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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|01|15}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|01|15}}
| birth_place = Riverdale, Kansas
| birth_place = Riverdale, Kansas
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1992|03|21|1905|01|15}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1992|03|28|1905|01|15}}
| death_place = Amherst, Massachusetts
| death_place = Amherst, Massachusetts
| residence =
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'''John Donovan Strong''' (1905-1992) was an American [[physicist]] and [[astronomer]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sanderson |first1=John A. |title=John Donovan Strong |journal=Physics Today |date=March 1993 |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=102–103 |doi=10.1063/1.2808855|doi-access=free }}</ref> Strong, one of the world's foremost optical scientists, was known for being the first to detect water vapor in the atmosphere of Venus and for developing a number of innovations in optical devices, ranging from improved telescope mirrors to anti-reflective coatings for optical elements and diffraction gratings.
'''John Donovan Strong''' (1905-1992) was an American [[physicist]] and [[astronomer]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sanderson |first1=John A. |title=John Donovan Strong |journal=Physics Today |date=March 1993 |volume=46 |issue=3 |pages=102–103 |doi=10.1063/1.2808855|doi-access=free }}</ref> One of the world's foremost optical scientists of his day, Strong was known for being the first to detect water vapor in the atmosphere of Venus and for developing a number of innovations in optical devices, ranging from improved telescope mirrors to anti-reflective coatings for optical elements and diffraction gratings.


== Career ==
== Career ==


Born in Lawrence, Kansas in 1905,<ref name="Optica">{{cite web |last1=Howard |first1=John N. |title=[Optical Society of America] Presidents of the Late 1950s |url=https://opg.optica.org/directpdfaccess/4caf7631-6f0e-4e4d-9019da119b40777a_209228/opn-22-1-18.pdf |website=optica.org |publisher=Optica |access-date=10 May 2023 |date=January 2011 |quote=John Donovan Strong was born in Riverdale, Kansas, on 15 January 1905.}}</ref> Strong received degrees from the University of Kansas (BA 1926) and the [[University of Michigan]] (M.S., 1928, Ph.D., 1930). After twelve years at Caltech and wartime research at Harvard on infrared systems, Strong became professor and director of the Astrophysics and Physical Meteorology Laboratories at Johns Hopkins University in 1946, where, among many other projects, he conducted research on balloon astronomy for the Office of Naval Research (ONR). Strong died of pancreatic cancer in 1992.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |title=John Donovan Strong |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1992-03-24-1992084173-story.html |access-date=10 May 2023 |work=The Baltimore Sun |date=24 March 1992 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620171355/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1992-03-24-1992084173-story.html |archive-date=20 June 2021 |url-status=live |quote=John Donovan Strong, an astronomer who was a professor at Johns Hopkins University before moving to the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, died of cancer Saturday [21 March] at a nursing home in Amherst. He was 87.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=John Strong, 87, Expert in Optics And Astronomy |last1=Lambert |first1=Bruce |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/28/us/john-strong-87-expert-in-optics-and-astronomy.html |access-date=10 May 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=28 March 1992 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424004858/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/28/us/john-strong-87-expert-in-optics-and-astronomy.html |archive-date=24 April 2023 |quote=John D. Strong, a scientist and inventor who discovered water vapor on Venus and advanced the development of telescope mirrors and other optical devices, died on Saturday at the Amherst Nursing Home in Amherst, Mass. He was 87 years old. He died of pancreatic cancer, his family said.}}</ref>
Born in Lawrence, Kansas in 1905,<ref name="Optica">{{cite web |last1=Howard |first1=John N. |title=[Optical Society of America] Presidents of the Late 1950s |url=https://opg.optica.org/directpdfaccess/0a800aca-7f0a-4a25-aa5630ffb39330a0_209228/opn-22-1-18.pdf |website=optica.org |publisher=Optica |access-date=10 May 2023 |date=January 2011 |quote=John Donovan Strong was born in Riverdale, Kansas, on 15 January 1905.}}</ref> Strong received degrees from the University of Kansas (BA 1926) and the [[University of Michigan]] (M.S., 1928, Ph.D., 1930). After twelve years at Caltech and wartime research at Harvard on infrared systems, Strong became professor and director of the Astrophysics and Physical Meteorology Laboratories at Johns Hopkins University in 1946, where, among many other projects, he conducted research on balloon astronomy for the Office of Naval Research (ONR). He retired in 1981.<ref name=Opticaorg>{{cite web |title=John D. Strong {{!}} Optica |url=https://www.optica.org/History/Biographies/bios/John-D--Strong |website=www.optica.org |access-date=8 November 2023}}</ref> Strong died of pancreatic cancer in 1992.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |title=John Donovan Strong |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1992-03-24-1992084173-story.html |access-date=10 May 2023 |work=The Baltimore Sun |date=24 March 1992 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210620171355/https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-1992-03-24-1992084173-story.html |archive-date=20 June 2021 |url-status=live |quote=John Donovan Strong, an astronomer who was a professor at Johns Hopkins University before moving to the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, died of cancer Saturday [21 March] at a nursing home in Amherst. He was 87.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=John Strong, 87, Expert in Optics And Astronomy |last1=Lambert |first1=Bruce |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/28/us/john-strong-87-expert-in-optics-and-astronomy.html |access-date=10 May 2023 |work=The New York Times |date=28 March 1992 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230424004858/https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/28/us/john-strong-87-expert-in-optics-and-astronomy.html |archive-date=24 April 2023 |quote=John D. Strong, a scientist and inventor who discovered water vapor on Venus and advanced the development of telescope mirrors and other optical devices, died on Saturday at the Amherst Nursing Home in Amherst, Mass. He was 87 years old. He died of pancreatic cancer, his family said.}}</ref>


