User talk:207.63.52.50 and Prunus serotina: Difference between pages
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{{sharedipedu|[[Bement, Illinois|Bement]] Community Unit School District #5}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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== January 2008 == |
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| name = Black Cherry |
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{{{icon|[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] }}} Your recent edit to [[:Siamese (cat)]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siamese_%28cat%29&curid=63087&diff=188216754&oldid=187376475 diff]) was reverted by an '''automated bot'''. The edit was identified as adding [[WP:VAND|vandalism]], or [[WP:SPAM|link spam]] to the page or having an inappropriate [[WP:ES|edit summary]]. If you want to experiment, please use the preview button while editing or consider using the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. If this revert was in error, please contact the bot operator. If you made an edit that removed a large amount of content, try doing smaller edits instead. Thanks!<!-- Template:uw-vandalism1 --> // [[User:VoABot II|VoABot II]] ([[User talk:VoABot II|talk]]) 20:00, 31 January 2008 (UTC) |
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| image = Amerikaanse vogelkers Prunus serotina closeup.jpg |
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| image_width = 240px |
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| image_caption = Black Cherry flowers and leaves |
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae |
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| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] |
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] |
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| ordo = [[Rosales]] |
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| familia = [[Rosaceae]] |
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| subfamilia = [[Prunoideae]] |
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| genus = ''[[Prunus]]'' |
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| subgenus = ''[[bird cherry (subgenus)|Padus]]'' |
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| species = '''''P. serotina''''' |
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| binomial = ''Prunus serotina'' |
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| binomial_authority = [[Ehrh.]] |
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}} |
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The '''Black Cherry''' (''Prunus serotina'', also occasionally Wild Black Cherry, Rum Cherry, or Mountain Black Cherry) is a species of [[Prunus|cherry]], native to [[Eastern United States|eastern]] [[North America]] from southern [[Quebec]] and [[Ontario]] south to [[Texas]] and central [[Florida]], with disjunct populations in [[Arizona]] and [[New Mexico]], and in the mountains of [[Mexico]] and [[Guatemala]].<ref name=silvics>Marquis, D. A. (undated). U.S. Forest Service Silvics Manual: [http://www.na.fs.fed.us/pubs/silvics_manual/volume_2/prunus/serotina.htm ''Prunus serotina'' Ehrh. - Black Cherry]</ref><ref name=usda>USDA Plants Profile: [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=PRSE2 NCRS: ''Prunus serotina'']</ref> |
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[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia{{#if:Cottage cheese|, as you did to [[:Cottage cheese]]}}. Your edits appear to constitute [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]]. If you would like to experiment, please use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. {{#if:|{{{2}}}|Thank you.}}<!-- Template:uw-vandalism2 --> <font face="Comic Sans Ms">[[User:Dust Rider|<span style="background: #000000; color: #FFFF00;"> Dust Rider </span>]][[User_talk:Dust Rider|<span style="background: #FF0000; color: #0000ff;"> Talk </span>]]</font> 20:04, 31 January 2008 (UTC) |
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[[Image:Amerikaanse vogelkers bessen Prunus serotina.jpg|left|thumb|Immature fruit]] |
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<br/> |
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==Description== |
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[[Image:Nuvola apps important.svg|left|25px]] Please stop. If you continue to [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia, as you did to [[:List of school districts in Illinois]], you ''will'' be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing. Your edits have been '''automatically''' marked as [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]] and have been '''automatically''' [[Help:Reverting|reverted]]. {{User:ClueBot/Tracker}} '''If you believe there has been a mistake and would like to report a false positive, please [[User:ClueBot/FalsePositives|report it here]] and then remove this warning from your talk page.''' If your edit was not vandalism, please feel free to make your edit again after reporting it. The following is the log entry regarding this vandalism: [[List of school districts in Illinois]] was [http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List+of+school+districts+in+Illinois&diff=188218541&oldid=185235577 changed] by [[Special:Contributions/207.63.52.50|207.63.52.50]] [[User:207.63.52.50|(u)]] [[User talk:207.63.52.50|(t)]] making a minor change adding "!!!" on 2008-01-31T20:08:54+00:00. Thank you. <!-- Template:uw-cluebotwarning3 --><!-- Template:uw-vandalism3 --> [[User:ClueBot|ClueBot]] ([[User talk:ClueBot|talk]]) 20:09, 31 January 2008 (UTC) |
