Purpose built archive

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Purpose-built archive buildings are used for the permanent storage of archive material by creating suitable storage conditions . They are used for preventive conservation built and backup.

conditions

The legal requirement for the permanent preservation of the archive material results in the necessary measures to regulate the climate, air and light, which are intended to prevent damage from mold , pollutants or sunlight. Securing archived material against loss and protection against accidents, fires or natural disasters require structural and technical precautionary measures as part of the archive emergency planning . In addition to archiving standards and guidelines, there are also labor and health law issues to be observed:

  • DIN ISO 11799 Information and Documentation - Requirements for the storage of archive and library material
  • Ordinance on safety and health protection when working with biological agents
  • Technical rule for biological agents 240: Protective measures for activities with microbially contaminated archive material
  • Workplaces regulation
  • Professional association rules and regulations

Requirements

The stored goods are considered a default condition. This is about the type of archive material (files, cards, photos, films) that should be stored. This has an impact on the climatic requirements, the statics of the building and the shelving of the rooms. When asked about the type of storage, the shelf equipment of the rooms must be taken into account (according to installation, lying or standing, according to packaging or storage formats). In the case of old registries, administrative and intermediate archives, the storage period plays a role. Regarding the storage quantity, it must be taken into account the size of the storage rooms, both from the perspective of the current inventory and taking into account the growth for the next few years. The decisive factor is the planning period for which the magazine should be sufficient.

Location of the building

The following aspects should be considered when determining the location of a building:

  • no danger from floods, landslides or other natural disasters
  • no inflammable or explosive systems in the vicinity (e.g. also petrol stations)
  • no factories or industrial facilities in the vicinity that emit harmful gases, smoke or dust
  • no possible military targets in the area
  • quick accessibility of the area for the fire brigade
  • Orientation of the rooms to the north to reduce exposure to the sun
  • Accessibility for trucks to the building and sufficient transport routes on the site
  • Adjacent reserve areas for later extensions

Securing the building and the rooms

There are various measures to secure an archive magazine.

  • Securing the building with fences, bars, security guards, etc.
  • special securing of doors and windows with alarm systems , grilles, foils, safety glass, etc.
  • Intrusion alarm system
  • Deny access to the public
  • lockable doors to the other areas of the archive building
  • low number of entrances (no windows), but sufficient escape routes and emergency exits

Requirements for a magazine room

When it comes to the requirements for a storage room, a distinction is made between the division and use of the rooms and the size and design of the rooms. The rooms should:

  • be structurally separated from the public archive area.
  • form a self-contained unit in the building.
  • be separated from pure processing rooms.
  • be divided into several small rooms.
  • have few supports or partitions so that the space can be optimally used.
  • be equipped with dirt-repellent walls, surfaces and floors that can be cleaned easily and damp.

In addition, the climate, ventilation and lighting in an archive room should be taken into account. Both climate and ventilation must always remain constant and within the limit values ​​suitable for the individual types of archive material, e.g. B. for paper files 14-18 ° C and 35-50% relative humidity (cf. DIN ISO 11799 Appendix B). Measuring devices that regularly and continuously record temperature and humidity can be installed for control purposes. To ensure constant ventilation, ventilation clearances should be set up between the shelves and the shelves. The windows should be light-tight or darkened, if necessary, so that protection from natural light from daylight is guaranteed. In addition, the light should be switched off after leaving the room so that there is no permanent lighting.

See also

swell

  • DIN ISO 11799 Information and Documentation - Requirements for the storage of archive and library material. 2004.
  • Technical rules for biological agents (TRBA) 240: Protective measures for activities with microbially contaminated archive material.

literature

  • Gerhard Banik, Sebastian Dobrusskin: Storage of archive, library and museum goods . 2nd edition Austrian National Library, Institute for Restoration, Vienna 1990.
  • Rickmer Kießling: Requirements for archive buildings - space requirements, construction technology, air conditioning, equipment . In: Archives in Thuringia , Vol. 23 (2002).
  • Hartmut Weber: Conservation . In: Evelyn Kroker , Renate Köhne-Lindenlaub, Wilfried Reininghaus (eds.): Handbook for economic archivists. Theory and practice . 2nd edition. Verlag Oldenbourg, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-486-56727-6 .

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