Neocinnamomum: Difference between revisions

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''Neocinnamomum'' leaves resemble those of true cinnamon (''[[Cinnamomum]]'') in possessing strongly three-veined blades, but they are arranged alternately rather than oppositely.
''Neocinnamomum'' leaves resemble those of true cinnamon (''[[Cinnamomum]]'') in possessing strongly three-veined blades, but they are arranged alternately rather than oppositely.
The flowers are very small and bisexual.<ref name=FOC2/><ref name=Wang/><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Journal of the Arnold Arboretum|year=1939|author=Caroline K. Allen|title=Studies in ''Cinnamomum'' and ''Neocinnamomum''|volume=20|pages=44–63|url=http://archive.org/stream/cbarchive_35196_studiesincinnamomumandneocinna1939/studiesincinnamomumandneocinna1939#page/n13/mode/2up}}</ref> The inflorescences are highly condensed, with poorly defined branching, their overall shape described as "glomerules".<ref name=Wang>{{cite journal|author=Wang, Z.-h.; Li, J.; Conran, J.; Li, H.-w.|year=2010|title=Phylogeny of the Southeast Asian endemic genus ''Neocinnamomum'' H. Liu (Lauraceae)|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|volume=290|issue=1|pages=173–184|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00606-010-0359-1}}</ref> Pollination is by insects.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Susan S. Renner|year=2004|title=Variation in diversity among Laurales, Early Cretaceous to Present|journal=Biologiske Skrifter|volume=55|pages=441–458|url=http://www.umsl.edu/~renners/Laurales%20clocks2005.pdf}}</ref> The seeds are dispersed by birds, which eat the fruit which are berry-like [[drupes]].<ref name=FOC2/> The red fruits of ''N. caudatum'' are eaten by humans.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/13431/1/IJTK%2011%281%29%20166-171.pdf|title=Wild edible plants used by the ''Garo'' tribes of Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Mechalaya, India|journal=Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge}}</ref> The fruits are ellipsoid or globose (round). Some species also propagate vegetatively.<ref name=FOC2/>
The flowers are very small and bisexual.<ref name=FOC2/><ref name=Wang/><ref>{{cite journal|journal=Journal of the Arnold Arboretum|year=1939|author=Caroline K. Allen|title=Studies in ''Cinnamomum'' and ''Neocinnamomum''|volume=20|pages=44–63|url=http://archive.org/stream/cbarchive_35196_studiesincinnamomumandneocinna1939/studiesincinnamomumandneocinna1939#page/n13/mode/2up}}</ref> The inflorescences are highly condensed, with poorly defined branching, their overall shape described as "glomerules".<ref name=Wang>{{cite journal|author=Wang, Z.-h.; Li, J.; Conran, J.; Li, H.-w.|year=2010|title=Phylogeny of the Southeast Asian endemic genus ''Neocinnamomum'' H. Liu (Lauraceae)|journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution|volume=290|issue=1|pages=173–184|doi=10.1007/s00606-010-0359-1}}</ref> Pollination is by insects.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Susan S. Renner|year=2004|title=Variation in diversity among Laurales, Early Cretaceous to Present|journal=Biologiske Skrifter|volume=55|pages=441–458|url=http://www.umsl.edu/~renners/Laurales%20clocks2005.pdf}}</ref> The seeds are dispersed by birds, which eat the fruit which are berry-like [[drupes]].<ref name=FOC2/> The red fruits of ''N. caudatum'' are eaten by humans.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/13431/1/IJTK%2011%281%29%20166-171.pdf|title=Wild edible plants used by the ''Garo'' tribes of Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Mechalaya, India|journal=Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge}}</ref> The fruits are ellipsoid or globose (round). Some species also propagate vegetatively.<ref name=FOC2/>


''Neocinnamomum mekongense'' is a species that grows in the mountains north of [[Dali, Yunnan|Dali]], China. It is popular with butterflies, which possibly are attracted by secretions from extrafloral nectaries.<ref>[http://zipcodezoo.com/Key/Plantae/Neocinnamomum_Genus.asp Zipcode Zoo]</ref>
''Neocinnamomum mekongense'' is a species that grows in the mountains north of [[Dali, Yunnan|Dali]], China. It is popular with butterflies, which possibly are attracted by secretions from extrafloral nectaries.<ref>[http://zipcodezoo.com/Key/Plantae/Neocinnamomum_Genus.asp Zipcode Zoo]</ref>

Revision as of 07:57, 17 January 2014

Neocinnamomum
Neocinnamomum delavayi
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Magnoliids
Order:
Laurales
Family:
Lauraceae
Genus:
Neocinnamomum

Species

See text

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Neocinnamomum.

Neocinnamomum (新樟属, xin zhang shu) is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Lauraceae. They are evergreen shrubs or small trees, indigenous to Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia (Sumatra), Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam. [1][2]

Neocinnamomum require a warm and wet climate with no extremes of heat and cold. They occupy mid to high elevations and montane laurel forests.[3]

Neocinnamomum leaves resemble those of true cinnamon (Cinnamomum) in possessing strongly three-veined blades, but they are arranged alternately rather than oppositely. The flowers are very small and bisexual.[2][4][5] The inflorescences are highly condensed, with poorly defined branching, their overall shape described as "glomerules".[4] Pollination is by insects.[6] The seeds are dispersed by birds, which eat the fruit which are berry-like drupes.[2] The red fruits of N. caudatum are eaten by humans.[7] The fruits are ellipsoid or globose (round). Some species also propagate vegetatively.[2]

Neocinnamomum mekongense is a species that grows in the mountains north of Dali, China. It is popular with butterflies, which possibly are attracted by secretions from extrafloral nectaries.[8]

It has been suggested that fossil flowers from the late Cretaceous of North America known as Neusenia tetrasporangi are a close match to Neocinnamomum,[9] and phylogenetic analysis from living plants might also indicate that Neocinnamomum is one of the earliest surviving lineages of the Lauraceae.[9]

Species.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b Flora of China online database
  2. ^ a b c d Flora of China Neocinnamomum treatment (pdf)
  3. ^ Newsletter of the Mildred E. Mathias Botanical Garden
  4. ^ a b Wang, Z.-h.; Li, J.; Conran, J.; Li, H.-w. (2010). "Phylogeny of the Southeast Asian endemic genus Neocinnamomum H. Liu (Lauraceae)". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 290 (1): 173–184. doi:10.1007/s00606-010-0359-1.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ Caroline K. Allen (1939). "Studies in Cinnamomum and Neocinnamomum". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. 20: 44–63.
  6. ^ Susan S. Renner (2004). "Variation in diversity among Laurales, Early Cretaceous to Present" (PDF). Biologiske Skrifter. 55: 441–458.
  7. ^ "Wild edible plants used by the Garo tribes of Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, Mechalaya, India" (PDF). Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge.
  8. ^ Zipcode Zoo
  9. ^ a b Andre S. Chanderbali, Henk van der Werff and Susanne S. Renner (2001). "Phylogeny and Historical Biogeography of Lauraceae: Evidence from the Chloroplast and Nuclear Genomes" (PDF). Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 88 (1): 104–134.
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