Labor policy
Labor policy comprises two sub-areas: Labor relations (synonym: industrial relations ) refers to the relations of the social partners at collective bargaining level, ie the relations between trade unions and employers' associations. Working relationships also exist at the company level between works councils and the management of an employer. The second sub-area of labor policy is labor market policy . It describes the entirety of all government measures that help to improve the working conditions of employees, secure their jobs and increase employment opportunities for job seekers. Labor market policy in Germany is shaped centrally at the federal level by the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs or the Federal Employment Agency, as well as at the state level by the state labor ministries and at the municipal level . The working groups (ARGEn), formed from municipalities and employment agencies as well as in 69 individual cases nationwide according to the so-called option model , the independent cities and districts alone are legally only responsible for the implementation of SGB II, i.e. for employable and needy people without work. However, many municipalities are also committed to other target groups of labor market policy, which are funded as part of their own initiatives, often using state and / or EU programs.
Definitions
In addition to the term labor policy , labor market policy and employment policy are sometimes used synonymously. In the original sense, labor policy also includes labor relations as well as labor market policy, as explained above. The term labor market policy is increasingly being parallel to a political realignment by the term labor policy replaced. It stands for a perspective that goes beyond market-correcting measures and is consistently geared towards the development of so-called human resources based on the principle of promoting and demanding. See also the concept of employability .
literature
- Eckart Hildebrandt: Labor policy in transition. Developments and perspectives in labor policy . Ed. Sigma, Berlin 2007, ISBN 3-89404-239-7 .
- Berndt Keller : Introduction to Labor Policy: Labor Relations and the Labor Market from a Social Science Perspective . 7th, completely revised edition. Oldenbourg, Munich 2008, ISBN 3-486-58475-8 .
- Paul Oehlke: Labor policy impulses for social productivity. Case studies on regional, national and European activities. VSA, Hamburg 2013, ISBN 978-3-89965-558-2 .
- Werner van Treeck: Labor Policy , in: Historical-Critical Dictionary of Marxism , Vol. 1, Argument-Verlag, Hamburg, 1994, Sp. 552-560.