Rapp Road Community Historic District

Rapp Road Community Historic District
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
U.S. Historic district
Location	Albany, NY
Area	14 acres (5.7 ha)
Built	1930
Architectural style	Bungalow/Craftsman
NRHP reference No.	02001620
Added to NRHP	December 27, 2002

The Rapp Road Community Historic District is located in the Pine Bush area of Albany, New York. It is a 14-acre (5.7 ha) residential neighborhood. In 2002 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

It was established in the 1920s by an African American minister who had moved north from Mississippi, originally to Albany's South End. He was followed by other members of his congregation. Neither he nor they liked urban life much, and eventually he bought the land along Rapp Road where they all moved.

Half of the original purchase was taken by the state for road projects in the 1970s. The remaining half, today's historic district, has many of the original buildings. Most of the original families' descendants still live there. It is a rare intact example of a chain migration community from the Great Migration."

Geography

Rapp Road is located in the long, narrow western protrusion of Albany known as the Pine Bush. The portion of the street on which the district is located lies between Pine Lane and the South Frontage Road of Washington Avenue Extension. It is just north of the boundary between the city and the town of Guilderland.

To the southeast is Crossgates Mall. Wooded lands on the east and west serve as a buffer between it and the mall and various other commercial and office developments in those directions. It is further isolated from any other residential neighborhoods by Interstates 87 and 90, both part of the New York State Thruway, to the north and east. The land is generally level.

The district is formed by the 27 lots that remain of the two original purchases that created the neighborhood, on both sides of the road. There are 21 buildings on those lots, all but two of which are contributing properties. One property has two stone piers marking its driveway, both of which are considered contributing objects. The buildings are all wood frame residences, a mix of cottages and shotgun houses.

History

The Reverend Louis W. Parson and his wife migrated to Albany from Shubuta, Mississippi in 1927. He founded the First Church of God in Christ in Albany. In four trips to Mississippi, Parson encouraged friends and family to move to Albany and join the church. Many friends and family did, during the 1930s and 1940s. Some were sharecroppers who owed money to their landlords. Eventually the majority of Shubuta moved to Albany, part of the 400,000 African Americans who left the South during what has been called the Great Migration around World War I seeking better opportunities.

Despite pressure from the city government to not bring in anymore unemployed people due to the Depression, Parson continued doing so throughout the 1930s. But many of the migrants did not like life in the South End. There were bars, brothels and gambling houses in the neighborhood, affronts to their religious values that they did not want their children to be near. Many had also come from rural areas, and found city life hard to adjust to. Some went back to Mississippi.

Parson found two 14-acre (5.7 ha) parcels of undeveloped land in the Pine Bush for the community to move to between 1930 and 1933. They saved money and built, by themselves, houses similar to those they had lived in in Mississippi. After the purchases were fully closed in 1942, two years after Parson's death, families began building their own houses with help from friends and family over the next decades. Many began growing crops and raising animals on the land, becoming . During the World War II years, especially, building materials were hard to obtain, and thus one family found they could complete a small shotgun house but not the larger house that they had started.

At its peak, 23 families lived on Rapp Road. The neighborhood remained intact until 1971, when the state planned the Washington Avenue Extension to better connect the city and its growing western suburbs. This required eminent domain proceedings against the northern parcel. Most of the homeowners moved away. One who lived at what is today the middle of the extension chose instead to have her house moved, and today it is at the north end of the street, 8 Rapp Road, 300 feet (90 m) south of its original location.

The community has remained intact despite the large-scale development of the surrounding area. Descendants of the original homeowners have returned to raise their families. Every year the community holds a "family reunion", and every other year holds an additional celebration in Shubuta for those relatives who still live there. As of 2008, 15 of the original 23 families remain. In 2002 the community was designated by the state of New York as a "New York State Historic District" and in 2003 a National Historic District; and in 2006 the state Department of Education chartered the Rapp Road Historical Association.

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Albany, New York

External links

• Rapp Road Community History Project at the New York State Museum