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[[Image:PHS 003.jpg|thumb|right|300 px|The Skolfield-Whittier House]]The '''Skolfield-Whittier House''' is a Victorian museum of the Pejepscot Historical Society, located in [[Brunswick, Maine]]. It is often referred to as a "time capsule" because it has been virtually untouched since the Victorian era.
{{Otheruses}}


==The Skolfields==
[[Image:Bowlerbowling.JPG|thumb|250px|A ten-pin bowler releases the ball.]]
The Skolfield-Whittier House is one half of an [[Italianate architecture|Italiante-style]] [[Duplex (building)|duplex]] built between 1858 and 1862 for the sons of wealthy shipbuilder '''Master George Skolfield''' (1780-1866). '''Captain Alfred Skolfield''' (1815-1895) owned the side that is now known as the Skolfield-Whitter House, splitting the construction cost of $15,751.96 with his brother '''Captain Samuel Skolfield''' (1826-1916), who owned and lived in the other side of the building (now used as the Pejepscot Historical Society headquarters).<ref>''Skolfield-Whittier House 2008 Tour Manual'', page 6. Pejepscot Historical Society, 2008.</ref>
''' Bowling''' is a [[sport]] in which players attempt to score points by rolling a [[bowling ball]] along a flat surface either into objects called [[Bowling pin|pins]] or to get close to a target ball. There are many forms of bowling, with the earliest dating back to [[ancient Egypt]]<ref>http://ububu.com/Bowling.html</ref>, while other instances where bowling was first seen can be traced to ancient [[Finland]] and [[Yemen]]{{Fact|date=September 2008}}, and much later in 300 A.D. in [[Germany]].{{Fact|date=April 2008}} Bowling is also a great recreational sport. Most high schools have teams and the bowling is very competitive. There are also many leagues that you can join.


In 1862 Alfred, his wife '''Martha Harward''' (1836-1904), and their young daughter '''Eugenie''' (1860-1951) moved into their new home. The family furnished the home with expensive furniture from [[Portland, Maine|Portland's]] Walter Corey Company, choosing a [[Rococo|Rococo Revival]] style (much of this furniture remains in the home today). Several of the rooms also feature [[Marble|marble]] fireplaces with [[Encaustic tile|encaustic tile]] and stylish [[Curtain|curtains]]. At this time the home was most likely lit by [[Gas lighting|gaslight]]. In 1864 Martha gave birth to a second daughter, '''Augusta Marie''' (1864-1902).<ref> Hinkley, Marilyn J. ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, 1857-1925'', page 23-29. Thesis, Cooperstown Graduate Program, 1983.</ref>
== Indoor variations ==
[[Image:Bowling, 1917.jpg|left|thumb|250px|A man engaged in indoor bowling in the United States in 1917.]]
Included in the indoor category:
*[[Ten-pin bowling]]: In the United States, tenpins is the best known form of bowling, which in both [[amateur]] and [[professional]] versions, is also played around the world, making it one of the largest participation activities. The balls have two or more drilled holes in which to insert fingers for gripping the ball.
*[[Candlepin bowling]]: Played in eastern Canada and in [[New England]], a variation of ten-pin bowling, with "double-ended" pins that are the tallest in any bowling sport.
*[[Duckpin bowling]]: Commonly found in the mid-Atlantic and southern New England states and eastern [[Canada]], is another variation of ten-pin bowling involving small, squat pins, sometimes with rubber at their widest points (rubber band duckpin bowling). The official small pin is about 9 3/8 inches (24 cm) high and 4 1/8 inches (10 cm) in diameter at its widest part. It weighs no more than 1 pound 8½ ounces (700g). The standard duckpin ball has no finger holes. The maximum diameter is 5 inches (13 cm). For duckpins and candlepins, the maximum weight of the ball is 4 pounds 12 oz (1.7 kg).
*[[Five-pin bowling]]: Played in [[Canada]].
*[[Skittles (sport)|Nine-pin skittles]]: Played in Europe.
*Bumper bowling: Ten-pin bowling played with the addition of barriers to the channels, making "gutter balls" nearly impossible, popular with children's parties.
*Power Wheelchair Bowling: Recent advances have made it possible for people who are severely disabled to bowl alongside able bodied players through use of a ramp that attaches to the wheelchair. This sport is approved by the United States Bowling Congress.


