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{{Short description|Canadian biologist}}
{{Short description|Canadian biologist}}


'''Mark E. Siddall''' is a Canadian biologist. Siddall has studied the [[evolutionary biology|evolution]] and [[systematics]] of blood parasites and [[leech]]es, and systematic theory.{{cn|date=April 2021}} Siddall was hired as an assistant curator at the [[American Museum of Natural History]] in July, 1999<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://search.proquest.com/openview/826ba0e832e279739fb0691b74b947f6/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=41450|title=INTRODUCTION OF PRESIDENT MARK E. SIDDALL - ProQuest|website=search.proquest.com}}</ref> and worked there as a curator until September, 2020, when he was terminated for having violated the museum's policy prohibiting sexual relationships between staff and mentees<ref name="auto">{{cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Julia|date=October 2, 2020|title=Museum Fires Curator Who It Says Sexually Harassed Student Researcher|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/23/arts/mark-siddall-sexual-harassment.html|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref>.
'''Mark E. Siddall''' is a Canadian biologist. Siddall has studied the [[evolutionary biology|evolution]] and [[systematics]] of blood parasites and [[leech]]es, and systematic theory.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}} Siddall was hired as an assistant curator at the [[American Museum of Natural History]] in July, 1999<ref name="auto1">{{cite web|url=https://search.proquest.com/openview/826ba0e832e279739fb0691b74b947f6/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=41450|title=INTRODUCTION OF PRESIDENT MARK E. SIDDALL - ProQuest|website=search.proquest.com}}</ref> and worked there as a curator until September, 2020, when he was terminated for having violated the museum's policy prohibiting sexual relationships between staff and mentees.<ref name="auto">{{cite news|last=Jacobs|first=Julia|date=October 2, 2020|title=Museum Fires Curator Who It Says Sexually Harassed Student Researcher|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/23/arts/mark-siddall-sexual-harassment.html|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==

Siddall completed a Masters<ref>{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/uoftmagazine/docs/winter14/62|title=U of T Magazine &#124; Winter 2014|website=Issuu}}</ref> and PhD<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldsciencefestival.com/participants/mark_siddall/ |title=Mark Siddall |publisher=World Science Festival |date= |accessdate=2021-03-12}}</ref> under the supervision of Sherwin S. Desser at the [[University of Toronto]] in 1991 and 1994, respectively.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44810235|author=Siddall, Mark E.|title=Presidential Address: Reinvention and Resolve|year=2016|journal=The Journal of Parasitology|volume=102|issue=6|pages=566–571|doi=10.1645/16-113|jstor=44810235|pmid=27626125|s2cid=11802614}}</ref>
Siddall completed a Masters<ref>{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/uoftmagazine/docs/winter14/62|title=U of T Magazine &#124; Winter 2014|website=Issuu}}</ref> and PhD<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.worldsciencefestival.com/participants/mark_siddall/ |title=Mark Siddall |publisher=World Science Festival |date= |access-date=2021-03-12}}</ref> under the supervision of Sherwin S. Desser at the [[University of Toronto]] in 1991 and 1994, respectively.<ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/44810235|author=Siddall, Mark E.|title=Presidential Address: Reinvention and Resolve|year=2016|journal=The Journal of Parasitology|volume=102|issue=6|pages=566–571|doi=10.1645/16-113|jstor=44810235|pmid=27626125|s2cid=11802614}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==


After completing his PhD, Siddall completed a postdoc at the [[Virginia Institute of Marine Science]].<ref name="auto2"/> Subsequently, he was a fellow in the Michigan Society of Fellows from 1996 - 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lsa.umich.edu/herbarium/news-events/all-events.detail.html/37412-6534097.html|title=All Events &#124; U-M LSA University of Michigan Herbarium|website=lsa.umich.edu}}</ref>
After completing his PhD, Siddall completed a postdoc at the [[Virginia Institute of Marine Science]].<ref name="auto2"/> Subsequently, he was a fellow in the Michigan Society of Fellows from 1996 - 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lsa.umich.edu/herbarium/news-events/all-events.detail.html/37412-6534097.html|title=All Events &#124; U-M LSA University of Michigan Herbarium|website=lsa.umich.edu}}</ref>


