Area typology

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Area typological map based on the clustering of the pronunciation intervals of German dialects.


The area typology is one of several ways of comparing languages . She examines languages ​​or dialects in a limited geographical area and how they relate to one another.

Research in the field of general linguistics focuses on how languages, due to long-term contact, influence one another in terms of their typological (grammatical) properties. If such an influence can be proven, such groups of languages ​​are called Sprachbund . For example, the Balkan language federation or the language federations on the Indian subcontinent , the Southeast Asian mainland or in Mesoamerica are known .

The area typology can, however, also be applied to the local varieties of just one language area and thus made fruitful for dialectology . By using a differentiated arsenal of quantitative methods, she overcomes the traditional approach, which is ultimately based on arbitrarily selected characteristics, and can make clear the distance and proximity of the various High, Middle and Low German dialects, for example .

See also

literature

  • Harald Haarmann: Aspects of the area typology. The problem of the European language federations. Narr, Tübingen 1976. ISBN 3-87808-072-7 .
  • Alfred Lameli: Structures in the Language Area . Analyzes of the area-typological complexity of dialects in Germany. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2013 (Linguistics - Impulse & Tendencies. 54), ISBN 978-3-11-033123-3 .
  • Theodor Lewandowski: Linguistic Dictionary. 4., rework. Aufl. Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1984. ISBN 3-494-02020-5 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Area typology  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hermann Niebaum, Jürgen Mache: Introduction to the Dialectology of German (=  Germanist workbooks. Volume 37). De Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2011, p. 98.
  2. ↑ Murray Emeneau: India as a Linguistic Area. In: Language 32, 1956, pp. 3-16.
  3. ^ NJ Enfield: Areal Linguistics and Mainland Southeast Asia. In: Annual Review of Anthropology 34, 2005, pp. 181–206 (PDF file; 314 kB).
  4. ↑ L. Campbell, T. Kaufman, TC Smith-Stark: Meso-America as a Linguistic Area. ( Memento of the original from January 6, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: Language 62, 1986, pp. 530-570 (PDF file; 4.33 MB). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.mexicauprising.net
  5. ^ Cf. Alfred Lameli: Structures in the language area. Analyzes of the area-typological complexity of dialects in Germany. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2013 (Linguistics - Impulse & Tendencies. 54).