== Research ==
== Research ==


Strong published hundreds of papers throughout his career and was author of ''Procedures in Experimental Physics'', a standard physics textbook for many years. Strong served as president of the American Optical Association in 1959 and patented numerous inventions for optics in spectroscopy as well as golf (see US Patent no. 3720467<ref>http://www.wikipatents.com/3720467.html{{dead link|date=April 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>).
Strong published hundreds of papers throughout his career and was author of ''Procedures in Experimental Physics'', a standard physics textbook for many years. Strong served as president of the American Optical Association in 1959<ref name="Optica" /> and patented numerous inventions for optics in spectroscopy as well as golf (see {{cite patent |country=US |number=3720467A |status=patent}}).

== Awards ==
Strong won Longstreth and Levy Medals from the Franklin Institute and OSA's Frederic Ives Medal.<ref name=Opticaorg/>

== Selected publications ==
* {{cite book |last1=Strong |first1=John |title=Procedures in Experimental Physics |date=1 January 1986 |publisher=Lindsay Pubns |isbn=978-0-917914-56-0 |edition=1986th |language=English}}
* {{cite book |last1=Strong |first1=John |title=Concepts of Classical Optics |date=15 January 2004 |publisher=Dover Publications |isbn=978-0-486-43262-5 |edition=2004th |language=English}}
* {{cite book |last1=Strong |first1=John |title=Procedures in Applied Optics |date=28 October 1989 |publisher=Marcel Dekker, Inc. |isbn=978-0-8247-7987-0 |edition=1st |language=English}}

⚫
==See also==
*[[Optica (society)#Presidents]]


==References==
==References==
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* [http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josa/journal/josa/20prez.cfm Articles Published by early OSA Presidents] Journal of the Optical Society of America
* [http://www.opticsinfobase.org/josa/journal/josa/20prez.cfm Articles Published by early OSA Presidents] Journal of the Optical Society of America
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/28279 American Institute of Physics oral history of John Strong]
* [https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/28279 American Institute of Physics oral history of John Strong]

