Banking sector

The banking sector is the generic term for the industry of the entire banking sector ( credit institutions , including savings banks ).

The banking sector is divided into the areas of universal banks , savings banks , cooperative banks , installment banks , mortgage banks , ship mortgage banks , investment banks , specialized banks and building societies . Financial services institutions such as B. Commodity futures brokers in the broader sense, provided they are approved for direct trading in securities by BAFin , are also part of the banking sector. All institutes in Germany that conduct direct or own trading in money, loans, securities, guarantees, etc. must be approved by the Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (BaFin) . Individuals and companies that act as intermediaries for institutes active in the banking sector generally only require a permit in accordance with Section 34c of the Trade Regulations (GewO).

Definitions

Universal banks , savings banks , cooperative banks

are allowed to

• Deposit business (the acceptance of funds from others),
• Lending business (the granting of money loans and acceptance credits ),
• Securities business (the purchase and sale of securities for others)
• Custody business (the custody and administration of securities for others)
• Guarantee business (assumption of sureties , guarantees and other warranties ),
• Giro business (implementation of cashless payment transactions ),

make.

Installment banks

are credit institutions that

• Deposit business (the acceptance of funds from others),
• Credit business (the granting of money loans),

may make.

Mortgage lenders

are credit institutions that

• grant mortgage loans (secured in the land register) and
• deposit business in the form of issuing mortgage Pfandbriefe (see Pfandbrief )

operate.

Ship mortgage lenders

are credit institutions that

• Ship mortgage loans ( secured on the ships ) are sufficient and
• the deposit business in the form of issuing ship Pfandbriefe (see also Pfandbrief )

operate.

Investment banks

are banks that trade with

• Operate issues and securities for customers,
• provide advice on the acquisition and sale of company investments ( mergers & acquisitions ) and
• operate the investment business.

Building societies

are credit institutions that

• Deposit business (the acceptance of third-party funds) in the form of building loan contributions and that
• Lending business in the form of building society loans

operate.

Central cooperative institutes

are credit institutions that act as the central institutions of the Volksbank and Raiffeisenbanken and

• provide services for the cooperative banks that the small Volksbanks and Raiffeisenbanks cannot provide (e.g. large loans ).
• handle payment transactions inside and outside the cooperative banking system. In Germany these are WGZ-Bank and DZ Bank .

Cooperative mortgage lenders

• which, as cooperative mortgage banks, handle the mortgage business - especially with large customers. In Germany this is the DG HYP in particular .

Landesbanken

• are banks that essentially assume the same function for the savings banks as the cooperative central institutions for the Volksbank and Raiffeisenbanken.

literature

• Rajnish Tiwari, Stephan Buse: The German Banking Sector: Competition, Consolidation and Contentment. Hamburg University of Technology (TU Hamburg-Harburg), 2006. ( mobile-prospects.com ( Memento from January 30, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), PDF; 45 kB)
• A. Brunner, J. Decressin, D. Hardy, B. Kudela: Germany's Three-Pillar Banking System - Cross-Country Perspectives in Europe. Occasional Paper, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC 2004.
• P. Wackerbeck, F. Becht, D. Ettlin: M & As ín European banking. PwC Strategy &, 2017. ( strategyand.pwc.com ( Memento from December 1, 2017 in the Internet Archive ))