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The Black Cherry is a species in the subgenus ''[[bird cherry (subgenus)|Padus]]'' with [[flower]]s in [[raceme]]s, and is a [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to 15-30 m tall with a trunk diameter of up to 70-120 cm, occasionally more. The [[leaf|leaves]] are simple, 6-14 cm long, with a serrated margin. The flowers are small (10-15 mm diameter), with five white petals and about 20 stamens, and are fragrant; there are around 40 flowers on each raceme. The [[fruit]] is a [[drupe]], 1 cm diameter, green to red at first, ripening black; it is usually [[astringent]] and bitter to eat fresh, but sometimes sweet. The fruit is readily eaten by [[bird]]s, which do not taste astringency as unpleasant.<ref name=mp>Missouriplants: [http://www.missouriplants.com/Whitealt/Prunus_serotina_page.html ''Prunus serotina'']</ref><ref name=silvics/> |
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Mature Black Cherry can easily be identified in a forest by its very broken, dark grey to black bark, which has the appearance of very thick, burnt potato chips. However, for about the first decade or so of its life, the bark resembles that of a [[Birch]], and is thin and striped. It can also quickly be identified by its long, shiny leaves resembling that of a [[Sourwood]], and by an almond-like odor when a young twig is scratched and held close to the nose. |
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[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px]] This is the '''last warning''' you will receive for your disruptive edits. <br/> The next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia{{#if:|, as you did to [[:{{{1}}}]]}}, you '''will''' be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing. {{#if:|{{{2}}}|}}<!-- Template:uw-vandalism4 -->--[[User:John|John]] ([[User talk:John|talk]]) 20:10, 31 January 2008 (UTC) |
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==Subspecies== |
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<div class="user-block"> [[Image:Stop x nuvola with clock.svg|40px|left]] You have been <b>{{#ifeq:|yes|[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] indefinitely|{{#if:|'''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]]''' for a period of '''{{{time}}}'''|temporarily [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]]}}}}</b> from editing in accordance with [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|Wikipedia's blocking policy]] for persistent '''[[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalism]]'''. {{#ifeq:|yes||Once the block has expired, you are welcome to [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|make constructive contributions]].}} If you believe this block is unjustified, you may [[Wikipedia:Appealing a block|contest the block]] by adding the text <!-- Copy the text as it appears on your page, not as it appears in this edit area. Do not include the "nowiki" tags. --><nowiki>{{</nowiki>unblock|''your reason here''<nowiki>}}</nowiki><!-- Do not include the "nowiki" tags. --> below. {{#if:|[[User:John|John]] ([[User talk:John|talk]]) 20:11, 31 January 2008 (UTC)}}</div>{{#ifeq:|yes|[[Category:Temporary Wikipedian userpages]]}}</div><!-- Template:uw-vblock -->--[[User:John|John]] ([[User talk:John|talk]]) 20:11, 31 January 2008 (UTC) |
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There are two [[subspecies]]:<ref name=grin>Germplasm Resources Information Network: [http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?30099 ''Prunus serotina'']</ref> |
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*''Prunus serotina'' subsp. ''serotina''. Canada, United States. |
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*''Prunus serotina'' subsp. ''capuli'' (Cav.) McVaugh. Mexico, Guatemala. |
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The typical subsp. ''serotina'' is sometimes further divided into four [[variety (biology)|varieties]], var. ''serotina'' in the east of the range, var. ''eximia'' in Texas, and vars. ''rufula'' and ''virens'' in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas.<ref name=usda/> |
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Black Cherry is closely related to the [[Chokecherry]] (''Prunus virginiana''), however [[Chokecherry]] is classified as a shrub or small tree and has smaller and less glossy leaves. |
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== February 2008 == |
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[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to make constructive contributions to Wikipedia, at least one of your recent edits{{#if:Cortical bone|, such as the one you made to [[:Cortical bone]],}} did not appear to be constructive and has been [[Help:Reverting|reverted]] or removed. Please use [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|the sandbox]] for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|welcome page]] to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. {{#if:|{{{2}}}|Thank you.}}<!-- Template:uw-vandalism1 --> [[User:Ascidian|Ascidian]] ([[User talk:Ascidian|talk]]) 20:09, 6 February 2008 (UTC) |
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==Ecology== |
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The Black Cherry is a [[pioneer species]]. In the [[Midwest]], it is seen growing mostly in old fields with other sunlight loving species, such as [[Black Walnut]], [[Black locust]], and [[Hackberry]]. It is a moderately long-lived tree, with ages of up to 258 years known, though it is prone to storm damage with branches breaking easily; any decay resulting however only progresses slowly.<ref name=silvics/> |