Siddall has worked and published on parasitic and other animals, including leeches<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zimmer|first=Carl|date=2006-02-07|title=His Subject: Highly Evolved and Exquisitely Thirsty|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/07/science/his-subject-highly-evolved-and-exquisitely-thirsty.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Gorman|first=James|date=2012-06-25|title=Falling in Love May Take a Lifetime of Research|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/26/science/for-scientists-falling-in-love-is-a-lifetime-of-research.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Rothstein|first=Edward|date=2013-11-14|title=A Touch of the Toxic, for Good or Ill|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/15/arts/design/the-power-of-poison-at-american-museum-of-natural-history.html|access-date=2021-04-12|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Blum|first=Deborah|date=2014-07-31|title=A Toxic Menagerie|url=https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/07/31/a-toxic-menagerie/|access-date=2021-04-13|website=Well}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Flegenheimer|first=Matt|date=2014-08-01|title=A Night of Dinosaurs and Stargazing (No Children Allowed)|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/03/nyregion/a-night-of-dinosaurs-and-stargazing-no-kids-allowed.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Dean|first=Cornelia|date=2015-09-07|title=The Tardigrade: Practically Invisible, Indestructible 'Water Bears'|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/08/science/the-tardigrade-water-bear.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ray|first=C. Claiborne|date=2017-05-22|title=A Taste for Poison in Warmer Climates?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/22/science/venom-tropical-climates.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Barron|first=James|date=2018-09-02|title=It's the Biggest Oyster Found in New York in 100 Years. And It Has Stories to Tell|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/02/nyregion/biggest-oyster-new-york-city-harbor.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Gorman|first=James|date=2019-10-28|title=Meet the Bloodsuckers|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/28/science/vampires-blood-leeches.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jr|first=Ralph Gardner|date=2014-03-19|title=At Natural History Museum, the Lowdown on Leeches|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304017604579447522401565520.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2014-09-05|title=Leech Expert Mark Siddall's Tech Essentials|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/leech-expert-mark-siddalls-tech-essentials-1409932179|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0099-9660}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Hsu|first=Michael|date=2015-07-10|title=Best Bets for Avoiding Mosquitoes, Bees, Ants and Leeches|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/best-bets-for-avoiding-mosquitoes-bees-ants-and-leeches-1436557571|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> jellyfish,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Yong|first=Ed|date=2016-08-22|title=A Tiny Jellyfish Relative Just Shut Down Yellowstone River|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/08/the-parasite-that-just-shut-down-a-montana-river-has-an-unbelievable-origin/496817/|access-date=2021-04-13|website=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref> guinea worms,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Palmer|first=Brian|date=2015-03-10|title=We're on the Verge of the Greatest Public Health Triumph of the 21st Century|url=https://slate.com/technology/2015/03/guinea-worm-eradication-nylon-filters-and-caring-about-others-bring-a-public-health-victory.html|access-date=2021-04-13|website=Slate Magazine|language=en}}</ref> and bed bugs.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Borel|first=Brooke|date=2016-02-02|title=Bed bug genome shows how gnarly these creatures really are|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/2/10891676/bed-bug-genome-sequencing-findings-nature-communications|access-date=2021-04-13|website=The Verge|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kolbert|first=Elizabeth|title=Old Bugs|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/06/30/old-bugs|access-date=2021-04-13|website=The New Yorker|language=en-us}}</ref>
