LPG tank adapter
A liquid gas tank adapter is a mechanical accessory for refueling a motor vehicle with LPG .
Since refueling with liquid gas must be carried out under pressure, an appropriately sealed connection is required. There is still no uniform standard for this; different connections can be found on vehicles as well as on tapping points. In order to be able to fill up every car at every filling point, adapters are used.
The Euronozzle is planned by the EU as a Europe-wide uniform connection , but it has not yet found widespread use.
Basics
The adapter bodies are usually made of brass , which prevents sparking.
ECE 67R-01 applies to LPG tank adapters . Only if this number is stamped on the adapter is it definitely approved for operation with LPG.
On-vehicle connection
The vehicle's fuel filler neck is usually equipped with a metric screw thread, the sizes range from M10 to M22. The connection on the vehicle side is usually sealed with an O-ring on the external thread of the adapter.
Appropriate adapters for the vehicle-side connection are usually included with a vehicle powered by liquefied gas.
Since this threaded connection is exposed to considerable thermal (cooling) and mechanical (lever arm of the fuel nozzle) loads during the refueling process, high-quality (and all ECE-approved) adapters are made of stainless steel .
Connection on the dispenser side
Four systems are used in Europe to connect the fuel nozzle to the car adapter: the ACME connection, the Dish connection, the bayonet connection and the Euronozzle. All four systems are designed in such a way that a pressure-tight connection to the adapter is established when the nozzle is opened.
ACME connector
The ACME connection has a trapezoidal thread according to ANSI / ASME B1.5: 1997 or ANSI / ASME B1.8 on the outside . The outside diameter is 1 3 ⁄ 4 inches , which corresponds to 44.45 mm. Inside the adapter there is a rubber seal on a flange.
The nozzle has a rotatable sleeve that is screwed onto the connection as far as it will go. Then the nozzle is opened. The sleeve is pulled back and the inner part of the nozzle is pressed onto the rubber seal in the adapter.
Dish connector
The Dish connection, also known as the Italy adapter, has the largest outer diameter of all connections at 54 mm, but is simple in design. It consists of a box with an inwardly flanged outer edge, and a metal sealing bead is applied around the central hole on the inside. The connector of the nozzle is loosely inserted into the can and then the nozzle is opened. The fuel nozzle first claws under the flanged edge and then creates a pressure-tight connection to the inner bead of the can. With this connection, the nozzle is usually smaller and lighter than the others.
Dish connections permanently installed on the vehicle have an internal thread into which adapters can be screwed to other tank connections.
The dish connection probably got its name from the fact that its shape is reminiscent of a tableware ("dish" in English).
Bayonet connection
The bayonet connection has two laterally protruding pegs over which the sleeve of the nozzle is pushed and locked with a quarter turn. A pressure-tight connection is created when the nozzle is opened.
Although the bayonet adapter has the smallest diameter of all connection systems, it has the greatest overall depth, since the locking sleeve of the fuel nozzle is pushed on relatively far.
Euronozzle
The Euronozzle connection was developed with the aim of offering a uniform connection for liquid gas refueling at least across Europe and gradually replacing the other three systems. Currently (2018) the Euronozzle is used in Spain and Portugal.
Overview of the distribution of connections by country
| country | ACME | bayonet | Dish | Euronozzle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albania | ⚫ | |||
| Australia | ⚫ | |||
| Belgium | ⚫ | |||
| Bosnia | ⚫ | |||
| Bulgaria | ⚫ | |||
| Denmark 1 | ⚫ | |||
| Germany | ⚫ | rarely 2 | ||
| France | ⚫ | |||
| Greece | ⚫ | |||
| Great Britain | ⚫ | |||
| Ireland | ⚫ | |||
| Italy | ⚫ | |||
| Canada | ⚫ | |||
| Croatia | ⚫ | |||
| Luxembourg | ⚫ | |||
| Montenegro | ⚫ | |||
| Netherlands | ⚫ | |||
| Norway | ⚫ | |||
| Austria | ⚫ | ⚫ | ||
| Eastern European countries | ⚫ | |||
| Poland | Rare | ⚫ | ||
| Portugal | old | ⚫ | ||
| Romania | ⚫ | |||
| Russia | ⚫ | |||
| Sweden | ⚫ | |||
| Switzerland | ⚫ | ⚫ | ||
| Spain | old | ⚫ | ||
| Turkey | ⚫ | |||
| Hungary | ⚫ | |||
| United States | ⚫ | ⚫ |
1 There are very few LPG filling stations in Denmark. The website mylpg.eu lists four stations nationwide.
2 Usually as a second connection next to an ACME dispensing hose.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of LPG stations in Denmark ( English ) mylpg.eu. Retrieved April 9, 2019.