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The Black Cherry is also a host of [[caterpillar]]s of various [[Lepidoptera]]. See [[List of Lepidoptera which feed on Prunus|List of Lepidoptera which feed on ''Prunus'']]. The [[Eastern tent caterpillar]] defoliates entire groves some springs. |
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[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|25px|left]] '''This is your last warning'''. You will be blocked from editing the next time you vandalize a page, as you did with <span class="plainlinks">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortical_bone?diff=189568430 this edit]</span> to [[:Cortical bone]]. <!-- Template:uw-huggle4 --> <span style="white-space: nowrap;">[[User:Voyagerfan5761|Tuvok]][<sup>[[User talk:Voyagerfan5761|T]][[Special:Emailuser/Voyagerfan5761|@]][[User talk:Voyagerfan5761|lk]]</sup>/<sub>[[Wikipedia:Editor review/Voyagerfan5761|Improve]]</sub>]</span> 20:11, 6 February 2008 (UTC) |
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==Cultivation and uses== |
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[[Image:Stop hand nuvola.svg|30px]] This is the '''last warning''' you will receive for your disruptive edits. <br/> The next time you [[Wikipedia:Vandalism|vandalize]] Wikipedia{{#if:Bentley|, as you did to [[:Bentley]]}}, you '''will''' be [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]] from editing. {{#if:|{{{2}}}|}}<!-- Template:uw-vandalism4 --> [[User:Toddst1|Toddst1]] ([[User talk:Toddst1|talk]]) 20:11, 6 February 2008 (UTC) |
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The fruit is suitable for making [[jam]] and [[pie|cherry pies]]; they are also a popular flavoring for [[soft drink|soda]]s and used in many [[ice creams]]. |
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The [[timber]] is valuable, perhaps the premier [[cabinet]]ry timber of the U.S., traded as "cherry". It is known for its strong red color and high price. |
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{{{icon|[[Image:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px]] }}} Your recent edit to [[:Bement, Illinois]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bement%2C_Illinois&curid=111785&diff=189568517&oldid=189568323 diff]) was reverted by an '''automated bot'''. The edit was identified as adding [[WP:VAND|vandalism]], or [[WP:SPAM|link spam]] to the page or having an inappropriate [[WP:ES|edit summary]]. If you want to experiment, please use the preview button while editing or consider using the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. If this revert was in error, please contact the bot operator. If you made an edit that removed a large amount of content, try doing smaller edits instead. Thanks!<!-- Template:uw-vandalism4 --> // [[User:VoABot II|VoABot II]] ([[User talk:VoABot II|talk]]) 20:11, 6 February 2008 (UTC) |
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The foliage, particularly when wilted, contains [[cyanogenic glycoside]]s which convert to [[hydrogen cyanide]] if eaten by animals.<ref name=mp/> It is recommended that farmers remove any Black Cherry trees that fall in a field containing livestock, because the wilted leaves could poison the animals. Removal is not always practical though, because Black Cherries often grow in very large numbers on farms, taking advantage of the light brought about by mowing and grazing. Entire fencerows can be lined with this poisonous tree, making it difficult to monitor all the branches falling into the grazing area. |
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<div class="user-block"> [[Image:Stop x nuvola with clock.svg|40px|left]] {{#if:|You have been '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]]''' from editing for a period of '''time'''|You have been temporarily '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]]''' from editing}} in accordance with [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|Wikipedia's blocking policy]] for {{#if:|'''reason'''|[[Wikipedia:Vandalism|abuse of editing privileges]]}}. Once the block has expired, you are welcome to [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|make constructive contributions]]. If you believe this block is unjustified, you may [[Wikipedia:Appealing a block|contest the block]] by adding the text <!-- Copy the text as it appears on your page, not as it appears in this edit area. Do not include the "nowiki" tags. --><nowiki>{{</nowiki>unblock|''your reason here''<nowiki>}}</nowiki><!-- Do not include the "nowiki" tags. --> below. {{#if:|· [[User:AndonicO|<font face="Times New Roman" color="Black">'''A'''''ndonic'''''O'''</font>]] <sup>[[User talk:AO|<font face="Times New Roman" color="Navy">'''''Hail!'''''</font>]]</sup> 20:13, 6 February 2008 (UTC)}}</div><!-- Template:uw-block1 --> · [[User:AndonicO|<font face="Times New Roman" color="Black">'''A'''''ndonic'''''O'''</font>]] <sup>[[User talk:AO|<font face="Times New Roman" color="Navy">'''''Hail!'''''</font>]]</sup> 20:13, 6 February 2008 (UTC) |
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Black Cherry is locally [[naturalisation (biology)|naturalized]] in parts of [[Europe]], having escaped from cultivation as an [[ornamental tree]].<ref>Flora of NW Europe: [http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/flora.php?selected=beschrijving&menuentry=soorten&id=2722 ''Prunus serotina'']</ref> |
