Guling, Jiangxi: Difference between revisions
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| name = Guling |
| name = Guling |
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| native_name = 牯岭镇 |
| native_name = 牯岭镇 |
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| native_name_lang = zh |
| native_name_lang = zh |
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| settlement_type = [[Town (China)|Town]] |
| settlement_type = [[Town (China)|Town]] |
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| image_skyline = |
| image_skyline = Kuling 01.JPG |
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| image_alt = |
| image_alt = |
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| image_caption = |
| image_caption = |
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| subdivision_name = China |
| subdivision_name = China |
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| subdivision_type1 = Location |
| subdivision_type1 = Location |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Mount |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Mount Lu]], [[Jiujiang]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = |
| subdivision_type2 = |
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| subdivision_name2 = |
| subdivision_name2 = |
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| established_title = |
| established_title = |
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| established_date = |
| established_date = |
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| founder = |
| founder = Edward Selby Little ({{lang|zh|李德立}}), Dr. Edgerton Haskell Hart, and three others |
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| seat_type = |
| seat_type = |
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| seat = |
| seat = |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Kuling Poster in 1920 s.png|thumb|Kuling Poster in the |
[[File:Kuling Poster in 1920 s.png|thumb|Kuling Poster in the 1920s]] |
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[[File:庐山礼拜堂.jpg |thumb|Christian church in Kuling]] |
[[File:庐山礼拜堂.jpg |thumb|Christian church in Kuling]] |
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'''Guling''', formerly [[postal romanization|romanized]] as '''Kuling''', is a summer resort located on top of [[Mount Lu]] in [[Jiujiang]], [[Jiangxi]] Province, China. It was formerly a resort reserved for European missionaries.<ref>{{cite web |
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|url = http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2018/36/04/360483.html |
|url = http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2018/36/04/360483.html |
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|script-title = zh:2018年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：庐山市 |
|script-title = zh:2018年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：庐山市 |
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| Line 91: | Line 91: | ||
|language = Chinese |
|language = Chinese |
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|accessdate = 2019-03-08 |
|accessdate = 2019-03-08 |
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|archive-date = 2019-03-24 |
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}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324200721/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2018/36/04/360483.html |date=2019-03-24 }}</ref> Now it is the tourist and administration center in the [[Lushan National Park|Mountain Lu National Park]], a [[World Heritage Site]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tuniu.com/g5039/guide-0-0/ |title=Guling |publisher=Tuniu |accessdate=10 July 2017 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427205435/http://www.tuniu.com/g5039/guide-0-0/ |date=27 April 2017 }}</ref> |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190324200721/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2018/36/04/360483.html |
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|url-status = dead |
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}}</ref> Now it is the tourist and administration center of the [[Lushan Quaternary Glaciation National Geopark|Lushan Geopark]], a [[World Heritage Site]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tuniu.com/g5039/guide-0-0/ |title=Guling |publisher=Tuniu |accessdate=10 July 2017 |archive-date=27 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170427205435/http://www.tuniu.com/g5039/guide-0-0/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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{{asof|2018}}, it has 5 residential communities, 2 villages, and 4 other neighborhoods under its administration.<ref>{{cite web |
{{asof|2018}}, it has 5 residential communities, 2 villages, and 4 other neighborhoods under its administration.<ref>{{cite web |
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|language=Chinese |
|language=Chinese |
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|accessdate=2019-03-08 |
|accessdate=2019-03-08 |
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|archive-date=2019-03-24 |
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|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190324200726/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2018/36/04/83/360483107.html |
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|url-status=dead |
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}}</ref> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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=== European Settlement History === |
