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'''Passavas''' or '''Las''' is situated on the [[Mani Peninsula]]. In ancient times Las was a [[Sparta]]n possession and in 218 BC the citizens of the city fought and routed and group of [[Philip V of Macedon]]'s army. Las became part of the Union of Free Laconians in 195 BC when it separated from Sparta. The Spartans however recaptured the city in 189 BC. Sparta (the city) was then taken over by the [[Achaean League]] and Las gained its independence again. When the Romans took over most of [[Greece]] in 146 BC, Las and the other Free Laconian city continued to have independence. In Roman times, Las had a bath and a gymnasium. |
'''Passavas''' or '''Las''' is situated on the [[Mani Peninsula]]. In ancient times Las was a [[Sparta]]n possession and in 218 BC the citizens of the city fought and routed and group of [[Philip V of Macedon]]'s army. Las became part of the Union of Free Laconians in 195 BC when it separated from Sparta. The Spartans however recaptured the city in 189 BC. Sparta (the city) was then taken over by the [[Achaean League]] and Las gained its independence again. When the Romans took over most of [[Greece]] in 146 BC, Las and the other Free Laconian city continued to have independence. In Roman times, Las had a bath and a gymnasium. |
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The name Passavas is unknown in [[Byzantine]] times until the Frankish conquest of the [[Peloponnese]] when Mani was given to the Baron Jean de Neuilly (or de Nully), who built a [[castle]] at Las. This castle became known as Passavas most probably after the family motto which was: Pas Avant (Passe-Avant, "move forward"). Passavas was a small but important barony because it temporarily held the unruly [[Maniots]] at bay. When the prince of [[Achaea]], Prince [[William II Villehardouin]] was defeated and captured at the [[Battle of Pelagonia]], the Baron Jean de Neuilly II was captured as well. Then, the barony passed to his daughter Margaret de Passavas, widow of the Lord of Lisarea [[Escors|Guibert de Cors]] (or d'Escors).<ref>Libro de los fechos et conquistas del principado de la Morea. 1885. Juan Fernández de Heredia, Alfred Morel -Fatio. Imprimerie Jules -Guillaume Fick.</ref><ref>The Chronicle of Morea. A History in political verse, relating the establishment of feudalism in Greece by the Franks in the thirteenth century. 1904. John Schmitt, PhD. Methuen & CO. 36 Essex Street, W.C. London.</ref> She was forced to give up her castle and her barony as part of Villehardouin's ransom. |
The name Passavas is unknown in [[Byzantine]] times until the Frankish conquest of the [[Peloponnese]] when Mani was given to the Baron Jean de Neuilly (or de Nully), who built a [[castle]] at Las. This castle became known as Passavas most probably after the family motto which was: Pas Avant (Passe-Avant, "move forward"). Passavas was a small but important barony because it temporarily held the unruly [[Maniots]] at bay. When the prince of [[Achaea]], Prince [[William II Villehardouin]] was defeated and captured at the [[Battle of Pelagonia]], the Baron Jean de Neuilly II was captured as well. Then, the barony passed to his daughter Margaret de Passavas, widow of the Lord of Lisarea [[Escors|Guibert de Cors]] (or d'Escors).<ref>Libro de los fechos et conquistas del principado de la Morea. 1885. Juan Fernández de Heredia, Alfred Morel -Fatio. Imprimerie Jules -Guillaume Fick.</ref><ref>The Chronicle of Morea. A History in political verse, relating the establishment of feudalism in Greece by the Franks in the thirteenth century. 1904. John Schmitt, PhD. Methuen & CO. 36 Essex Street, W.C. London.</ref> She was forced to give up her castle and her barony as part of Villehardouin's ransom.<ref>L'Achaïe féodale: étude sur le moyen âge en Grèce (1205-1456). Diane de Guldencrone. Published in 1886 by E. Leroux. Book Collection from the University of Michigan.</ref><ref>The princes of Achaia and the Chronicles of Morea: a study of Greece in the middle ages, Volume 1. E. Arnold, 1907. the University of Wisconsin - Madison.</ref><ref>The Chronicle of Morea: Historiography in Crusader Greece Oxford Studies in Byzantium. Teresa Shawcross. Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 0199557004</ref> |
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The castle was in use once again during the second Byzantine domination. The castle of Passavas was occupied by the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]s for a short time when they took over |