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[[Image:Information.png|25px|left]] Hi, the <span class="plainlinks">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Stafford?diff=193104133 recent edit]</span> you made to [[:William Stafford]] has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, ensure that you provide an informative [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]]. You may also wish to read the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|introduction to editing]]. Thanks. <!-- Template:uw-huggle1 --> —[[user:aitias|αἰτίας]] ''•''[[User talk:Aitias|''discussion'']]''•'' 20:06, 21 February 2008 (UTC) |
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==Caution== |
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{{{icon|[[Image:Nuvola apps important.svg|25px]] }}} Your recent edit to [[:William Butler Yeats]] ([http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Butler_Yeats&curid=33684&diff=193999285&oldid=193866611 diff]) was reverted by an '''automated bot'''. The edit was identified as adding [[WP:VAND|vandalism]], or [[WP:SPAM|link spam]] to the page or having an inappropriate [[WP:ES|edit summary]]. If you want to experiment, please use the preview button while editing or consider using the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]]. If this revert was in error, please contact the bot operator. If you made an edit that removed a large amount of content, try doing smaller edits instead. Thanks!<!-- Template:uw-vandalism4 --> // [[User:VoABot II|VoABot II]] ([[User talk:VoABot II|talk]]) 20:04, 25 February 2008 (UTC) |
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Take care when harvesting wild fruit, as the poisonous [[Rhamnus cathartica|Common Buckthorn]] bears a strong resemblance to the Black Cherry. They have a different pattern of fruit growth, and the buckthorn leaf has curved veins rather than straight. In addition buckthorn has 2 or more seeds instead of the cherry's single pit. |
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==References== |
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{{Commons|Prunus serotina}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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[[Category:Cherries]] |
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<div class="user-block"> [[Image:Stop x nuvola with clock.svg|40px|left]] You have been '''[[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|blocked]]''' from editing for a period of '''1 week''' in accordance with [[Wikipedia:Blocking policy|Wikipedia's blocking policy]] for '''vandalism'''. Once the block has expired, you are welcome to [[Wikipedia:Five pillars|make constructive contributions]]. If you believe this block is unjustified, you may [[Wikipedia:Appealing a block|contest the block]] by adding the text <!-- Copy the text as it appears on your page, not as it appears in this edit area. Do not include the "nowiki" tags. --><nowiki>{{</nowiki>unblock|''your reason here''<nowiki>}}</nowiki><!-- Do not include the "nowiki" tags. --> below. </div><!-- Template:uw-block1 --> |
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[[Category:Flora of North America]] |
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[[Category:Trees of the United States]] |
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[[Category:Trees of Canada]] |
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[[Category:Trees of Mexico]] |
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[[Category:Trees of the Eastern United States|Cherry, Black]] |
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[[Category:Trees of the Plains-Midwest (United States)|Cherry, Black]] |
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[[Category:Trees of Ontario|Cherry, Black]] |
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[[Category:Trees of Quebec|Cherry, Black]] |
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[[Category:Trees of humid continental climate]] |
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[[da:Glansbladet Hæg]] |
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== March 2008 == |
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[[de:Späte Traubenkirsche]] |
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[[es:Prunus serotina]] |
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[[Image:Information.png|25px|left]] Hi, the <span class="plainlinks">[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivesdale,_Illinois?diff=198926934 recent edit]</span> you made to [[:Ivesdale, Illinois]] has been reverted, as it appears to be unconstructive. Use the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]] for testing; if you believe the edit was constructive, ensure that you provide an informative [[Help:Edit summary|edit summary]]. You may also wish to read the [[Wikipedia:Introduction|introduction to editing]]. Thanks. <!-- Template:uw-huggle1 --> '''<font face="verdana">Cheers, [[User:Glacier Wolf|<font color="#084C9E">Gl</font><font color="#4682b4">ac</font><font color="#6495ED">ier</font>]] [[User talk:Glacier Wolf|<font color="#4682b4">Wo</font><font color="#084C9E">lf</font>]]</font>''' 19:47, 17 March 2008 (UTC) |
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[[fr:Cerisier tardif]] |
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[[nah:Ēlōcapolcuahuitl]] |