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Kuling, now called Guling, on the slopes of a wide valley of [[Mount Lu|Mountain Lu]], was established in 1895 by the missionaries [[Edward Selby Little,]] Dr. Edgerton Haskell Hart and three others, as a sanitarium and rest resort for Western missionaries in southern China. They built their houses in the colonial style of architecture, and added churches, schools, and sports facilities. It was named by Little, as a pun: it is wonderfully ''cooling'' after the summer heat in the plains below. It was also a word that sounded conveniently Chinese to the local people, and has been adopted by them. Kuling was run by the missionaries in a Kuling Council that sold the plots of the land and with the proceeds paid for local services and security. In 1910, Caroline Maddock Hart and four others met to found the Nurses Association of China; with Caroline Maddock Hart being its first president. |
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=== |
=== European settlement history === |
||
Kuling, now called Guling, on the slopes of a wide valley of Mount Lu, was established in 1895 by the missionaries [[Edward Selby Little,]] [https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User%3ACrawfordStanley%2Fsandbox&oldid=prev&diff=1217915340 Dr. Edgerton Haskell Hart], and three others, as a sanitarium and rest resort for Western missionaries in southern China. They built their houses in the colonial style of architecture, and added churches, schools, and sports facilities. It was named by Little, as a pun: it is wonderfully ''cooling'' after the summer heat in the plains below. It was also a word that sounded conveniently Chinese to the local people, and has been adopted by them. Kuling was run by the missionaries in a Kuling Council that sold the plots of the land and with the proceeds, paid for local services and security. In 1910, Caroline Maddock Hart and four others met to found the Nurses Association of China, with Caroline Maddock Hart being its first president. |
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1934, [[Soong Mei-ling]], then first Lady of the Republic of China, was given a villa in Kuling town, Mountain Lu. She and her husband [[Chiang Kai-shek]] both love the villa very much. Chiang Kai-shek named the villa as ''Mei Lu Villa'' to symbolize the beauty of Mountain Lu. The couple usually stay at this villa in Kuling town, Mountain Lu in summer time, so the mountain is called [[Summer Capital]], and the villa is called the Summer Palace.<ref>WANG, N. N., & JIANG, Z. (2007). " Usingnaturalwith ingenious ways, man and naturelive in harmony"——Simplyanalysis thedesign concepts of Mount Lushan" Meilu" villa to the inspirationofmodern ecological landscape design. Hundred Schools in Arts, 03.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Kuling American School Association - Americans Who Still Call Lushan Home |url=http://www.kulingamericanschool.com/index.html |website=Kuling American School Association 美国学堂 Website |access-date=24 July 2021 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720113037/http://www.kulingamericanschool.com/index.html |date=20 July 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=《今日庐山之"美庐"》 |url=https://www.dpm.org.cn/building/talk/224043.html |website=故宫博物院The Palace Museum Website |access-date=24 July 2021 }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724020453/https://www.dpm.org.cn/building/talk/224043.html |date=24 July 2021 }}</ref> |
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=== The Republic of China history === |
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Prior to 1949, President Chiang Kai-shek chose Mountain Lu as the summer headquarters for his nationalist [[Kuomintang]] government, having been introduced to the place by his wife Soong Mei-ling, the daughter of a Shanghai Methodist minister. It was here that in 1946 the U.S. special diplomatic mission representing the [[President of the United States]] led by General [[George C. Marshall]] met with Chiang Kai-shek to discuss the role of post-World War II China. |
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1934, [[Soong Mei-ling]], then first Lady of the Republic of China, was given a villa in Kuling town, Mount Lu. She and her husband [[Chiang Kai-shek]] both loved the villa very much. Chiang Kai-shek named the villa as ''Mei Lu Villa'' to symbolize the beauty of Mount Lu. The couple usually stayed at this villa in Kuling town, Mount Lu, in summer time, so the mountain is called [[Summer Capital]], and the villa is called the Summer Palace.<ref>WANG, N. N., & JIANG, Z. (2007). "Using natural with ingenious ways, man and naturelive in harmony"——Simplyanalysis thedesign concepts of Mount Lushan" Meilu" villa to the inspirationofmodern ecological landscape design. Hundred Schools in Arts, 03.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Kuling American School Association - Americans Who Still Call Lushan Home |url=http://www.kulingamericanschool.com/index.html |website=Kuling American School Association 美国学堂 Website |access-date=24 July 2021 |archive-date=20 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210720113037/http://www.kulingamericanschool.com/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=《今日庐山之"美庐"》 |url=https://www.dpm.org.cn/building/talk/224043.html |website=故宫博物院The Palace Museum Website |access-date=24 July 2021 |archive-date=24 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210724020453/https://www.dpm.org.cn/building/talk/224043.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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Prior to 1949, President Chiang Kai-shek chose Mount Lu as the summer headquarters for his nationalist [[Kuomintang]] government, having been introduced to the place by his wife Soong Mei-ling, the daughter of a Shanghai Methodist minister. It was here that, in 1946, the U.S. special diplomatic mission representing the [[President of the United States]], led by General [[George C. Marshall]], met with Chiang Kai-shek to discuss the role of post-World War II China. |
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=== Modern History === |