===Move to England===
In 1867, for reasons that are not entirely clear, Alfred moved his family to [[Liverpool]], [[England]]. It may be that political tensions developing during the [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction era]] were the motivation for the move, as the Skolfields were staunch [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] living in a region that was primarily [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]. After relocating to England, they did not sell their Brunswick home, choosing instead to rent it out to several different people during their absence. In 1868 Professor J.B. Sewall moved into the home, followed by Stephen O. Purington (1880-1882) and finally Dr. Mitchell (1883-1885), who in 1885 purchased the house next door and become the Skolfield's neighbor.<ref> Hinkley. ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 33-40.</ref>


===Return to Brunswick and Renovation of Home===
==Outdoor variations==
In 1885, after living abroad for 18 years, the Skolfields returned to their home and almost immediately began renovations. The [[Plumbing|plumbing]] was updated and the former [[Carriage house|carriage house]] renovated and attached to the rest of the building. The new space served to house the relocated [[Kitchen|kitchen]], informal [[Dining room|dining room]], and [[Laundry room|laundry room]]. The former kitchen was converted and expanded to become a formal dining room, and the old dining room was renovated into a [[Drawing room|drawing room]].<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 48.</ref>
[[Image:BerriganBowls.jpg|200px|right|thumb|A bowls tournament in [[Berrigan, New South Wales]], [[Australia]].]]
The second category of bowling is usually played outdoors on a lawn. At outdoor bowling, the players throw a ball, which is sometimes eccentrically weighted, in an attempt to put it closest to a designated point or slot in the bowling arena.


The influence of English style upon the Skolfields is apparent in the renovations made to the house a this time. The family purchased many new decorations for the home in England, including [[Carpet|carpets]], a [[Piano|piano]], a [[Thomas Chippendale|Chippendale]] wall bracket and several paintings by J.B. Smith, Spinks, Enser and Woolett. The Skolfields also updated their furniture by purchasing many pieces in the popular [[Eastlake Movement|Eastlake]] style. English influence led the Skolfields to separate the [[Bathtub|bathtub]] and [[Toilet|toilet]] added to the former carriage house into two separate rooms. In 1891 the home was wired for [[Electricity|electricty]] and circa 1894-1895 the home was connected to the new town [[Sanitary sewer|sewer lines]].<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 48-61.</ref>
Included in the outdoor category:
* [[Bowls|Lawn bowls]]
* [[Bocce]]
* [[Pétanque]]
* [[Irish road bowling]]


==References==
==The Whittiers==
[[Image:Drawing room.gif|thumb|right|Drawing Room]]
{{reflist}}
Alfred Skolfield died on June 1, 1895, but a new patriarch in the home would soon take his place. On June 24, Eugenie married '''Frank Whittier''' (1861-1924) in the drawing room, the most formal room of the house. Frank, a [[Bowdoin College]] graduate from [[Farmington (town), Maine|Farmington, Maine]], received his [[Doctor of Medicine|medical degree]] in 1889 and was appointed professor of [[Pathology]] and [[Microbiology|Bactierology]] at the Maine Medical School (a now-defunct school of Bowdoin College) in 1891.<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 62-66.</ref> During his career, Frank also took on responsibilities as the first [[Coroner|medical examiner]] for [[Cumberland County, Maine|Cumberland County]], Brunswick [[Milk|milk]] inspector, and chairman of the Maine Medical Association's committee on [[Sexually transmitted disease|venereal diseases]]. He appears to have been the first to use a [[Serology|serology]] test (to distinguish human blood from that of other animals) in a [[Court|court of law]], as well as the first to develop a test for [[Ballistic fingerprinting|ballistic fingerprinting]].<ref>Dorman, Daniel M. ''A Matter of Life and Death; CSI Brunswick: The Forensic Work of Dr. Frank Whittier'', page 10-18. Pejepscot Historical Society, 2008.</ref>


Frank and Eugenie made few changes to the home. Frank added a [[Longcase clock|grandfather clock]] (believed to have been a Whittier family heirloom) to the [[Entrance Hall|entrance hall]], and circa 1910-1912 the couple moved their [[Bedroom|master bedroom]] to the former carriage house. The former master bedroom was converted into the current [[Library|library]].<ref>''Skolfield Whittier House 2008 Tour Manual'', page 7 & 21.</ref> By 1913 a telephone had been installed in the home.<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 113.</ref>
==See also==
*[[Pin setter]]
*[[Skittles (sport)|Skittles]] &mdash; the sport from which "alley" based Bowling originated
*[[Skee ball]] &mdash; a game that plays similar to bowling
*[[Pin shooting]] &mdash; a pistol shooting
*[http://es.wikipedia.org/bolo_palma Bolo Palma] &mdash; spanish mode