⚫
==See also==
*[[Optical Society of America#Past Presidents of the OSA]]
*1956-[https://web.archive.org/web/20070927200857/http://www.osa.org/aboutosa/awards/osaawards/awardsdesc/ivesquinn/ Frederic Ives Medal]


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[[Category:Presidents of Optica (society)]]
[[Category:Presidents of Optica (society)]]
[[Category:20th-century American physicists]]
[[Category:20th-century American physicists]]
[[Category:Optical physicists]]
[[Category:American optical physicists]]
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]
[[Category:1992 deaths]]

Latest revision as of 10:36, 6 April 2024

John D. Strong
Born(1905-01-15)January 15, 1905
Riverdale, Kansas
DiedMarch 28, 1992(1992-03-28) (aged 87)
Amherst, Massachusetts
Alma materUniversity of Michigan
Known forOptics
AwardsSPIE Gold Medal (1977)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysics, Astronomy
InstitutionsCaltech, Harvard, Johns Hopkins University
Doctoral studentsMartin Summerfield

John Donovan Strong (1905-1992) was an American physicist and astronomer.[1] One of the world's foremost optical scientists of his day, Strong was known for being the first to detect water vapor in the atmosphere of Venus and for developing a number of innovations in optical devices, ranging from improved telescope mirrors to anti-reflective coatings for optical elements and diffraction gratings.

Career[edit]

Born in Lawrence, Kansas in 1905,[2] Strong received degrees from the University of Kansas (BA 1926) and the University of Michigan (M.S., 1928, Ph.D., 1930). After twelve years at Caltech and wartime research at Harvard on infrared systems, Strong became professor and director of the Astrophysics and Physical Meteorology Laboratories at Johns Hopkins University in 1946, where, among many other projects, he conducted research on balloon astronomy for the Office of Naval Research (ONR). He retired in 1981.[3] Strong died of pancreatic cancer in 1992.[4][5]

Research[edit]

Strong published hundreds of papers throughout his career and was author of Procedures in Experimental Physics, a standard physics textbook for many years. Strong served as president of the American Optical Association in 1959[2] and patented numerous inventions for optics in spectroscopy as well as golf (see US patent 3720467A ).

Awards[edit]

Strong won Longstreth and Levy Medals from the Franklin Institute and OSA's Frederic Ives Medal.[3]

Selected publications[edit]

  • Strong, John (1 January 1986). Procedures in Experimental Physics (1986th ed.). Lindsay Pubns. ISBN 978-0-917914-56-0.
  • Strong, John (15 January 2004). Concepts of Classical Optics (2004th ed.). Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-43262-5.
  • Strong, John (28 October 1989). Procedures in Applied Optics (1st ed.). Marcel Dekker, Inc. ISBN 978-0-8247-7987-0.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Sanderson, John A. (March 1993). "John Donovan Strong". Physics Today. 46 (3): 102–103. doi:10.1063/1.2808855.
  2. ^ a b Howard, John N. (January 2011). "[Optical Society of America] Presidents of the Late 1950s" (PDF). optica.org. Optica. Retrieved 10 May 2023. John Donovan Strong was born in Riverdale, Kansas, on 15 January 1905.
  3. ^ a b "John D. Strong | Optica". www.optica.org. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  4. ^ "John Donovan Strong". The Baltimore Sun. 24 March 1992. Archived from the original on 20 June 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2023. John Donovan Strong, an astronomer who was a professor at Johns Hopkins University before moving to the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, died of cancer Saturday [21 March] at a nursing home in Amherst. He was 87.
  5. ^ Lambert, Bruce (28 March 1992). "John Strong, 87, Expert in Optics And Astronomy". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 24 April 2023. Retrieved 10 May 2023. John D. Strong, a scientist and inventor who discovered water vapor on Venus and advanced the development of telescope mirrors and other optical devices, died on Saturday at the Amherst Nursing Home in Amherst, Mass. He was 87 years old. He died of pancreatic cancer, his family said.

External links[edit]


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