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After the conclusion of the [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] in 1949, it became favourite meeting place for the [[Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]] because Chairman Mao used Chiang Kai-shek's house as one of his holiday homes. It hosted the Eighth Plenum of the Eighth Central Committee, also known as the [[Lushan Conference]] or "Plenum", which began on 23 July and convened on 2 August, 1959. Kuling also hosted the Second Plenum of the Ninth Central Committee in August 1970. |
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=== Modern history === |
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The movie ''[[Romance on Lushan Mountain|Romance on Mountain Lu]]'', which has been shown in the Mountain Lu theatre non-stop since 1980, was recognised by [[Guinness World Records]] as the longest running movie in theatres. Each ticket sold to this movie is numbered according to ticket sales to date. As of May 2006, this number is close to 140 million tickets.{{cn|date=July 2017}} |
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After the conclusion of the [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] in 1949, it became the favourite meeting place for the [[Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]] because Chairman Mao used Chiang Kai-shek's house as one of his holiday homes. It hosted the Eighth Plenum of the Eighth Central Committee, also known as the Mount Lu Conference or "Plenum", which began on 23 July and convened on 2 August 1959. Kuling also hosted the Second Plenum of the Ninth Central Committee in August 1970. |
|||
The movie ''[[Romance on Lushan Mountain]]'', which has been shown in the Mount Lu theatre non-stop since 1980, was recognised by [[Guinness World Records]] as the longest-running movie in theatres. Each ticket sold to this movie is numbered according to ticket sales to date. As of May 2006, this number was close to 140 million tickets.{{cn|date=July 2017}} |
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== Notable residents == |
== Notable residents == |
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*[[Pearl S. Buck]] ( |
*[[Pearl S. Buck]] (1892–1973) won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1938 for her descriptions of peasant life in China. She was the first American woman to win. She also won the Pulitzer Prize in 1932. She spent her childhood with her family in Kuling in summertime. Her father built a stone villa in Kuling in 1897 and lived there until his death in 1931.<ref>{{cite web |title=赛兆祥墓碑 |url=http://www.mylushan.com/Stone/2009108/200910819545821.html |website=mylushan.com |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=22 June 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100622094416/http://www.mylushan.com/Stone/2009108/200910819545821.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Pearl S. Buck house in Zhenjiang |url=http://www.sexualfables.com/Pearl-Buck-house-in-Zhenjiang.php |access-date=22 July 2021 |archive-date=6 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806135430/http://www.sexualfables.com/Pearl-Buck-house-in-Zhenjiang.php |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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*[[Mervyn Peake]] ( |
*[[Mervyn Peake]] (1911–1968) was born in Kuling, Mount Lu. He was an English writer, artist, poet, and illustrator. He was well-known for being the illustrator of ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland''<ref>{{cite book |title=Alice's Adventures in Wonderland | isbn=1582341745 | last1=Carroll | first1=Lewis | date=12 October 2001 }}</ref> and the author of the ''[[Gormenghast (series)|Gormenghast]]'' series of novels. |
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*Lo-Yi Chang ( |
*Lo-Yi Chang (1907–1988) was born in Kuling. She was the spouse of [[T. V. Soong]], then Premier of the Republic of China. She has made significant contributions of promoting interculture understandings between China and western countries.<ref>{{cite web |title=国内名人传记丛书（套装共6册） |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hvY0CgAAQBAJ&dq=%E5%BC%A0%E4%B9%90%E6%80%A1%E4%BD%9C%E5%87%BA%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE&pg=PT851 |website=books.google |access-date=22 July 2021 |author1=池昕鸿 |date=22 July 2015 |archive-date=21 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220521061839/https://books.google.com/books?id=hvY0CgAAQBAJ&dq=%E5%BC%A0%E4%B9%90%E6%80%A1%E4%BD%9C%E5%87%BA%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE&pg=PT851 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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==Climate== |
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{{Weather box|width=auto |
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|metric first=y |
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|single line=y |
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|collapsed = Y |
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|location = Guling (elevation {{convert|1165|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) |
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|Jan high C = 4.5 |
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|Feb high C = 7.0 |
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|Mar high C = 11.0 |
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|Apr high C = 16.8 |
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|May high C = 20.7 |
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|Jun high C = 23.2 |
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|Jul high C = 26.1 |
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|Aug high C = 25.3 |
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|Sep high C = 21.9 |
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|Oct high C = 17.3 |
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|Nov high C = 12.7 |
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|Dec high C = 7.0 |
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|Jan mean C = 0.6 |
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|Feb mean C = 2.9 |
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|Mar mean C = 6.7 |
