Ablation (medicine)
Ablation ( Latin ablatio "ablation, detachment") is a medical term and stands for the removal of body tissue or body parts. This also includes indirect removal by sclerosing during catheter ablation . The term “ amputation ” has a partially synonymous meaning, whereby the ablation usually denotes a much more restricted procedure (e.g. pulmonary vein ablation for atrial fibrillation ). However, relatively large-scale interventions can also be called "ablation". An example of this is the medical term for the removal of the mammary glands ("mammary ablation") or the removal of the uterine lining ( endometrial ablation ).
Ablation is also used in tumor therapy when tumor tissue is destroyed by heat, for example. An example of this is radio frequency ablation , in which a needle is used to attempt to position one or more radio frequency needles in the corresponding organ (for example the liver). High-frequency alternating current is “sent” through one or more needles, but the needle is cooled so that only the tumor ions are made to vibrate and heat is only generated in the tumor tissue itself, which then destroys the tumor. This can also be used for tumor foci.
In cardiac surgery, ablation is performed when paroxysmal, persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation occurs . Heart ablation is a locally applied dose of energy that causes a scar. This scar leads to the electrical insulation of the sclerosed tissue. Common therapies are catheter ablation, surgical ablation and hybrid ablation.
The term also describes a pathological detachment process emanating from the body itself, for example retinal detachment ( ablatio or amotio retinae ) or the premature detachment of the placenta ( ablatio or abruptio placentae ).
About the word usage
If “perform an ablation” is to be paraphrased with a verb, there is no clear verb formation. The medical practitioner occasionally uses "ablate" or "ablate". This is linguistically incorrect due to the Latin origin from auferre . Ablatio is the noun form of the verb, which in Latin is formed from the past participle of the perfect passive voice . Auferre is an irregular verb whose stem forms are aufero, abstuli, ablatum . Therefore, the correct active form in German must be "Auferieren" (see translation and transfer or also secretion and secreting ). The "regenerate" form is in use, but even more rarely than the "ablate" or "ablate" forms mentioned above.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sacha P. Salzberg, Andre Plass u. a .: Left atrial appendage clip occlusion: Early clinical results. In: The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery. 139, 2010, p. 1269, doi : 10.1016 / j.jtcvs.2009.06.033 .
