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In 1974, Freitas earned a bachelor's degree in both [[physics]] and [[psychology]] from [[Harvey Mudd College]], and in 1978, he received a [[Juris Doctor]] (J.D.) degree from [[Santa Clara University School of Law]]. He has written more than 150 technical papers, book chapters, and popular articles on scientific, engineering, and legal topics.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Templeton|first=Graham|title='Xenology' by Robert Freitas: the Backstory|url=https://www.inverse.com/article/30886-robert-freitas-alien-life-xenology-book-qa|work=Inverse|date=May 10, 2017|access-date=2020-08-27|language=en}}</ref>
In 1974, Freitas earned a bachelor's degree in both [[physics]] and [[psychology]] from [[Harvey Mudd College]], and in 1978, he received a [[Juris Doctor]] (J.D.) degree from [[Santa Clara University School of Law]]. He has written more than 150 technical papers, book chapters, and popular articles on scientific, engineering, and legal topics.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Templeton|first=Graham|title='Xenology' by Robert Freitas: the Backstory|url=https://www.inverse.com/article/30886-robert-freitas-alien-life-xenology-book-qa|work=Inverse|date=May 10, 2017|access-date=2020-08-27|language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Advanced Automation for Space Missions - Cover.png|thumb|Figure 5.29.— Proposed demonstration of simple robot self-replication in "Advanced Automation for Space Missions"]]
In 1980, Freitas and William Gilbreath were participants in a NASA study regarding "Advanced Automation for Space Missions", and they presented the feasibility of self-replicating machines in space, using advanced artificial intelligence and automation technologies.<ref name="Freitas Gilbreath 2013">{{cite web | last=Freitas | first=R. A., Jr. | last2=Gilbreath | first2=W. P. | title=Advanced Automation for Space Missions | website=NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) | date=4 September 2013 | url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19830007077 | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=IJCAI'81: Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2 |url=https://dl.acm.org/doi/proceedings/10.5555/1623264 |website=Association of Computing Machinery |access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref>


Freitas began writing his ''Nanomedicine'' book series in 1994.<ref name="Peterson 2000">{{cite web | last=Peterson | first=Chris | title=Foresight Update 38 Page 2 | website=foresight.org | date=31 January 2000 | url=https://foresight.org/Updates/Update38/Update38.2.html#Interview | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510073428/https://foresight.org/Updates/Update38/Update38.2.html#Interview | archive-date=10 May 2021 | url-status=dead | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> Volume I, published in October 1999 by [[Landes Bioscience]] while Freitas was a Research Fellow at the Institute for Molecular Manufacturing. Volume IIA was published in October 2003 by Landes Bioscience.<ref name="IMM">{{cite web | title=Robert A. Freitas Jr, Senior Research Fellow | website=Institute for Molecular Manufacturing | date=22 September 2007 | url=http://www.imm.org/about/freitas/ | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref>
Freitas began writing his ''Nanomedicine'' book series in 1994.<ref name="Peterson 2000">{{cite web | last=Peterson | first=Chris | title=Foresight Update 38 Page 2 | website=foresight.org | date=31 January 2000 | url=https://foresight.org/Updates/Update38/Update38.2.html#Interview | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210510073428/https://foresight.org/Updates/Update38/Update38.2.html#Interview | archive-date=10 May 2021 | url-status=dead | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref> Volume I, published in October 1999 by [[Landes Bioscience]] while Freitas was a Research Fellow at the Institute for Molecular Manufacturing. Volume IIA was published in October 2003 by Landes Bioscience.<ref name="IMM">{{cite web | title=Robert A. Freitas Jr, Senior Research Fellow | website=Institute for Molecular Manufacturing | date=22 September 2007 | url=http://www.imm.org/about/freitas/ | access-date=11 May 2023}}</ref>

Revision as of 14:22, 11 May 2023

Robert A. Freitas Jr. (born 1952) is an American nanotechnologist.