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|Apr mean C = 12.5 |
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|May mean C = 16.8 |
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|Jun mean C = 19.8 |
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|Jul mean C = 22.5 |
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|Aug mean C = 21.8 |
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|Sep mean C = 18.1 |
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|Oct mean C = 13.3 |
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|Nov mean C = 8.5 |
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|Dec mean C = 2.9 |
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|Jan low C = -2.3 |
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|Feb low C = -0.1 |
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|Mar low C = 3.5 |
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|Apr low C = 9.1 |
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|May low C = 13.7 |
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|Jun low C = 17.3 |
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|Jul low C = 20.3 |
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|Aug low C = 19.5 |
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|Sep low C = 15.7 |
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|Oct low C = 10.5 |
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|Nov low C = 5.5 |
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|Dec low C = -0.2 |
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|Jan record high C = 19.4 |Jan record low C = -13.6 |
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|Feb record high C = 20.5 |Feb record low C = -11.6 |
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|Mar record high C = 24.6 |Mar record low C = -10.4 |
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|Apr record high C = 26.4 |Apr record low C = -5.1 |
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|May record high C = 28.1 |May record low C = 1.6 |
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|Jun record high C = 29.3 |Jun record low C = 5.8 |
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|Jul record high C = 31.8 |Jul record low C = 11.9 |
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|Aug record high C = 31.8 |Aug record low C = 12.8 |
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|Sep record high C = 30.2 |Sep record low C = 6.5 |
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|Oct record high C = 28.5 |Oct record low C = -2.4 |
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|Nov record high C = 25.1 |Nov record low C = -9.9 |
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|Dec record high C = 18.9 |Dec record low C = -16.7 |
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|year high C= |year low C= |
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|year high F = |year low F = |
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|precipitation colour = green |
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|Jan precipitation mm = 85.3 |
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|Feb precipitation mm = 98.5 |
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|Mar precipitation mm = 167.9 |
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|Apr precipitation mm = 202.2 |
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|May precipitation mm = 251.2 |
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|Jun precipitation mm = 306.1 |
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|Jul precipitation mm = 274.2 |
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|Aug precipitation mm = 290.3 |
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|Sep precipitation mm = 147.8 |
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|Oct precipitation mm = 97.4 |
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|Nov precipitation mm = 83.0 |
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|Dec precipitation mm = 61.7 |
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|Jan humidity = 73 |
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|Feb humidity = 76 |
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|Mar humidity = 77 |
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|Apr humidity = 77 |
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|May humidity = 79 |
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|Jun humidity = 85 |
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|Jul humidity = 85 |
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|Aug humidity = 87 |
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|Sep humidity = 84 |
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|Oct humidity = 75 |
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|Nov humidity = 69 |
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|Dec humidity = 65 |
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|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |
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|Jan precipitation days = 14.3 |
|||
|Feb precipitation days = 13.7 |
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|Mar precipitation days = 17.0 |
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|Apr precipitation days = 16.7 |
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|May precipitation days = 16.2 |
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|Jun precipitation days = 17.4 |
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|Jul precipitation days = 13.5 |
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|Aug precipitation days = 15.3 |
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|Sep precipitation days = 10.8 |
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|Oct precipitation days = 10.4 |
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|Nov precipitation days = 11.7 |
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|Dec precipitation days = 11.2 |
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|year precipitation days = |
