (acronym of geodetic distance meter) was the first optical electronic distance meter surveying instrument.[1][2] It was originally developed for measuring the speed of light.[3][4] It was invented in 1947 by Erik Osten Bergstrand and commercialized in 1953 by the AGA (Aktiebolaget Gasaccumulator) company of Sweden.[5][6] It was used in the Transcontinental Traverse.
Electronic mechanism
The mechanism uses a Kerr cell in an optical train that chops a collimated light beam under the control of a precision electronic oscillator in the megahertz range.[7] It is similar in principle to earlier mechanical choppers in Fizeau–Foucault apparatus that used a toothed wheel or a rotating mirror.[8]
See also
References
- ^ Rüeger 2012, p. 15.
- ^ Bergstrand 1952.
- ^ Froome & Essen 1969.
- ^ Bergstrand 1950.
- ^ Laurila 1960, p. 194.
- ^ "AGA Geodimeter". AGA Museum. 2014-10-03. Retrieved 2020-09-24.
- ^ Poling 1959.
- ^ "EDM (Geodimeter Model 2A)", Database: Physical Sciences Collection - Surveying and Geodesy, Smithsonian Institution, catalog number 1998.3094.01, retrieved 2018-05-02
Sources
- Bergstrand, Erik (1950). "Velocity of Light". Nature. 165 (4193). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 405. doi:10.1038/165405a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 4281189.
- Bergstrand, Erik (1952). "Distance measuring by means of modulated light". Bulletin Géodésique. 24 (1): 243–249. doi:10.1007/BF02526937. ISSN 0007-4632. S2CID 121587208.
- Poling, Austin C. (1959). Geodimeter Manual. U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey. Publication 62-2.
- Laurila, Simo (1960), "Geodimeter", Electronic Surveying and Mapping: Part 1, Fundamentals of Electronic Surveying, Institute of Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, The Ohio State University, pp. 194–203, OCLC 58011617, retrieved May 6, 2021 – via Haithi Trust
- Froome, K.D.; Essen, L. (1969). The Velocity of Light and Radio Waves. Academic Press. Retrieved 2020-09-24.
- Rüeger, J.M. (2012). Electronic Distance Measurement: An Introduction. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 15. ISBN 978-3-642-80233-1. Retrieved 2020-09-24.
Further reading
- Smith, J.R. (1998), The History of Geodimeter (PDF), Sweden: Spectra Precision, 07-98 Publ. No. 571 710 000
- Paul Wise (2014), NATMAP's Introduction of Electronic Distance Measuring to Australia - Sixty Years On, Government of Australia, archived from the original on 2018-02-27 – via Pandora Archive
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - Rimington, George Robert Lindsay (March 1956), "Introduction to the Geodimeter", Cartography, 1 (3): 120–124 – via Pandora Archive
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - Poling, Austin C. (April 1958), "The Geodimeter and Tellurometer", Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers: Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division, 84 (1), American Society of Civil Engineers, doi:10.1061/JSUEAX.0000024
External links
- AGA Geodimeter Model 6 (Going the Distance: A Photo Collection Illustrating the History of Distance Measurement Tools at the National Geodetic Survey)
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