Eugenie and Frank had three daughters: '''Isabel''' (1896-1976), '''Alice''' (1898-1994) and '''Charlotte''' (1903-1912).<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 157.</ref> Charlotte died at the age of 9 after accidently catching fire in the family kitchen.<ref>''Skolfield Whittier House 2008 Tour Manual'', page 14.</ref> Isabel and Alice both attended [[Bryn Mawr College]], graduating in 1920 and 1921, respectively. Isabel became a teacher at [[Brooklyn College]], where she taught for more than 30 years, and was a close friend of [[Margaret Chase Smith]] (there are many pictures of Smith scattered about the home). Meanwhile, Alice followed in her father's footsteps, setting up a practice in Portland to become Maine's first female [[Pediatrics|pediatrician]].<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, 1857-1925'', page 116-117.</ref>
== Bowling's competitions ==
* [[Asian Games]]
* [[Panamerican Games]]
* [[South East Asian Games]]
* [[Olympic Games]]


After Frank's death in 1924, Eugenie took up a life of travel, and she and her daughters usually only spent summers at their Brunswick home. In 1982 Alice, the last living member of the family, donated the entire home and its contents to the Pejepscot Historical Society.<ref> Hinkley, ''The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants'', page 116-120.</ref> The museum is open for guided tours during the summer season.
{{Bowling}}
{{Team Sport}}


==See Also==
[[Category:Sports]]
Reynolds, Erminie S. & Kenneth R. Martin. ''A Singleness of Purpose: The Skolfields and Their Ships''. Bath, Maine: Maine Maritime Museum, 1987.
[[Category:Bowling|*]]
[[Category:Leisure activities]]
[[Category:Sports rules and regulations]]


==Notes==
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<small><references/></small>
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==External Links==
[[bg:Боулинг]]
* [http://community.curtislibrary.com/pejepscot/skhse.htm Official site]
[[ca:Bitlles]]
* [http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=4ccd15eeeaa026da22543c556acb4894 Google Map & Image of the Skolfield-Whittier House]
[[cs:Bowling]]

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[[Category:Houses in Maine]]
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[[Category:Cumberland County, Maine]]
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[[Category:Museums in Maine]]
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[[Category:Historic house museums in Maine]]
[[es:Bolo americano]]
[[Category:Historic house museums]]
[[fr:Bowling]]
[[Category:Victorian architecture]]
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[[Category:1860s architecture]]
[[hr:Kuglanje]]
[[Category:1862 architecture]]
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[[ky:Боулинг]]
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[[nl:Bowlen]]
[[ja:ボウリング]]
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Revision as of 16:47, 11 October 2008

The Skolfield-Whittier House

The Skolfield-Whittier House is a Victorian museum of the Pejepscot Historical Society, located in Brunswick, Maine. It is often referred to as a "time capsule" because it has been virtually untouched since the Victorian era.

The Skolfields

The Skolfield-Whittier House is one half of an Italiante-style duplex built between 1858 and 1862 for the sons of wealthy shipbuilder Master George Skolfield (1780-1866). Captain Alfred Skolfield (1815-1895) owned the side that is now known as the Skolfield-Whitter House, splitting the construction cost of $15,751.96 with his brother Captain Samuel Skolfield (1826-1916), who owned and lived in the other side of the building (now used as the Pejepscot Historical Society headquarters).[1]

In 1862 Alfred, his wife Martha Harward (1836-1904), and their young daughter Eugenie (1860-1951) moved into their new home. The family furnished the home with expensive furniture from Portland's Walter Corey Company, choosing a Rococo Revival style (much of this furniture remains in the home today). Several of the rooms also feature marble fireplaces with encaustic tile and stylish curtains. At this time the home was most likely lit by gaslight. In 1864 Martha gave birth to a second daughter, Augusta Marie (1864-1902).[2]