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|Jan sun = 112.3 |
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|Feb sun = 102.4 |
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|Mar sun = 112.9 |
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|Apr sun = 130.4 |
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|May sun = 136.5 |
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|Jun sun = 111.4 |
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|Jul sun = 175.7 |
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|Aug sun = 153.9 |
|||
|Sep sun = 147.6 |
|||
|Oct sun = 158.8 |
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|Nov sun = 144.0 |
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|Dec sun = 142.7 |
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|year sun = |
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| Jan percentsun = 35 |
|||
| Feb percentsun = 32 |
|||
| Mar percentsun = 30 |
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| Apr percentsun = 34 |
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| May percentsun = 32 |
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| Jun percentsun = 27 |
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| Jul percentsun = 41 |
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| Aug percentsun = 38 |
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| Sep percentsun = 40 |
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| Oct percentsun = 45 |
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| Nov percentsun = 45 |
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| Dec percentsun = 45 |
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| year percentsun = |
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|Jan snow days = 9.3 |
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|Feb snow days = 6.7 |
|||
|Mar snow days = 3.5 |
|||
|Apr snow days = 0.1 |
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|May snow days = 0 |
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|Jun snow days = 0 |
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|Jul snow days = 0 |
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|Aug snow days = 0 |
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|Sep snow days = 0 |
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|Oct snow days = 0 |
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|Nov snow days = 1.3 |
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|Dec snow days = 5.2 |
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|year snow days = |
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|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=23 September 2023}}</ref><ref> |
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{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =23 September 2023}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 21:53, 27 April 2024
Guling
牯岭镇 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Coordinates: 29°34′13″N 115°58′36″E / 29.57028°N 115.97667°E | |
| Country | China |
| Location | Mount Lu, Jiujiang |
| Founded by | Edward Selby Little (李德立), Dr. Edgerton Haskell Hart, and three others |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
Guling, formerly romanized as Kuling, is a summer resort located on top of Mount Lu in Jiujiang, Jiangxi Province, China. It was formerly a resort reserved for European missionaries.[1] Now it is the tourist and administration center of the Lushan Geopark, a World Heritage Site.[2]
As of 2018[update], it has 5 residential communities, 2 villages, and 4 other neighborhoods under its administration.[3]
History[edit]
European settlement history[edit]
Kuling, now called Guling, on the slopes of a wide valley of Mount Lu, was established in 1895 by the missionaries Edward Selby Little, Dr. Edgerton Haskell Hart, and three others, as a sanitarium and rest resort for Western missionaries in southern China. They built their houses in the colonial style of architecture, and added churches, schools, and sports facilities. It was named by Little, as a pun: it is wonderfully cooling after the summer heat in the plains below. It was also a word that sounded conveniently Chinese to the local people, and has been adopted by them. Kuling was run by the missionaries in a Kuling Council that sold the plots of the land and with the proceeds, paid for local services and security. In 1910, Caroline Maddock Hart and four others met to found the Nurses Association of China, with Caroline Maddock Hart being its first president.
The Republic of China history[edit]
1934, Soong Mei-ling, then first Lady of the Republic of China, was given a villa in Kuling town, Mount Lu. She and her husband Chiang Kai-shek both loved the villa very much. Chiang Kai-shek named the villa as Mei Lu Villa to symbolize the beauty of Mount Lu. The couple usually stayed at this villa in Kuling town, Mount Lu, in summer time, so the mountain is called Summer Capital, and the villa is called the Summer Palace.[4][5][6]
Prior to 1949, President Chiang Kai-shek chose Mount Lu as the summer headquarters for his nationalist Kuomintang government, having been introduced to the place by his wife Soong Mei-ling, the daughter of a Shanghai Methodist minister. It was here that, in 1946, the U.S. special diplomatic mission representing the President of the United States, led by General George C. Marshall, met with Chiang Kai-shek to discuss the role of post-World War II China.
Modern history[edit]
After the conclusion of the Chinese Communist Revolution in 1949, it became the favourite meeting place for the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party because Chairman Mao used Chiang Kai-shek's house as one of his holiday homes. It hosted the Eighth Plenum of the Eighth Central Committee, also known as the Mount Lu Conference or "Plenum", which began on 23 July and convened on 2 August 1959. Kuling also hosted the Second Plenum of the Ninth Central Committee in August 1970.
