Ayelet Shachar

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ayelet Shachar (2018)

Ayelet Shachar (born June 4, 1966 in Israel ) is Director at the Max Planck Institute for Research on Multi-Religious and Multi-Ethnic Societies (MPI-MMG) in Göttingen and Professor of Law and Political Science at the University of Toronto . Her research interests are citizenship and immigration law, religious diversity and gender equality, highly skilled migration and global inequality. In March 2019, Ayelet Shachar was awarded the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize for her "leading role in multidisciplinary research on global justice and immigration," as the laudation proclaimed.

Scientific career

Ayelet Shachar began her studies at Tel Aviv University, where she received a Bachelor of Law (LL.B.) and Political Science degree in 1993. She then earned her Master of Laws (LL.M, 1995) and PhD (JSD, 1997) at Yale Law School. In 1999 Shachar received a call to the University of Toronto, first as Visiting Professor (1999), then as Assistant Professor (1999-2004) and finally as Associate Professor (2004-2007). She was appointed Full Professor of Law, Political Science and Global Affairs in 2007, when she also took over the Canada Research Chair in Citizenship and Multiculturalism. Ayelet Shachar has been a scientific member of the Max Planck Society and director at the Max Planck Institute for Research on Multi-Religious and Multi-Ethnic Societies, where she heads the Ethics, Law and Politics department.

Research topics

Ayelet Shachar conducts research at the interface between jurisprudence and political theory in three subject areas: religious diversity and gender equality, belonging and border regimes, and the commercialization of citizenship.

Religious diversity and gender equality

With her first book "Multicultural Jurisdictions: Cultural Differences and Women's Rights", published in 2001, Shachar shed light on the relationship between women's rights and religion and made suggestions on how religious diversity and gender equality can be better reconciled. This scientific work was also considered in the broader public discussion, e.g. B. has quoted the head of the Anglican Church, Archbishop of Canterbury Rowan Williams, in a speech on "Islam in English Law" in the Royal Courts of Justice on February 7, 2008 several times from "Multicultural Jurisdictions".

Affiliation and border regime

Her second book "The Birthright Lottery: Citizenship and Global Inequality" (Harvard University Press, 2009) dealt with the worldwide principle according to which citizenship is acquired by chance at birth, based on place of birth ("ius soli") or based on the nationality of the parents ("Ius sanguinis"). Shachar argued that acquiring political membership today is equivalent to acquiring private property in ancient times (p. 2). This has significant consequences, says Shachar, because the citizenship that someone receives at birth has a lasting effect on life chances (p. 5). In order to counteract this system of global inequality, Shachar proposed the principle of “ius nexi” (Chapter 6). The “Birthright Lottery” was awarded a “Notable Book” award in 2010 by the International Studies Association (ISA) International Ethics Section.

In addition to questions of citizenship, Shachar deals with current developments, how the borders of nation states are changing from territorial lines that were previously recorded on maps to flexible zones at home and abroad that create new, flexible border areas for state monitoring of migration. Her new book "The Shifting Border: Legal Cartographies of Migration and Mobility" examines these developments and will appear in the Critical Power series of Manchester University Press.

The commercialization of citizenship

In her current research, Shachar is dedicated to the increasing commercialization of national sovereignty tasks such as naturalization and migration control e.g. B. by issuing “golden visas” or citizenship in a fast-track process based on private assets or very high fees.

Awards and prizes (selection)

  • 2002: American Political Science Association (APSA) Foundations of Political Theory Section Winner of First Book Award for Multicultural Jurisdictions: Cultural Differences and Women's Rights (Cambridge University Press, 2001)
  • 2007–2015: Canada Research Chair in Citizenship and Multiculturalism
  • 2010: International Studies Association (ISA) International Ethics Section Notable Book for The Birthright Lottery: Citizenship and Global Inequality (Harvard University Press, 2009)
  • 2013: American Political Science Association (APSA) Migration and Citizenship Section Best Chapter Award for "Citizenship" pp. 1002-1019 in The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Constitutional Law, edited by Michel Rosenfeld and András Sajó. Oxford: Oxford University Press
  • since 2014: Member of the Royal Society of Canada
  • since 2017: Full member of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen
  • 2019: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize

Fonts (selection)

Books

  • 2001: Multicultural Jurisdictions: Cultural Differences and Women's Rights. Cambridge University Press (Cambridge online publication 2009) ISBN 978-0-511-49033-0
  • 2009: The Birthright Lottery: Citizenship and Global Inequality. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03271-2
  • 2015: (edited with Geoffrey Brahm Levey) The Politics of Citizenship in Immigrant Democracies: The Experience of the United States, Canada, and Australia. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-138-05798-2
  • 2017: (edited with Rainer Bauböck, Irene Bloemraad and Maarten Vink) The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-880585-4
  • 2019, i. E .: The Shifting Border: Legal Cartographies of Migration and Mobility. Critical Power Series. Manchester University Press.