Early life

Freitas was born in Camden, Maine. His father worked in agriculture and his mother was a homemaker. Freitas married Nancy, his childhood sweetheart in 1974.[1]

Career

Freitas interests include nanorobotics[2], how nanotechnology can extend the life of humans,[3] self-replicating machines,[4] and Cryonics.[1]

In 1974, Freitas earned a bachelor's degree in both physics and psychology from Harvey Mudd College, and in 1978, he received a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree from Santa Clara University School of Law. He has written more than 150 technical papers, book chapters, and popular articles on scientific, engineering, and legal topics.[5]

Figure 5.29.— Proposed demonstration of simple robot self-replication in "Advanced Automation for Space Missions"

In 1980, Freitas and William Gilbreath were participants in a NASA study regarding "Advanced Automation for Space Missions", and they presented the feasibility of self-replicating machines in space, using advanced artificial intelligence and automation technologies.[6][7]

Freitas began writing his Nanomedicine book series in 1994.[8] Volume I, published in October 1999 by Landes Bioscience while Freitas was a Research Fellow at the Institute for Molecular Manufacturing. Volume IIA was published in October 2003 by Landes Bioscience.[9]

In 2004, Freitas and Ralph Merkle coauthored and published Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines, a comprehensive survey of the field of physical and hypothetical self-replicating machines.[10]

In 2009, Freitas was awarded the Feynman Prize[11] in theoretical nanotechnology. Afterwards, he was granted the first patent for a Mechanosynthesis tool, which is (theoretically) to be used in molecular engineering.[12][13]

Bibliography

  • Robert A. Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, Volume I: Basic Capabilities (Landes Bioscience, 1999) ISBN 1-57059-645-X
  • Robert A. Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine, Vol. IIA: Biocompatibility (Landes Bioscience, 2003) ISBN 1-57059-700-6
  • Robert A. Freitas Jr., Ralph C. Merkle, Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines (Landes Bioscience, 2004) ISBN 1-57059-690-5
  • Robert A. Freitas Jr., Nanomedicine: Biocompatibility (S Karger Pub, 2004) ISBN 3-8055-7722-2
  • Robert A. Freitas Jr., Cryostasis Revival: The Recovery of Cryonics Patients through Nanomedicine (Alcor Life Extension Foundation, 2022) ISBN 978-0996815352

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Wolf, Aschwin de (21 June 2022). "Alcor Member Profile: Robert A. Freitas Jr". Alcor - Life Extension Foundation - Cryonics. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  2. ^ "Lifeboat Foundation Interview: Robert A. Freitas Jr". Lifeboat Foundation. 4 April 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  3. ^ Boeing, Niels (20 April 2006). ""Die Medizin wird digital"". MIT Technology Review (in German). Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  4. ^ "Interview with Robert Freitas". Nanotech.biz. 18 February 2006. Archived from the original on 13 December 2006. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  5. ^ Templeton, Graham (May 10, 2017). "'Xenology' by Robert Freitas: the Backstory". Inverse. Retrieved 2020-08-27.
  6. ^ Freitas, R. A., Jr.; Gilbreath, W. P. (4 September 2013). "Advanced Automation for Space Missions". NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS). Retrieved 11 May 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ "IJCAI'81: Proceedings of the 7th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2". Association of Computing Machinery. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  8. ^ Peterson, Chris (31 January 2000). "Foresight Update 38 Page 2". foresight.org. Archived from the original on 10 May 2021. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  9. ^ "Robert A. Freitas Jr, Senior Research Fellow". Institute for Molecular Manufacturing. 22 September 2007. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  10. ^ "Book review of Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines by Robert A. Freitas, Jr. and Ralph C. Merkle. Artificial Life Journal. 2006 Winter;12(1):187-188". Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  11. ^ "Socio/intellectual patterns in nanoscale research: Feynman Nanotechnology Prize laureates, 1993-2007. Social Science Information 2010;49:615-638". Retrieved 2017-06-18.
  12. ^ "Freitas awarded first mechanosynthesis patent". Foresight Institute. 12 April 2010. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  13. ^ Andrew, Alex M. (2000). "NANOMEDICINE, VOLUME 1: BASIC CAPABILITIES, by Robert A. Freitas Jr., Landes Bioscience, Austin, Texas, 1999, xxi + 509 pp., ISBN 1-57059-645-X Index". Robotica. 18 (6). Cambridge University Press (CUP): 687–689. doi:10.1017/s0263574700212824. ISSN 0263-5747.

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