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[[Image:Information.svg|25px]] [[Wikipedia:Introduction|Welcome]], and thank you for your attempt to lighten up Wikipedia. However, this is an encyclopedia and the articles are intended to be serious, so please don't make joke edits, as you did to [[:Z-Boys]]. Readers looking for serious articles will not find them amusing. If you'd like to experiment with editing, try the [[Wikipedia:Sandbox|sandbox]], where you can write (almost) whatever you want. <!-- Template:uw-joke1 --> [[User:Professor marginalia|Professor marginalia]] ([[User talk:Professor marginalia|talk]]) 16:03, 19 March 2008 (UTC) |
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[[nl:Amerikaanse vogelkers]] |
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[[pl:Czeremcha amerykańska]] |
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[[ru:Черёмуха поздняя]] |
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== April 2008 == |
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== May 2008 == |
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== May 2008 == |
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== September 2008 == |
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== October 2008 == |
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Revision as of 15:40, 10 October 2008
| Black Cherry | |
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| Black Cherry flowers and leaves | |
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| Species: | P. serotina
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| Prunus serotina | |
The Black Cherry (Prunus serotina, also occasionally Wild Black Cherry, Rum Cherry, or Mountain Black Cherry) is a species of cherry, native to eastern North America from southern Quebec and Ontario south to Texas and central Florida, with disjunct populations in Arizona and New Mexico, and in the mountains of Mexico and Guatemala.[1][2]
Description
The Black Cherry is a species in the subgenus Padus with flowers in racemes, and is a deciduous tree growing to 15-30 m tall with a trunk diameter of up to 70-120 cm, occasionally more. The leaves are simple, 6-14 cm long, with a serrated margin. The flowers are small (10-15 mm diameter), with five white petals and about 20 stamens, and are fragrant; there are around 40 flowers on each raceme. The fruit is a drupe, 1 cm diameter, green to red at first, ripening black; it is usually astringent and bitter to eat fresh, but sometimes sweet. The fruit is readily eaten by birds, which do not taste astringency as unpleasant.[3][1]
Mature Black Cherry can easily be identified in a forest by its very broken, dark grey to black bark, which has the appearance of very thick, burnt potato chips. However, for about the first decade or so of its life, the bark resembles that of a Birch, and is thin and striped. It can also quickly be identified by its long, shiny leaves resembling that of a Sourwood, and by an almond-like odor when a young twig is scratched and held close to the nose.
Subspecies
There are two subspecies:[4]
- Prunus serotina subsp. serotina. Canada, United States.
- Prunus serotina subsp. capuli (Cav.) McVaugh. Mexico, Guatemala.
The typical subsp. serotina is sometimes further divided into four varieties, var. serotina in the east of the range, var. eximia in Texas, and vars. rufula and virens in Arizona, New Mexico and Texas.[2]
Black Cherry is closely related to the Chokecherry (Prunus virginiana), however Chokecherry is classified as a shrub or small tree and has smaller and less glossy leaves.
Ecology
The Black Cherry is a pioneer species. In the Midwest, it is seen growing mostly in old fields with other sunlight loving species, such as Black Walnut, Black locust, and Hackberry. It is a moderately long-lived tree, with ages of up to 258 years known, though it is prone to storm damage with branches breaking easily; any decay resulting however only progresses slowly.[1]
The Black Cherry is also a host of caterpillars of various Lepidoptera. See List of Lepidoptera which feed on Prunus. The Eastern tent caterpillar defoliates entire groves some springs.
Cultivation and uses
The fruit is suitable for making jam and cherry pies; they are also a popular flavoring for sodas and used in many ice creams.
The timber is valuable, perhaps the premier cabinetry timber of the U.S., traded as "cherry". It is known for its strong red color and high price.
The foliage, particularly when wilted, contains cyanogenic glycosides which convert to hydrogen cyanide if eaten by animals.[3] It is recommended that farmers remove any Black Cherry trees that fall in a field containing livestock, because the wilted leaves could poison the animals. Removal is not always practical though, because Black Cherries often grow in very large numbers on farms, taking advantage of the light brought about by mowing and grazing. Entire fencerows can be lined with this poisonous tree, making it difficult to monitor all the branches falling into the grazing area.
Black Cherry is locally naturalized in parts of Europe, having escaped from cultivation as an ornamental tree.[5]
Caution
Take care when harvesting wild fruit, as the poisonous Common Buckthorn bears a strong resemblance to the Black Cherry. They have a different pattern of fruit growth, and the buckthorn leaf has curved veins rather than straight. In addition buckthorn has 2 or more seeds instead of the cherry's single pit.
References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Prunus serotina.
- ^ a b c Marquis, D. A. (undated). U.S. Forest Service Silvics Manual: Prunus serotina Ehrh. - Black Cherry
- ^ a b USDA Plants Profile: NCRS: Prunus serotina
- ^ a b Missouriplants: Prunus serotina
- ^ Germplasm Resources Information Network: Prunus serotina
- ^ Flora of NW Europe: Prunus serotina