Articles in journals and articles in anthologies (selection)

  • 2014a: "Family Matters: Is there Room for 'Culture' in the Courtroom?" In: Will Kymlicka, Matt Matravers and Claes Lernestedt (eds.) Criminal Law and Cultural Diversity. Oxford University Press, pp. 119-152. ISBN 978-0-19-967659-0
  • 2014b: “Citizenship and the 'Right to Have Rights'” In: Ayelet Shachar and Geoffrey Brahm Levey (eds.) Special Issue - Citizenship in a Globalized World: The Experience of Immigrant Democracies. Citizenship Studies 18, 2014, pp. 113-242. DOI: 10.1080 / 13621025.2014.886389
  • 2014c: Ayelet Shachar, Ran Hirschl: On Citizenship, States, and Markets . In: Journal of Political Philosophy . tape 22 , no. 2 , 2014, p. 231-257 , doi : 10.1111 / jopp.12034 .
  • 2015: “The Search for Equal Membership in the Age of Terror.” In: Edward M. Iacobucci and Stephen J. Toope (eds.) After the Paris Attacks: Responses in Canada, Europe and Around the World. University of Toronto Press, pp. 65-73. ISBN 978-1-4426-3001-7
  • 2016a: “Selecting by Merit: The Brave New World of Stratified Mobility.” In: Sarah Fine and Lea Ypi (eds.) Migration in Political Theory: The Ethics of Movement and Mobility. Oxford University Press, pp. 175-201. ISBN 978-0-19-967660-6
  • 2016b: Ayelet Shachar: Squaring the Circle of Multiculturalism? Religious Freedom and Gender Equality in Canada . In: The Law & Ethics of Human Rights . tape 10 , no. 1 , 2016, ISSN  2194-6531 , p. 31-69 , doi : 10.1515 / educational-2016-0002 ( degruyter.com [accessed on 11 April 2019]).
  • 2017b: “Citizenship for Sale?” In: The Oxford Handbook of Citizenship (=  Oxford Handbooks in Law ). Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York 2017, ISBN 978-0-19-880585-4 ( oup.com [accessed April 11, 2019]).
  • 2018: "The Marketization of Citizenship in an Age of Restrictionism." Ethics and International Affairs 32, 3-13.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Press report NDR.de
  2. ↑ Leibniz laudation 2019: Ayelet Shachar. (PDF) In: dfg.de. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft eV, January 2019, accessed on April 12, 2019 .
  3. ↑ Curriculum Vitae: Ayelet Shachar. (PDF) In: dfg.de. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft eV, January 2019, accessed on April 12, 2019 .
  4. ↑ News | University of Toronto Faculty of Law. Retrieved April 11, 2019 .
  5. ↑ The Birthright Lottery - Ayelet Shachar | Harvard University Press. Accessed April 11, 2019 .
  6. ↑ 2018_Press release-Leibnizpreis-Shachar - MPI-MMG. Retrieved April 11, 2019 .
  7. ↑ a b The marketization of Citizenship in on Age of Restrictionism. In: Ethics & International Affairs. March 9, 2018, Retrieved April 11, 2019 (American English).
  8. ^ Criminal Law and Cultural Diversity . Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York 2014, ISBN 978-0-19-967659-0 ( oup.com [accessed April 11, 2019]).
  9. ^ Migration in Political Theory: The Ethics of Movement and Membership . Oxford University Press, Oxford, New York 2016, ISBN 978-0-19-967660-6 ( oup.com [accessed April 11, 2019]).
personal data
SURNAME Shachar, Ayelet
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Israeli lawyer and political scientist, director at the Max Planck Institute for Research on Multi-Religious and Multi-Ethnic Societies (MPI-MMG) in Göttingen and Professor of Law and Political Science at the University of Toronto
DATE OF BIRTH 4th June 1966
PLACE OF BIRTH Israel