Move to England

In 1867, for reasons that are not entirely clear, Alfred moved his family to Liverpool, England. It may be that political tensions developing during the Reconstruction era were the motivation for the move, as the Skolfields were staunch Democrats living in a region that was primarily Republican. After relocating to England, they did not sell their Brunswick home, choosing instead to rent it out to several different people during their absence. In 1868 Professor J.B. Sewall moved into the home, followed by Stephen O. Purington (1880-1882) and finally Dr. Mitchell (1883-1885), who in 1885 purchased the house next door and become the Skolfield's neighbor.[3]

Return to Brunswick and Renovation of Home

In 1885, after living abroad for 18 years, the Skolfields returned to their home and almost immediately began renovations. The plumbing was updated and the former carriage house renovated and attached to the rest of the building. The new space served to house the relocated kitchen, informal dining room, and laundry room. The former kitchen was converted and expanded to become a formal dining room, and the old dining room was renovated into a drawing room.[4]

The influence of English style upon the Skolfields is apparent in the renovations made to the house a this time. The family purchased many new decorations for the home in England, including carpets, a piano, a Chippendale wall bracket and several paintings by J.B. Smith, Spinks, Enser and Woolett. The Skolfields also updated their furniture by purchasing many pieces in the popular Eastlake style. English influence led the Skolfields to separate the bathtub and toilet added to the former carriage house into two separate rooms. In 1891 the home was wired for electricty and circa 1894-1895 the home was connected to the new town sewer lines.[5]

The Whittiers

Drawing Room

Alfred Skolfield died on June 1, 1895, but a new patriarch in the home would soon take his place. On June 24, Eugenie married Frank Whittier (1861-1924) in the drawing room, the most formal room of the house. Frank, a Bowdoin College graduate from Farmington, Maine, received his medical degree in 1889 and was appointed professor of Pathology and Bactierology at the Maine Medical School (a now-defunct school of Bowdoin College) in 1891.[6] During his career, Frank also took on responsibilities as the first medical examiner for Cumberland County, Brunswick milk inspector, and chairman of the Maine Medical Association's committee on venereal diseases. He appears to have been the first to use a serology test (to distinguish human blood from that of other animals) in a court of law, as well as the first to develop a test for ballistic fingerprinting.[7]

Frank and Eugenie made few changes to the home. Frank added a grandfather clock (believed to have been a Whittier family heirloom) to the entrance hall, and circa 1910-1912 the couple moved their master bedroom to the former carriage house. The former master bedroom was converted into the current library.[8] By 1913 a telephone had been installed in the home.[9]

Eugenie and Frank had three daughters: Isabel (1896-1976), Alice (1898-1994) and Charlotte (1903-1912).[10] Charlotte died at the age of 9 after accidently catching fire in the family kitchen.[11] Isabel and Alice both attended Bryn Mawr College, graduating in 1920 and 1921, respectively. Isabel became a teacher at Brooklyn College, where she taught for more than 30 years, and was a close friend of Margaret Chase Smith (there are many pictures of Smith scattered about the home). Meanwhile, Alice followed in her father's footsteps, setting up a practice in Portland to become Maine's first female pediatrician.[12]

After Frank's death in 1924, Eugenie took up a life of travel, and she and her daughters usually only spent summers at their Brunswick home. In 1982 Alice, the last living member of the family, donated the entire home and its contents to the Pejepscot Historical Society.[13] The museum is open for guided tours during the summer season.

See Also

Reynolds, Erminie S. & Kenneth R. Martin. A Singleness of Purpose: The Skolfields and Their Ships. Bath, Maine: Maine Maritime Museum, 1987.

Notes

  1. ^ Skolfield-Whittier House 2008 Tour Manual, page 6. Pejepscot Historical Society, 2008.
  2. ^ Hinkley, Marilyn J. The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, 1857-1925, page 23-29. Thesis, Cooperstown Graduate Program, 1983.
  3. ^ Hinkley. The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 33-40.
  4. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 48.
  5. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 48-61.
  6. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 62-66.
  7. ^ Dorman, Daniel M. A Matter of Life and Death; CSI Brunswick: The Forensic Work of Dr. Frank Whittier, page 10-18. Pejepscot Historical Society, 2008.
  8. ^ Skolfield Whittier House 2008 Tour Manual, page 7 & 21.
  9. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 113.
  10. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 157.
  11. ^ Skolfield Whittier House 2008 Tour Manual, page 14.
  12. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, 1857-1925, page 116-117.
  13. ^ Hinkley, The Skolfield-Whittier House and its Occupants, page 116-120.

External Links

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