Siddall has worked and published on parasitic and other animals, including leeches<ref>{{Cite news|last=Zimmer|first=Carl|date=2006-02-07|title=His Subject: Highly Evolved and Exquisitely Thirsty|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/07/science/his-subject-highly-evolved-and-exquisitely-thirsty.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Gorman|first=James|date=2012-06-25|title=Falling in Love May Take a Lifetime of Research|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/26/science/for-scientists-falling-in-love-is-a-lifetime-of-research.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Cite news|last=Rothstein|first=Edward|date=2013-11-14|title=A Touch of the Toxic, for Good or Ill|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/11/15/arts/design/the-power-of-poison-at-american-museum-of-natural-history.html|access-date=2021-04-12|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Blum|first=Deborah|date=2014-07-31|title=A Toxic Menagerie|url=https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/07/31/a-toxic-menagerie/|access-date=2021-04-13|website=Well}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Flegenheimer|first=Matt|date=2014-08-01|title=A Night of Dinosaurs and Stargazing (No Children Allowed)|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/03/nyregion/a-night-of-dinosaurs-and-stargazing-no-kids-allowed.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Dean|first=Cornelia|date=2015-09-07|title=The Tardigrade: Practically Invisible, Indestructible 'Water Bears'|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/08/science/the-tardigrade-water-bear.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Ray|first=C. Claiborne|date=2017-05-22|title=A Taste for Poison in Warmer Climates?|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/22/science/venom-tropical-climates.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Barron|first=James|date=2018-09-02|title=It's the Biggest Oyster Found in New York in 100 Years. And It Has Stories to Tell|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/02/nyregion/biggest-oyster-new-york-city-harbor.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Gorman|first=James|date=2019-10-28|title=Meet the Bloodsuckers|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/28/science/vampires-blood-leeches.html|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Jr|first=Ralph Gardner|date=2014-03-19|title=At Natural History Museum, the Lowdown on Leeches|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304017604579447522401565520.html|access-date=2021-04-13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=2014-09-05|title=Leech Expert Mark Siddall's Tech Essentials|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://online.wsj.com/articles/leech-expert-mark-siddalls-tech-essentials-1409932179|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0099-9660}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Hsu|first=Michael|date=2015-07-10|title=Best Bets for Avoiding Mosquitoes, Bees, Ants and Leeches|language=en-US|work=Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/best-bets-for-avoiding-mosquitoes-bees-ants-and-leeches-1436557571|access-date=2021-04-13|issn=0099-9660}}</ref> jellyfish,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Yong|first=Ed|date=2016-08-22|title=A Tiny Jellyfish Relative Just Shut Down Yellowstone River|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/08/the-parasite-that-just-shut-down-a-montana-river-has-an-unbelievable-origin/496817/|access-date=2021-04-13|website=The Atlantic|language=en}}</ref> guinea worms,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Palmer|first=Brian|date=2015-03-10|title=We're on the Verge of the Greatest Public Health Triumph of the 21st Century|url=https://slate.com/technology/2015/03/guinea-worm-eradication-nylon-filters-and-caring-about-others-bring-a-public-health-victory.html|access-date=2021-04-13|website=Slate Magazine|language=en}}</ref> and bed bugs.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Borel|first=Brooke|date=2016-02-02|title=Bed bug genome shows how gnarly these creatures really are|url=https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/2/10891676/bed-bug-genome-sequencing-findings-nature-communications|access-date=2021-04-13|website=The Verge|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Kolbert|first=Elizabeth|title=Old Bugs|url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/06/30/old-bugs|access-date=2021-04-13|website=The New Yorker|language=en-us}}</ref>