The movie Romance on Lushan Mountain, which has been shown in the Mount Lu theatre non-stop since 1980, was recognised by Guinness World Records as the longest-running movie in theatres. Each ticket sold to this movie is numbered according to ticket sales to date. As of May 2006, this number was close to 140 million tickets.[citation needed]
Notable residents[edit]
- Pearl S. Buck (1892–1973) won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1938 for her descriptions of peasant life in China. She was the first American woman to win. She also won the Pulitzer Prize in 1932. She spent her childhood with her family in Kuling in summertime. Her father built a stone villa in Kuling in 1897 and lived there until his death in 1931.[7][8]
- Mervyn Peake (1911–1968) was born in Kuling, Mount Lu. He was an English writer, artist, poet, and illustrator. He was well-known for being the illustrator of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland[9] and the author of the Gormenghast series of novels.
- Lo-Yi Chang (1907–1988) was born in Kuling. She was the spouse of T. V. Soong, then Premier of the Republic of China. She has made significant contributions of promoting interculture understandings between China and western countries.[10]
Climate[edit]
| Climate data for Guling (elevation 1,165 m (3,822 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 19.4 (66.9) |
20.5 (68.9) |
24.6 (76.3) |
26.4 (79.5) |
28.1 (82.6) |
29.3 (84.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.8 (89.2) |
30.2 (86.4) |
28.5 (83.3) |
25.1 (77.2) |
18.9 (66.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
7.0 (44.6) |
11.0 (51.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
20.7 (69.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.1 (79.0) |
25.3 (77.5) |
21.9 (71.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
12.7 (54.9) |
7.0 (44.6) |
16.1 (61.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.6 (33.1) |
2.9 (37.2) |
6.7 (44.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
16.8 (62.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.8 (71.2) |
18.1 (64.6) |
13.3 (55.9) |
8.5 (47.3) |
2.9 (37.2) |
12.2 (54.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.3 (27.9) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
3.5 (38.3) |
9.1 (48.4) |
13.7 (56.7) |
17.3 (63.1) |
20.3 (68.5) |
19.5 (67.1) |
15.7 (60.3) |
10.5 (50.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
9.4 (48.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.6 (7.5) |
−11.6 (11.1) |
−10.4 (13.3) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
1.6 (34.9) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.9 (53.4) |
12.8 (55.0) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
−16.7 (1.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 85.3 (3.36) |
98.5 (3.88) |
167.9 (6.61) |
202.2 (7.96) |
251.2 (9.89) |
306.1 (12.05) |
274.2 (10.80) |
290.3 (11.43) |
147.8 (5.82) |
97.4 (3.83) |
83.0 (3.27) |
61.7 (2.43) |
2,065.6 (81.33) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 14.3 | 13.7 | 17.0 | 16.7 | 16.2 | 17.4 | 13.5 | 15.3 | 10.8 | 10.4 | 11.7 | 11.2 | 168.2 |
| Average snowy days | 9.3 | 6.7 | 3.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.3 | 5.2 | 26.1 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 73 | 76 | 77 | 77 | 79 | 85 | 85 | 87 | 84 | 75 | 69 | 65 | 78 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 112.3 | 102.4 | 112.9 | 130.4 | 136.5 | 111.4 | 175.7 | 153.9 | 147.6 | 158.8 | 144.0 | 142.7 | 1,628.6 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 35 | 32 | 30 | 34 | 32 | 27 | 41 | 38 | 40 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 37 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[11][12] | |||||||||||||
References[edit]
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- ^ "Guling". Tuniu. Archived from the original on 27 April 2017. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
- ^ 2018年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：牯岭镇 (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. Archived from the original on 2019-03-24. Retrieved 2019-03-08.
- ^ WANG, N. N., & JIANG, Z. (2007). "Using natural with ingenious ways, man and naturelive in harmony"——Simplyanalysis thedesign concepts of Mount Lushan" Meilu" villa to the inspirationofmodern ecological landscape design. Hundred Schools in Arts, 03.
- ^ "Kuling American School Association - Americans Who Still Call Lushan Home". Kuling American School Association 美国学堂 Website. Archived from the original on 20 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "《今日庐山之"美庐"》". 故宫博物院The Palace Museum Website. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 24 July 2021.
- ^ "赛兆祥墓碑". mylushan.com. Archived from the original on 22 June 2010. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ "Pearl S. Buck house in Zhenjiang". Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ Carroll, Lewis (12 October 2001). Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. ISBN 1582341745.
- ^ 池昕鸿 (22 July 2015). "国内名人传记丛书（套装共6册）". books.google. Archived from the original on 21 May 2022. Retrieved 22 July 2021.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
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