Anti-causative
Antikausativ - (also recessive (Latin recedere , retreat), ergativiert , Ergative and reflexivity media called) - is a Valenzoperation in which a Kausativum is reduced to its dimension of getting by by deleting the Agensaktanten only with one subject is which is originally the object of the causative. With the anti-causative not only the agent - the acting part of the sentence - but also the meaning of the causer is completely eliminated.
Example:
- He falls the tree - the tree falls
The anti-causative is assigned to the detransitivations . d. H. the valence of the verb is reduced, the agent is erased, and the patient becomes the subject. In addition, with the anti-causative, the agent no longer plays a role in the meaning.
The anti-causative verb variant in German only receives an additional ( morphological ) marking in the case of medial verbs through the reflexive “sich”, for example “open” - “open”. In other languages, such as Russian, the anti-causative variant is always marked morphologically, whereas in languages such as Arabic the causative variant is marked. Causative and anti-causative together form a so-called "ergative verb pair ". They are not always formally identical, for example “kill” - “die”.
swell
- Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language . 4th edition; Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart and Weimar, 2010, ISBN 3-476-02335-4
- Hadumod Bußmann (Ed.) With the collaboration of Hartmut Lauffer: Lexikon der Sprachwissenschaft. 4th, revised and bibliographically supplemented edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-520-45204-7 .
- Duden grammar, 8th edition, 2009