He is the author of the popular science book, ''Poison: Sinister Species with Deadly Consequences''.{{cn|date=April 2021}}
He is the author of the popular science book, ''Poison: Sinister Species with Deadly Consequences''.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}


The [[American Museum of Natural History]] let him go in September 2020 after an outside law firm, Kaplan Hecker & Fink<ref name="auto"/>, made a determination that he had sexually harassed and bullied a graduate student. As part of the investigation, he was cited for violating a museum policy that prohibits sexual relationships between staff and mentees under their academic supervision<ref name="auto" />. Siddall has denied that a sexual encounter took place.<ref name="auto" /> Siddall did state that the student had initiated a physical encounter with him, which he had rejected <ref name="auto" />. A year after that incident, Siddall found an error in the findings of a research paper she was writing for a peer-reviewed publication, of which he was one of the co-authors and attempted to prevent the paper from being published; the museum found that his efforts were motivated at least in part by a desire to retaliate against the student for refusing to engage with him <ref name="auto" />. He publicly disagreed with the findings by the museum that led to his dismissal, however, he chose to not appeal the decision for personal reasons and due to legal costs<ref name="auto" />. The Museum responded with termination<ref name="auto" />. There had been a prior complaint filed against him with the museum by Dr. Susan Perkins in 2017 <ref name="auto" />.
The [[American Museum of Natural History]] let him go in September 2020 after an outside law firm, Kaplan Hecker & Fink,<ref name="auto"/> made a determination that he had sexually harassed and bullied a graduate student. As part of the investigation, he was cited for violating a museum policy that prohibits sexual relationships between staff and mentees under their academic supervision.<ref name="auto" /> Siddall has denied that a sexual encounter took place.<ref name="auto" /> Siddall did state that the student had initiated a physical encounter with him, which he had rejected.<ref name="auto" /> A year after that incident, Siddall found an error in the findings of a research paper she was writing for a peer-reviewed publication, of which he was one of the co-authors and attempted to prevent the paper from being published; the museum found that his efforts were motivated at least in part by a desire to retaliate against the student for refusing to engage with him.<ref name="auto" /> He publicly disagreed with the findings by the museum that led to his dismissal, however, he chose to not appeal the decision for personal reasons and due to legal costs.<ref name="auto" /> The Museum responded with termination.<ref name="auto" /> There had been a prior complaint filed against him with the museum by Dr. Susan Perkins in 2017.<ref name="auto" />


==Research==
==Research==


Siddall studies [[phylogenetics]] and evolution.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/07/science/his-subject-highly-evolved-and-exquisitely-thirsty.html|title=His Subject: Highly Evolved and Exquisitely Thirsty (Published 2006)|first=Carl|last=Zimmer|date=February 7, 2006|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> Siddall has been described as "a staunch supporter of [[Maximum parsimony (phylogenetics)|parsimony]] and a harsh critic of maximum likelihood approaches” to inferring phylogenies..<ref name="auto2">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3285473|title=Society Business|author1=Burreson, Eugene M.|author2=Siddall, Mark E.|author3=Connors, Vincent A.|year=2002|journal=The Journal of Parasitology|volume=88|issue=6|pages=1053–1070|doi=10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[1053:IOMESA]2.0.CO;2|jstor=3285473|via=JSTOR}}</ref>
Siddall studies [[phylogenetics]] and evolution.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/07/science/his-subject-highly-evolved-and-exquisitely-thirsty.html|title=His Subject: Highly Evolved and Exquisitely Thirsty (Published 2006)|first=Carl|last=Zimmer|date=February 7, 2006|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> Siddall has been described as "a staunch supporter of [[Maximum parsimony (phylogenetics)|parsimony]] and a harsh critic of maximum likelihood approaches” to inferring phylogenies.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite journal|url=http://www.jstor.org/stable/3285473|title=Society Business|author1=Burreson, Eugene M.|author2=Siddall, Mark E.|author3=Connors, Vincent A.|year=2002|journal=The Journal of Parasitology|volume=88|issue=6|pages=1053–1070|doi=10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[1053:IOMESA]2.0.CO;2|jstor=3285473|via=JSTOR}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Revision as of 05:11, 30 April 2021

Mark E. Siddall is a Canadian biologist. Siddall has studied the evolution and systematics of blood parasites and leeches, and systematic theory.[citation needed] Siddall was hired as an assistant curator at the American Museum of Natural History in July, 1999[1] and worked there as a curator until September, 2020, when he was terminated for having violated the museum's policy prohibiting sexual relationships between staff and mentees.[2]

Education

Siddall completed a Masters[3] and PhD[4] under the supervision of Sherwin S. Desser at the University of Toronto in 1991 and 1994, respectively.[5]

Career

After completing his PhD, Siddall completed a postdoc at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science.[6] Subsequently, he was a fellow in the Michigan Society of Fellows from 1996 - 1999.[7]

Siddall has worked and published on parasitic and other animals, including leeches[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] jellyfish,[20] guinea worms,[21] and bed bugs.[22][23]

He is the author of the popular science book, Poison: Sinister Species with Deadly Consequences.[citation needed]

