Pentazonia: Difference between revisions

Pentazonia
	Glomeris marginata, female
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Subphylum:	Myriapoda
Class:	Diplopoda
Subclass:	Chilognatha
Infraclass:	Pentazonia; Brandt, 1833
Superorders
	Limacomorpha; Oniscomorpha;
Synonyms
	Opisthandria Verhoeff, 1894

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Pentazonia is a taxonomic infraclass of millipedes containing the pill-millipedes (Oniscomorpha) which can roll into a ball and the order Glomeridesmida which cannot. Defining traits (apomorphies) include divided sternites, a labrum with single median tooth, and an enlarged pygidium on the hind-most body segment.^[1] Pentazonia is in the dominant millipede subclass Chilognatha which have a calcified exoskeleton and modified sperm-transferring legs in males. In contrast to the Helminthomorpha – the other Chilognathan infraclass, the sperm-transferring legs are located on posterior body segments and known as telopods. Pentazonians are relatively short-bodied, with between 13 and 21 body segments.^[2] The Pentazonia contains one extinct order, Amynilyspedida, often referred to the Oniscomorpha.^[3]

References

^ "Putative apomorphies of millipede clades" (PDF). Milli-PEET: Millipede Systematics. The Field Museum, Chicago, IL. 26 September 2006. Retrieved 5 December 2013.
^ Enghoff, Henrik (1990). "The Ground Plan of Chilognathan Millipedes (External Morphology)". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Myriapodology. Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill. pp. 1–22. ISBN 9789004089723.
^ Hannibal, Joseph T; Feldmann, Rodney M. (1981). "Systematics and Functional Morphology of Oniscomorph Millipedes (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) from the Carboniferous of North America". Journal of Paleontology. 55 (4): 730–746.

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[PutativeApomorphies-1] "Putative apomorphies of millipede clades" (PDF). Milli-PEET: Millipede Systematics. The Field Museum, Chicago, IL. 26 September 2006. Retrieved 5 December 2013.

[Enghoff1990-2] Enghoff, Henrik (1990). "The Ground Plan of Chilognathan Millipedes (External Morphology)". In Minelli, Alessandro (ed.). Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Myriapodology. Leiden, the Netherlands: E.J. Brill. pp. 1–22. ISBN 9789004089723.

[HannibalFeldman1981-3] Hannibal, Joseph T; Feldmann, Rodney M. (1981). "Systematics and Functional Morphology of Oniscomorph Millipedes (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) from the Carboniferous of North America". Journal of Paleontology. 55 (4): 730–746.

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@@ Line 10: / Line 10: @@
 | infraclassis = '''Pentazonia'''
 | infraclassis_authority = [[Johann Friedrich von Brandt|Brandt]], 1833
-|subdivision_ranks = Superorders
+|subdivision_ranks = [[Order (biology)|Superorders]]
 |subdivision =
 *[[Limacomorpha]]
 *[[Oniscomorpha]]
+|synonyms=Opisthandria <small>Verhoeff, 1894</small>
-}}{{Portal|Arthropods}}
+}}
+{{Portal|Arthropods}}
-'''Pentazonia''' is an infraclass of [[millipede]]s containing the [[pill-millipede]]s (Oniscomorpha) which can roll into a ball and the order [[Glomeridesmida]] which cannot. Defining traits ([[apomorphies]]) include divided [[sternites]], a [[Labrum (arthropod mouthpart)|labrum]] with single median tooth, and an enlarged [[pygidium]] on the hind-most body segment.<ref name=PutativeApomorphies>{{cite web|title=Putative apomorphies of millipede clades|url=http://fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/millipede_apomorphies.pdf|work=Milli-PEET: Millipede Systematics|publisher=The Field Museum, Chicago, IL|accessdate=5 December 2013|date=26 September 2006}}</ref> Pentazonia is in the dominant millipede subclass [[Chilognatha]] which have a calcified exoskeleton and modified sperm-transferring legs in males. In contrast to the [[Helminthomorpha]] – the other Chilognathan infraclass, the sperm-transferring legs are located on posterior body segments and known as ''telopods''. Pentazonians are relatively short-bodied, with between 13 and 21 body segments.<ref name=Enghoff1990>{{cite book|last=Enghoff|first=Henrik|title=Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Myriapodology|year=1990|publisher=E.J. Brill|location=Leiden, the Netherlands|isbn=9789004089723|pages=1–22|url=http://books.google.com/?id=BJzFnCunVxsC&pg=PA1&dq=Pentazonia#v=onepage&q&f=false|editor=Minelli, Alessandro|chapter=The Ground Plan of Chilognathan Millipedes (External Morphology)}}</ref> The Pentazonia contains one extinct order, [[Amynilyspedida]], often referred to the Oniscomorpha.<ref name=HannibalFeldman1981>{{cite journal|last1=Hannibal|first1=Joseph T|last2=Feldmann|first2=Rodney M.|title=Systematics and Functional Morphology of Oniscomorph Millipedes (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) from the Carboniferous of North America|year=1981|journal=Journal of Paleontology|volume=55|issue=4|pages=730–746}}</ref>
+'''Pentazonia''' is a taxonomic infraclass of [[millipede]]s containing the [[pill-millipede]]s (Oniscomorpha) which can roll into a ball and the order [[Glomeridesmida]] which cannot. Defining traits ([[apomorphies]]) include divided [[sternites]], a [[Labrum (arthropod mouthpart)|labrum]] with single median tooth, and an enlarged [[pygidium]] on the hind-most body segment.<ref name=PutativeApomorphies>{{cite web|title=Putative apomorphies of millipede clades|url=http://fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/millipede_apomorphies.pdf|work=Milli-PEET: Millipede Systematics|publisher=The Field Museum, Chicago, IL|accessdate=5 December 2013|date=26 September 2006}}</ref> Pentazonia is in the dominant millipede subclass [[Chilognatha]] which have a calcified exoskeleton and modified sperm-transferring legs in males. In contrast to the [[Helminthomorpha]] – the other Chilognathan infraclass, the sperm-transferring legs are located on posterior body segments and known as ''telopods''. Pentazonians are relatively short-bodied, with between 13 and 21 body segments.<ref name=Enghoff1990>{{cite book|last=Enghoff|first=Henrik|title=Proceedings of the 7th International Congress of Myriapodology|year=1990|publisher=E.J. Brill|location=Leiden, the Netherlands|isbn=9789004089723|pages=1–22|url=http://books.google.com/?id=BJzFnCunVxsC&pg=PA1&dq=Pentazonia#v=onepage&q&f=false|editor=Minelli, Alessandro|chapter=The Ground Plan of Chilognathan Millipedes (External Morphology)}}</ref> The Pentazonia contains one extinct order, [[Amynilyspedida]], often referred to the Oniscomorpha.<ref name=HannibalFeldman1981>{{cite journal|last1=Hannibal|first1=Joseph T|last2=Feldmann|first2=Rodney M.|title=Systematics and Functional Morphology of Oniscomorph Millipedes (Arthropoda: Diplopoda) from the Carboniferous of North America|year=1981|journal=Journal of Paleontology|volume=55|issue=4|pages=730–746}}</ref>
 ==References==