The castle was in use once again during the second Byzantine domination. The castle of Passavas was occupied by the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]s for a short time when they took over the majority of the Peloponnese, in a failed attempt to keep control over the Maniots who refused to accept Ottoman rule. In 1601, a [[Spain|Spanish]] [[Naval fleet|fleet]] led by [[Alonso de Contreras]] that was raiding in the area surprised the Ottoman [[garrison]] and sacked the city. It was re-garrisoned in 1669, by the Ottoman [[general]] Kuesy Ali Pasha. The castle was captured again in 1684 by the [[Republic of Venice|Venetians]] and the Maniots. The Venetians carried off the cannons and destroyed the city so it would not be used again. When the leader of the Maniots was executed by the Ottomans, his mother led the men of [[Skoutari]] who dressed up as priests on [[Easter Sunday]] and were allowed entry to the castle. When they got in they took out their hidden weapons and not many of the 700 families inhabiting the castle escaped. The castle was abandoned after that and has not been inhabited since in fear of the Maniots. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 16:04, 11 June 2013
Passavas or Las is situated on the Mani Peninsula. In ancient times Las was a Spartan possession and in 218 BC the citizens of the city fought and routed and group of Philip V of Macedon's army. Las became part of the Union of Free Laconians in 195 BC when it separated from Sparta. The Spartans however recaptured the city in 189 BC. Sparta (the city) was then taken over by the Achaean League and Las gained its independence again. When the Romans took over most of Greece in 146 BC, Las and the other Free Laconian city continued to have independence. In Roman times, Las had a bath and a gymnasium.
The name Passavas is unknown in Byzantine times until the Frankish conquest of the Peloponnese when Mani was given to the Baron Jean de Neuilly (or de Nully), who built a castle at Las. This castle became known as Passavas most probably after the family motto which was: Pas Avant (Passe-Avant, "move forward"). Passavas was a small but important barony because it temporarily held the unruly Maniots at bay. When the prince of Achaea, Prince William II Villehardouin was defeated and captured at the Battle of Pelagonia, the Baron Jean de Neuilly II was captured as well. Then, the barony passed to his daughter Margaret de Passavas, widow of the Lord of Lisarea Guibert de Cors (or d'Escors).[1][2] She was forced to give up her castle and her barony as part of Villehardouin's ransom.[3][4][5]
The castle was in use once again during the second Byzantine domination. The castle of Passavas was occupied by the Ottomans for a short time when they took over the majority of the Peloponnese, in a failed attempt to keep control over the Maniots who refused to accept Ottoman rule. In 1601, a Spanish fleet led by Alonso de Contreras that was raiding in the area surprised the Ottoman garrison and sacked the city. It was re-garrisoned in 1669, by the Ottoman general Kuesy Ali Pasha. The castle was captured again in 1684 by the Venetians and the Maniots. The Venetians carried off the cannons and destroyed the city so it would not be used again. When the leader of the Maniots was executed by the Ottomans, his mother led the men of Skoutari who dressed up as priests on Easter Sunday and were allowed entry to the castle. When they got in they took out their hidden weapons and not many of the 700 families inhabiting the castle escaped. The castle was abandoned after that and has not been inhabited since in fear of the Maniots.
References
- Livy. "Rome and the Mediterranean" ISBN 0-14-044318-5
- Peter Greenhalgh and Edward Eliopoulos. Deep into Mani:Journey to the southern tip of Greece.
- Peter Green. Alexander to Actium: Historical Evolution of the Hellenistic Age ISBN 0-500-01485-X
Bibliography
- ^ Libro de los fechos et conquistas del principado de la Morea. 1885. Juan Fernández de Heredia, Alfred Morel -Fatio. Imprimerie Jules -Guillaume Fick.
- ^ The Chronicle of Morea. A History in political verse, relating the establishment of feudalism in Greece by the Franks in the thirteenth century. 1904. John Schmitt, PhD. Methuen & CO. 36 Essex Street, W.C. London.
- ^ L'Achaïe féodale: étude sur le moyen âge en Grèce (1205-1456). Diane de Guldencrone. Published in 1886 by E. Leroux. Book Collection from the University of Michigan.
- ^ The princes of Achaia and the Chronicles of Morea: a study of Greece in the middle ages, Volume 1. E. Arnold, 1907. the University of Wisconsin - Madison.
- ^ The Chronicle of Morea: Historiography in Crusader Greece Oxford Studies in Byzantium. Teresa Shawcross. Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 0199557004