The American Museum of Natural History let him go in September 2020 after an outside law firm, Kaplan Hecker & Fink,[2] made a determination that he had sexually harassed and bullied a graduate student. As part of the investigation, he was cited for violating a museum policy that prohibits sexual relationships between staff and mentees under their academic supervision.[2] Siddall has denied that a sexual encounter took place.[2] Siddall did state that the student had initiated a physical encounter with him, which he had rejected.[2] A year after that incident, Siddall found an error in the findings of a research paper she was writing for a peer-reviewed publication, of which he was one of the co-authors and attempted to prevent the paper from being published; the museum found that his efforts were motivated at least in part by a desire to retaliate against the student for refusing to engage with him.[2] He publicly disagreed with the findings by the museum that led to his dismissal, however, he chose to not appeal the decision for personal reasons and due to legal costs.[2] The Museum responded with termination.[2] There had been a prior complaint filed against him with the museum by Dr. Susan Perkins in 2017.[2]

Research

Siddall studies phylogenetics and evolution.[24] Siddall has been described as "a staunch supporter of parsimony and a harsh critic of maximum likelihood approaches” to inferring phylogenies.[6]

References

  1. ^ "INTRODUCTION OF PRESIDENT MARK E. SIDDALL - ProQuest". search.proquest.com.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i Jacobs, Julia (October 2, 2020). "Museum Fires Curator Who It Says Sexually Harassed Student Researcher" – via NYTimes.com.
  3. ^ "U of T Magazine | Winter 2014". Issuu.
  4. ^ "Mark Siddall". World Science Festival. Retrieved 2021-03-12.
  5. ^ Siddall, Mark E. (2016). "Presidential Address: Reinvention and Resolve". The Journal of Parasitology. 102 (6): 566–571. doi:10.1645/16-113. JSTOR 44810235. PMID 27626125. S2CID 11802614.
  6. ^ a b Burreson, Eugene M.; Siddall, Mark E.; Connors, Vincent A. (2002). "Society Business". The Journal of Parasitology. 88 (6): 1053–1070. doi:10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[1053:IOMESA]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 3285473 – via JSTOR.
  7. ^ "All Events | U-M LSA University of Michigan Herbarium". lsa.umich.edu.
  8. ^ Zimmer, Carl (2006-02-07). "His Subject: Highly Evolved and Exquisitely Thirsty". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  9. ^ Gorman, James (2012-06-25). "Falling in Love May Take a Lifetime of Research". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  10. ^ Rothstein, Edward (2013-11-14). "A Touch of the Toxic, for Good or Ill". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-12.
  11. ^ Blum, Deborah (2014-07-31). "A Toxic Menagerie". Well. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  12. ^ Flegenheimer, Matt (2014-08-01). "A Night of Dinosaurs and Stargazing (No Children Allowed)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  13. ^ Dean, Cornelia (2015-09-07). "The Tardigrade: Practically Invisible, Indestructible 'Water Bears'". The New York Times. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  14. ^ Ray, C. Claiborne (2017-05-22). "A Taste for Poison in Warmer Climates?". The New York Times. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  15. ^ Barron, James (2018-09-02). "It's the Biggest Oyster Found in New York in 100 Years. And It Has Stories to Tell". The New York Times. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  16. ^ Gorman, James (2019-10-28). "Meet the Bloodsuckers". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  17. ^ Jr, Ralph Gardner (2014-03-19). "At Natural History Museum, the Lowdown on Leeches". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  18. ^ "Leech Expert Mark Siddall's Tech Essentials". Wall Street Journal. 2014-09-05. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  19. ^ Hsu, Michael (2015-07-10). "Best Bets for Avoiding Mosquitoes, Bees, Ants and Leeches". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  20. ^ Yong, Ed (2016-08-22). "A Tiny Jellyfish Relative Just Shut Down Yellowstone River". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  21. ^ Palmer, Brian (2015-03-10). "We're on the Verge of the Greatest Public Health Triumph of the 21st Century". Slate Magazine. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  22. ^ Borel, Brooke (2016-02-02). "Bed bug genome shows how gnarly these creatures really are". The Verge. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  23. ^ Kolbert, Elizabeth. "Old Bugs". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2021-04-13.
  24. ^ Zimmer, Carl (February 7, 2006). "His Subject: Highly Evolved and Exquisitely Thirsty (Published 2006)" – via NYTimes.com.
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