Acute midbrain syndrome

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The midbrain syndrome is a compression of the midbrain due to a pressure rise in the brain due to hemorrhage or edema .

Pathophysiology

Midbrain syndrome is a result of the increase in pressure in areas above the tentorium cerebelli , which traps basal parts of the cerebrum into the opening of the tentorium. Triggering events can be a severe traumatic brain injury , intoxication or an oxygen deficiency due to cardiac arrest .

Symptoms

In addition to unconsciousness, there is a loss of pain stimulus reactions , lively reflexes , extension spasticity of arms and legs, medium to wide pupils with deviating eye positions, hypertension , sweating, tachycardia and pathological forms of breathing such as Cheyne-Stokes breathing and machine breathing .

  • Stretching spasticity: The stretching spasticity is probably explained by the failure of the inhibitory pathways that counteract the vestibulospinal tract . Since the tractus vestibulospinal tracts constantly excite extensors and inhibit flexors, the inhibitory tracts that run through the midbrain fail while at the same time the NcII lying deeper than the midbrain is retained. vestibulares, which control the vestibulospinal tract, to the phenomenon of extensor or extensor spasm.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Martin Trepel: Neuroanatomy - Structure and Function . 6th edition. Urban & Fischer, Munich 2015, ISBN 978-3-437-41287-5 , pp. 126 .

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