Nicolasa Quintremán
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Nicolasa Quintremán Calpán (December 4, 1939 - December 24, 2013) was a Chilean Pehuenche activist from the community of Ralco Lepoy in the commune of Alto Biobío. Together with her older sister Berta, she was known nationally and internationally for her fierce opposition to the construction of Endesa's Ralco Hydroelectric Plant.[1][2][3][4] As part of the organization Mapu Domuche Newén (Mapuche language) (Women with the strength of the land) her actions marked the beginning of social struggles in the face of the environmental and social impact that large initiatives of this type can generate in the country.[5]
Biography[edit]
Nicolasa Quintremán Calpán was born in Alto Biobío, Chile, December 4, 1939. She belonged to the Pehuenche community of Ralco Lepoy,[6] where she was one of the architects of several demonstrations in Santiago and Concepción against the power plant, and participated in several international forums where she explained the implications of the project for the Pehuenche of Alto Biobío, such as the one organized at the Human Rights Commission of the European Parliament.[7] In addition, she filed a lawsuit against the company and the National Environmental Commission.[8]
On December 24, 2013, Quintremán's body was found floating in the murky waters of the artificial reservoir of the Ralco dam, the same one for which she achieved public notoriety by tenaciously opposing its construction. Although the Forensic Medical Service stated that Quintremán died from drowning as a result of an accidental fall, for many, the accident thesis left room for doubt.[9]
Awards and honours[edit]
In 2000, along with her sister, Quintremán received the Petra Kelly Prize in Germany:—[10][11]
"in honor of their non-violent resistance, courage and commitment to these two women who were emblematic of the struggle against mega dams".
References[edit]
- ^ ""Nicolasa Quintreman". Visión Nacional". El Mercurio, ed. (in Spanish). 15 September 1999. Archived from the original on 2019-01-21. Retrieved 31 January 2023 – via web.archive.org.
- ^ Muñoz, Paula (4 January 2014). "La herencia de Nicolasa Quintremán". Reportajes la tercera edicion impresa (in Spanish). p. 14. Archived from the original on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 31 January 2023 – via web.archive.org.
- ^ Barreno, Jorge (26 December 2013). "Hallan muerta a la líder indígena chilena Nicolasa Quintremán". ELMUNDO (in Spanish). Retrieved 31 January 2023.
- ^ En Vega, María Eliana; Sutherland, Juan Pablo; Jiles, Pamela; Valenzuela, María Elena; Délano, Manuel (eds.). Sexo y derechos: las nuevas batallas por la igualdad (in Spanish). Lom Ediciones. p. 62. ISBN 9789562826358. OCLC 1026000678.
- ^ Valencia, Roberto (24 December 2013). "Nicolasa Quintremán: el símbolo de la lucha contra Endesa". Diario La Nación (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2016-12-31. Retrieved 31 January 2023 – via web.archive.org.
- ^ Panfichi, Aldo; Tussie, Diana (2002). Sociedad civil, esfera pública y democratización en América Latina: Andes y Cono Sur (in Spanish). Universidad Católica del Perú. p. 655. ISBN 978-968-16-6762-7. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
- ^ La Razón, ed. (25 December 2013). «Hallan muerta a la líder indígena Nicolasa Quintreman». Internacional.
- ^ Nesti, Lorenzo (2002). "The Mapuche-Pehuenche and the Ralco Dam on the Biobio. River: The Challenge of Protecting Indigenous Land Rights". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights (9): 1-40.
- ^ "Nicolasa Quintreman: el profundo legado de la luchadora ñaña pehuenche". El Desconcierto - Prensa digital libre (in Spanish). 26 December 2013. Retrieved 31 January 2023.
- ^ "En Alemania premian a las hermanas Quintremán". Emol.com (in Spanish). Santiago. 1 December 2000. Retrieved 31 January 2023 – via El Mercurio.
- ^ "Pesar por la muerte de la dirigente indígena Nicolasa Quintreman". Democracia - Heinrich Böll Foundation. 2 February 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-02-02. Retrieved 31 January 2023 – via web.archive.org.