9M83

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Launch and transport vehicle 9A83

9M83 is a two-stage Russian anti-aircraft missile used in the S-300W guided missile system together with the 9M82 .

history

At the beginning of the development of the S-300 surface-to-air missile defense system , it turned out that the different requirements for air defense of facilities on the territory of the USSR and for air defense of Soviet troops in Europe resulted in the need for two different air defense systems. Soviet forces in Europe faced short and medium-range nuclear missiles such as the MGM-52 Lance and the Pershing ; these missiles posed no threat to the actual territory of the Soviet Union. Since such ballistic targets are fast targets, with low RCS and without the possibility of electronic warfare , a self-guided missile is best suited to combat them. On the other hand, for defense against aircraft and cruise missiles under the condition of electronic warfare, rocket guidance from the ground is more suitable. For this reason, the S-300W was used by the air defense forces of the ground forces (army) and the S-300P by the Soviet air defense forces. The trajectory of a missile that is guided from the ground is better than that of a self-guiding missile because it flies with a smaller g-force and therefore has less loss of speed. To compensate for this loss, it was decided to use a two-stage system for the self-guided missile of the S-300W. The rocket 5W55 and the 48N6 for the S-300P are single-stage, but have almost the same flight characteristics as the 9M83.

technology

9M83ME in the transport container

The main purpose of the 9M83 missile is to intercept short-range ballistic missiles. It can also fight aircraft and cruise missiles. It is ejected vertically upwards from a start and transport container by a gas charge (so-called cold start ). The rocket motor of the first stage is only ignited at a height of around 40 m. The 9M83 reaches a speed of around 1,200 m / s in an average of five seconds (5.05 + 1.35 / −0.94 s.). After the booster has burned out, it is blown off and the rocket engine of the 1,213 kg second stage after 13.86 + 3.35 / −2.7 s. ignited. This accelerates it to 1,600–1,700 m / s. The second stage is identical to that of the 9M82. It is possible to delay the ignition of the second stage by up to 20 seconds when used against aircraft. This increases the possible uses. A modernized version 9M83M with increased operating time of the on-board electronics achieves a range of 120–150 km and is used in the S-300WM guided missile system.

The 47.5 ton launch and transport vehicle 9A83 transports four 9M83 missiles and is equipped with radar with target irradiation. It launches two missiles at 1–2 second intervals and guides them to their target. The 47-ton transport and loading vehicle 9A85 transports four rockets and is equipped with a loading crane. It is also used as a launch platform.

Technical specifications

system S-300W
Guided missile 9M83
Introductory year 1988
Operating distance in aircraft combat 75 km (120–150 km for 9M83M)
Operating distance in missile combat up to 40 km
Operating altitude in aircraft combat 25,000 m
Operating altitude in missile combat 25,000 m
Time to prepare for fire 5 min
reaction time 15 s (7.5 for 9M83M)
length 7,900 mm
diameter 915 mm
span 1,213 mm
Takeoff mass 2,290 kg
Mass of the first stage 1,077 kg
Second stage mass 1,213 kg
Container mass 690 kg
Warhead 150 kg high explosive / splinter, cone angle 60 °
Maximum range against a 0.05 m² target RCS 30 km
Minimally detectable RCS 0.02 m²

literature

  • Antey Industrial Complex: Mobile multi-channel anti-aircraft missile system 9K81 "S-300W" of the air defense forces for the command level fronts and armies. Official information brochure from Antey. Antey Industrial Complex, Moscow 121471, Russia, 1995.
  • Dan Katz: S-300 Surface-To-Air Missile System. Aerospace Daly & Defense Report, Aviation Week, August 2015.
  • SM Ganin, AW Karpenko: The S-300 surface-to-air guided missile system . Saint-Petersburg 2001, p. 50–62 ( site3f.ru [PDF; 8.0 MB ; accessed on December 27, 2017] Russian: зенитная ракетная система С-300В .).
  • The S-300W surface-to-air missile system. Product 9M83. Technical data . 1984 (107 p., Russian: Зенитная ракетная система С-300В. Изделие 9М83. Техническое описание .).
  • Yeltsin SN: The S-300W surface-to-air missile system . (Russian: Зенитная ракетная система С-300В .).
  • Steven J. Zaloga: Tactical Ballistic Missile Defense: The Antey S-300V. Jane's Intelligence Review, February 1993, Jane's Information Group, London, 1993.

Web links

Commons : 9M83  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Antey Industrial Complex: Mobile multi-channel anti-aircraft missile system 9K81 "S-300V" of the air defense forces for the command level fronts and armies. 1995.
  2. ^ A b Dan Katz: S-300 Surface-To-Air Missile System. 2015. pp. 9 + 10.
  3. ^ A b c Adrian Ochsenbein: The SA-12/23 GALDIATOR / GIANT surface-to-air guided missile system. In: scribd.com. Defense Threat Informations Group, accessed December 31, 2017 .
  4. ↑ МО РФ: ЗРС С300В4 подтвердила способность поражать цели до 400 км , http://ria.ru/ , accessed December 31, 2017
  5. ↑ a b Dr. Carlo Kopp: NIEMI / Antey S-300V 9K81 / 9K81-1 / 9K81M / MK Self Propelled Air Defense System / SA-12 / SA-23 Giant / Gladiator. In: ausairpower.net. Air Power Australia, accessed December 31, 2017 .
  6. ↑ Зенитные управляемые ракеты 9М82 (9М82М) and 9М83 (9М83М). In: rbase.new-factoria.ru. Retrieved December 31, 2017 (Russian).
  7. ↑ Steven J. Zaloga: Tactical Ballistic Missile Defense: The Antey S-300V. 1993, pp. 52-58