Aldole

Structural formula of an aldol. For example, for 3-hydroxybutanal, R ¹ = CH ₃ and R ² = H.

Aldols (abbreviation for Ald ehydalkoh ol , also: β-hydroxyaldehydes ) are aldehydes which an OH group ( alcohol group) on one carbon atom in β-position to the carbonyl group carry. The name-giving parent compound is 3-hydroxybutanal (aldol). Aldols occur as classic products in the aldol reaction . Ketones with an OH group in the β position are called β- hydroxy ketones . According to the IUPAC nomenclature, both groups can be summarized as hydroxycarbonyl compounds.

Aldols play an important role in the aldol reactions . They can be represented by the reaction of two carbonyls in an aldol addition . If an aldol has a hydrogen atom on the α-carbon atom , it can react in an aldol condensation with elimination of water to form an α, β-unsaturated carbonyl.

Individual evidence

^ Brockhaus ABC Chemie , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig 1965, pp. 34-35.
^ Albert Gossauer: Structure and reactivity of biomolecules , Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Zurich, 2006, pp. 310-313, ISBN 978-3-906390-29-1 .

[ABC_Chemie-1] Brockhaus ABC Chemie , VEB FA Brockhaus Verlag Leipzig 1965, pp. 34-35.

[Gossauer-2] Albert Gossauer: Structure and reactivity of biomolecules , Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Zurich, 2006, pp. 310-313, ISBN 978-3-906390-29-1 .