Anthropobionics

The Anthropobionik is a branch of bionics . This sub-area is fundamentally concerned with adapting applications or constructions to people. It basically consists of two sub-areas, robotics and human-machine interaction , which also overlap.

definition

Human-machine interaction

The human-machine interaction is an area of ​​the human-machine system. Human-machine systems represent a collaboration between humans and machines, which work together in the environment so that they fulfill a specific goal or a specific task. Nowadays the machine can often be found as a computer, so that there are overlaps with human-computer interaction. The touchscreen and data glasses are known examples of innovations. So that an interaction can take place, an interface is required that can be found in the area of ​​human-machine interfaces or also user interfaces.

robotics

The term robot or robotics is not clearly defined because the definition differs from country to country. A first appearance of the term comes from science fiction stories in the play "RossumŠs Universalroboter" by Karel Capek. The piece depicts artificially created beings that are supposed to support people. This had an impact on the population, in which robots are seen as beings with a will of their own, who after a while turn against their creator. In the 1950s, the American author Isaac Asimov defined robots differently. In his case, robots are machines programmed by humans that obey three laws. He defined the term “robotics” for the first time through his remarks.

Applications

Anthropobionics has many applications.

In the area of ​​human-machine interaction, this includes

• the design of cockpits that are adapted to human sensory abilities and habits, or
• Finding an ideal configuration for bicycles, with which one can ride with greater muscle efficiency than when running.

In the field of robotics this is one of them

• the gripper arm control using the example of crabs.

Merging

There is also human-machine interaction in robotics, but this is still being expanded. Using the example of the surgical robot. Applications you can see this expansion. Such very advanced human-machine systems are mainly found in medical technology. This application is often used in the field of oral, nose, and maxillofacial surgery. The specification in this system lies on the one hand in the type of system. This system is called the master-slave system. A master-slave system is a human-robot arrangement in which the human controls the robot. This can be from a point near the robot or at the other end of the world. On the other hand, such robots are supposed to mend human errors in control, so that an accuracy that cannot be achieved manually is guaranteed. Shaking movements should be suppressed, so that the operating robot has a steady hand. This example shows that human-machine interaction can also be recognized in robotics. On the one hand, it offers the positive aspects of the systems in the area of ​​control technology, but here it is expanded and optimized again.

outlook

The area of ​​man-machine systems had an initial boom with the world wars and military technology. This also includes developments in the field of communication and information technology. The elaboration of this topic is distributed in the area of ​​the technical colleges to the chairs of electrical engineering, information technology, ergonomics, control engineering and computer science. Not only universities of applied sciences are working on it, but also companies in vehicle technology, process technology, information technology and communication technology. Nowadays, human-machine interaction is expanding in its specialist areas. The expansion takes place in the areas of design, education, psychology, philosophy, cultural and media studies, ethics and artificial intelligence. This mass of innovations results in various challenges that can be overcome with further research such as animal ethics and biology. If this further research is successful, novel technologies could follow, which can also be important for business. As an example of cyber-physical systems for Industry 4.0.

literature

• Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Roßmann: Script for the lecture Robotics and Human-Machine-Interaction I - Basics -, WS 2014/15, Institute for Human-Machine-Interaction.
• Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Roßmann: Script for the lecture Robotics and Human-Machine-Interaction II - Basics -, SS 2014, Institute for Human-Machine-Interaction.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Anthropobionics: Definition
2. ↑ Anthropobionics: Applications  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.